Adaptive torque control circuit and method of operation

• US 9,421,883 B2
• Filed: 11/20/2014
• Issued: 08/23/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 03/10/2014
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Drake Motors Incorporated
• Original Assignee: Drake Motors Incorporated
• Inventors: Drako, Dean, Sikand, Shivinder Singh
• Primary Examiner(s): Cheung, Calvin
• Assistant Examiner(s): Martinez Borrero, Luis A
• Application Number:
  US14/549,448
• Publication Number:
  US 20150251541A1
• Time in Patent Office: 642 Days
• Field of Search: 701/22, 701/1, 701/101, 701/99, 701/41, 701/42, 701/43, 318/151, 318/700, 318/376, 318/143, 318/400.11, 318/400.29, 318/254.1, 318/139, 318/48, 180/65.31, 180/65.8, 180/2.2, 180/54.1, 180/65.225
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 17/145 the electric gearing being disposed in or adjacent to traction wheel
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 15/025 using field orientation; Vector control; Direct Torque Control [DTC]
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 15/2036 Electric differentials, e.g. for supporting steering vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 15/2045 for optimising the use of energy
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 15/36 with automatic control superimposed, e.g. to prevent excessive motor current
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/423 Torque
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/427 Voltage
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 3/102 of individual wheels
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 3/106 for maintaining or recovering the adhesion of the drive wheels
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/51 characterised by AC-motors
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 10/16 Axle differentials, e.g. for dividing torque between left and right wheels
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2710/083 Torque
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2710/12 Differentials
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2720/26 Wheel slip
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 50/085 Changing the parameters of the control units, e.g. changing limit values, working points by control input
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/64 Electric machine technologies in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/72 Electric energy management in electromobility

Abstract

A circuit controls a polyphase alternating current electric motor with adaptive adjustments to voltage magnitude and voltage frequency when it receives measurements of wheel slip and wheel skid. The apparatus receives target torque requests as well as sensor data from a wheel and local motion and acceleration detectors. When the target torque is not attainable because of loading or loss of traction, the circuit adaptively determines and provides an attainable torque and transmits the attainable torque value which enables other target torque requests to be amended.

Claims

1. An integrated propulsion apparatus to respond more quickly to a steering input comprising:

an operator control input for desired vehicle yaw;

at least four polyphase AC motors;

electrically coupled to,

an adaptive torque control circuit which provides current or voltage magnitude and voltage frequency to each of the at least four motors by converting DC power;

DC power input circuits; and

digital signal interface circuits;

each motor coupled to a wheel; and

each

digital signal interface circuit coupled to

a torque budgeter circuit which provides target torque commands determined by desired vehicle yaw turning direction received from the operator control input;

wherein each adaptive torque control circuit comprises an Adaptive Field-Oriented Control (AF-OC) circuit;

wherein each AF-OC circuit is communicatively coupled to a plurality of other AF-OC circuits and to the torque budgeter circuit, whereby target torque commands are generated for each AF-OC circuit according to operator controls in combination with attainable torque from each AF-OC, stability data, and accelerometer data;

wherein each AF-OC circuit adjusts its torque by control over current, voltage magnitude, and voltage frequency output when any other AF-OC circuit determines a target torque cannot be attained due to at least one of substantially large slip, skid, and instability.

2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein a front wheel AF-OC circuit adjusts its voltage magnitude and voltage frequency output when a rear wheel AF-OC circuit determines a target torque cannot be attained due to at least one of substantially large slip, skid, and instability.

3. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the torque budgeter circuit adjusts the target torque for rear wheel AF-OC circuits when at least one front wheel AF-OC circuit determines a target torque cannot be attained due to at least one of substantially large slip, skid, and instability.

4. The apparatus of claim 1 further comprising:

a vehicle sensor which measures land surface velocity and estimates rotational velocity (RPM) equivalents for each wheel;

the vehicle sensor coupled to the adaptive torque control circuit to determine when slip exceeds a maximum slip target by comparison of estimated RPM with actual RPM.

5. A method to improve vehicle yaw response more quickly to a steering input by providing voltage magnitude and voltage frequency individually to each motor coupled to a wheel, comprising:

at a torque budgeter circuit, readjusting its target torque commands in consideration of attainable torque for each wheel, user operations (steering), and lateral acceleration and stability data;

receiving a desired vehicle yaw turning direction when a driver turns a steering wheel;

determining torque target commands for each motor coupled to a wheel;

wherein torque target commands comprise one of negative torque values and positive torque values whereby each motor provides one of a braking force and a propulsive force to its coupled wheel;

at an adaptive torque control circuit, receiving target torque commands, slip data, skid data, stability data, accelerometer data;

adjusting to achieve target torque by changes in voltage magnitude, and voltage frequency; and

transmitting via a network interface attainable torque;

whereby amended torque requests controlling voltage magnitude, and voltage frequency outputs are controlled when a combination of slip data, skid data, and instability data cause the circuit to determine that a target torque cannot be attained, wherein said adaptive torque control circuit comprises an Adaptive Field-Oriented Control (AF-OC) circuit.

6. The method of claim 5 further comprising:

at each AF-OC circuit, adjusting its torque by control over voltage magnitude, and voltage frequency output when any other AFOC circuit determines a target torque cannot be attained due to at least one of substantially large slip, skid, and instability.

7. The method of claim 5 further comprising:

at a rear wheel AF-OC circuit, adjusting its voltage magnitude and voltage frequency output when a front wheel AFOC circuit determines a target torque cannot be attained due to at least one of substantially large slip, skid, and instability.

8. The method of claim 5 further comprising:

at a torque budgeter circuit, adjusting the target torque for rear wheel AF-OC circuits when at least one front wheel AFOC circuit determines a target torque cannot be attained due to at least one of substantially large slip, skid, and instability.

9. The method of claim 5 further comprising:

receiving from sensors locally attached to each electrically powered wheel slip and skid information directly to an adaptive torque control or adaptive field-oriented control (AF-OC) circuit;

determining at each adaptive torque control or AF-OC circuit what its attainable torque can be for current conditions; and

transmitting its attainable torque to a torque budgeter circuit.

10. The method of claim 5 further comprising:

measuring by a vehicle sensor a land surface velocity and estimating rotational velocity (RPM) equivalents for each wheel.

11. The method of claim 5 further comprising:

comparing the estimated rotational velocity (RPM) by the torque budgeter circuit with the actual RPM to determine when slip exceeds a maximum slip target.

12. A system to improve vehicle yaw response to operator control inputs comprises:

a circuit to receive desired vehicle yaw turning direction when a driver turns a steering wheel;

a circuit to determine target torque for each wheel;

wherein target torque comprise one of negative torque values and positive torque values whereby each motor provides one of a braking force and a propulsive force to its coupled wheel;

a torque budgeter circuit;

coupled by a network to a plurality of adaptive field-oriented control (AF-OC) circuits;

each AF-OC circuit communicatively coupled to sensors locally attached to one of four wheels which provide slip and skid information directly;

each AF-OC circuit coupled to one of a plurality of polyphase electric motors;

each one of the plurality of polyphase electric motors coupled to one of four wheels, whereby the torque budgeting circuit can readjust its target torque commands in consideration of attainable torque for each wheel, user operations (steering), and lateral acceleration and stability data.