Battery cells with lithium ion conducting tape-cast ceramic, glass and glass-ceramic membranes
First Claim
1. A method of making an electrochemical cell structure, the method comprising:
- tape-casting an inherently lithium ion conductive separator membrane selected from the group consisting of a glass, a ceramic and a glass-ceramic, the membrane having a first surface and a second surface; and
assembling the tape-cast inherently lithium ion conductive separator membrane with a lithium-containing anode adjacent to the first surface;
wherein the membrane effectively isolates the lithium-containing anode from an environment at the second surface of the membrane, while allowing transport of lithium ions across the membrane, the membrane having a lithium ion conductivity of at least 10−
6 S/cm.
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Abstract
Alkali (or other active) metal battery and other electrochemical cells incorporating active metal anodes together with aqueous cathode/electrolyte systems. The battery cells have a highly ionically conductive protective membrane adjacent to the alkali metal anode that effectively isolates (de-couples) the alkali metal electrode from solvent, electrolyte processing and/or cathode environments, and at the same time allows ion transport in and out of these environments. Isolation of the anode from other components of a battery cell or other electrochemical cell in this way allows the use of virtually any solvent, electrolyte and/or cathode material in conjunction with the anode. Also, optimization of electrolytes or cathode-side solvent systems may be done without impacting anode stability or performance. In particular, Li/water, Li/air and Li/metal hydride cells, components, configurations and fabrication techniques are provided.
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Citations
25 Claims
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1. A method of making an electrochemical cell structure, the method comprising:
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tape-casting an inherently lithium ion conductive separator membrane selected from the group consisting of a glass, a ceramic and a glass-ceramic, the membrane having a first surface and a second surface; and assembling the tape-cast inherently lithium ion conductive separator membrane with a lithium-containing anode adjacent to the first surface; wherein the membrane effectively isolates the lithium-containing anode from an environment at the second surface of the membrane, while allowing transport of lithium ions across the membrane, the membrane having a lithium ion conductivity of at least 10−
6 S/cm. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5)
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6. An electrochemical cell structure, comprising:
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a tape-cast inherently lithium ion conductive separator membrane selected from the group consisting of a glass, a ceramic and a glass-ceramic, the membrane having a first surface and a second surface; and a lithium-containing anode on the first surface of the membrane; wherein the membrane effectively isolates the lithium-containing anode from an environment at the second surface of the membrane, while allowing transport of lithium ions across the membrane, the membrane having a lithium ion conductivity of at least 10−
6 S/cm. - View Dependent Claims (7, 8, 9, 10)
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11. A battery cell comprising:
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a tape-cast inherently lithium ion conductive separator membrane selected from the group consisting of a glass, a ceramic and a glass-ceramic, the membrane having a first surface and a second surface; a lithium-containing anode on the first surface of the membrane; and a cathode environment comprising a cathode adjacent the second surface of the membrane; wherein the membrane effectively isolates the lithium-containing anode from the cathode environment, while allowing transport of lithium ions across the membrane, the membrane having a lithium ion conductivity of at least 10−
6 S/cm. - View Dependent Claims (12, 13, 14, 15)
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16. A method of making a lithium battery cell, the method comprising:
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tape-casting an inherently lithium ion conductive separator membrane selected from the group consisting of a glass, a ceramic and a glass-ceramic; and assembling the tape-cast inherently lithium ion conductive separator membrane-between an anode and a cathode; wherein the membrane allows transport of lithium ions, the membrane having lithium ion conductivity of at least 10−
5 S/cm. - View Dependent Claims (17, 18, 19, 20)
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21. A lithium battery cell, comprising:
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an anode; a cathode; and a tape-cast inherently lithium ion conductive separator membrane selected from the group consisting of a glass, a ceramic and a glass-ceramic, the tape-cast inherently lithium ion conductive separator membrane disposed between the anode and the cathode; wherein the membrane allows transport of lithium ions, the membrane having lithium ion conductivity of at least 10−
5 S/cm. - View Dependent Claims (22, 23, 24, 25)
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Specification