Electronic device with supervisor circuit for detecting resistance parameter of an energy storage device

• US 9,429,627 B2
• Filed: 06/05/2014
• Issued: 08/30/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 06/05/2014
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Board of Regents of the University of Michigan (University of Michigan)
• Original Assignee: Board of Regents of the University of Michigan (University of Michigan)
• Inventors: Lee, In Hee, Lee, Yoonmyung, Sylvester, Dennis Michael, Blaauw, David Theodore
• Primary Examiner(s): Dinh, Paul
• Application Number:
  US14/296,764
• Publication Number:
  US 20150355281A1
• Time in Patent Office: 817 Days
• Field of Search: 320/103, 320127-129, 320134-138, 320/166, 324/430, 324/600
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 31/382 Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 31/389 Measuring internal impedance, internal conductance or related variables

Abstract

An electronic device has an energy storage device and circuitry supplied with a storage device voltage from the energy storage device. A supervisor circuit enables the circuitry in response to the storage device exceeding an enable threshold voltage. The supervisor circuit detects a resistance parameter which is indicative of an internal resistance of the energy storage device and adjusts the enable threshold voltage based on the resistance parameter.

Claims

1. An electronic device comprising:

an energy storage device;

circuitry supplied with a storage device voltage from the energy storage device; and

a supervisor circuit configured to enable the circuitry in response to the storage device voltage exceeding an enable threshold voltage;

wherein the supervisor circuit is configured to detect a resistance parameter indicative of an internal resistance of the energy storage device and to adjust the enable threshold voltage based on the resistance parameter;

wherein the supervisor circuit comprises a test current generator configured to draw a test current from the energy storage device for testing the internal resistance of the energy storage device; and

wherein the test current generator comprises a plurality of capacitors and a plurality of switches for selecting whether the capacitors are coupled in parallel or coupled in series across the energy storage device.

2. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein the energy storage device comprises a battery.

3. The electronic device according to claim 1, comprising an energy harvesting unit configured to harvest ambient energy, wherein the energy storage device is charged based on the energy harvested by the energy harvesting unit.

4. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein the supervisor circuit is configured to disable the circuitry in response to the storage device voltage dropping below a disable threshold voltage, wherein the disable threshold voltage is less than the enable threshold voltage.

5. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein the supervisor circuit is configured to adjust the enable threshold voltage to have a value corresponding to a sum of a target threshold voltage and a margin voltage, wherein the margin voltage depends on the resistance parameter.

6. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein the supervisor circuit comprises a threshold voltage generator configured to generate a plurality of different threshold voltage levels and to set the enable threshold voltage to one of the plurality of threshold voltage levels selected based on the resistance parameter.

7. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein the supervisor circuit is configured to trigger detection of the resistance parameter and adjustment of the enable threshold voltage in response to the storage device voltage exceeding a current value of the enable threshold voltage.

8. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein the supervisor circuit is configured to enable the circuitry after a delay period has elapsed following the storage device voltage exceeding the enable voltage threshold;

and

if the storage device voltage no longer exceeds the enable voltage threshold before the end of the delay period, then the supervisor circuit is configured to inhibit enabling of the circuitry.

9. The electronic device according to claim 1, comprising an isolation switch configured to isolate the circuitry from the storage device voltage when the test current is drawn from the energy storage device.

10. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein the resistance parameter is indicative of an amount by which the storage device voltage drops when the test current is drawn from the energy storage device.

11. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein the test current generator comprises at least one capacitive element coupled across the energy storage device, and the resistance parameter is indicative of a rate with which the storage device voltage rises following a voltage drop caused by the test current being drawn from the energy storage device.

12. The electronic device according to claim 1,

wherein the test current generator is configured to generate the test current by switching the plurality of switches from a first state in which the plurality of capacitors are coupled in series across the energy storage device to a second state in which the plurality of capacitors are coupled in parallel across the energy storage device.

13. The electronic device according to claim 12, wherein before generating the test current, the test current generator is configured to switch the plurality of switches from the second state to the first state.

14. The electronic device according to claim 13, wherein the test current generator is configured to switch the plurality of switches from the second state to the first state in a plurality of steps, each step for coupling a subset of the capacitors in series.

15. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein the supervisor circuit is configured to output a warning signal if the resistance parameter indicates that the internal resistance of the energy storage device is higher than a threshold resistance.

16. An electronic device comprising:

an energy storage device;

circuitry supplied with a storage device voltage from the energy storage device; and

a supervisor circuit configured to enable the circuitry in response to the storage device voltage exceeding an enable threshold voltage;

wherein the supervisor circuit is configured to detect a resistance parameter indicative of an internal resistance of the energy storage device and to adjust the enable threshold voltage based on the resistance parameter;

wherein the supervisor circuit comprises a test current generator configured to draw a test current from the energy storage device for testing the internal resistance of the energy storage device; and

wherein the resistance parameter comprises a count value representing a time taken for the storage device voltage to rise to a sample voltage level following the voltage drop caused by the test current.

17. The electronic device according to claim 16, wherein the sample voltage level corresponds to a fraction of a level of the storage device voltage captured prior to drawing the test current from the energy storage device.

18. The electronic device according to claim 16, comprising a counter configured to increment the count value in response to a count clock signal until the storage device voltage exceeds the sample voltage level;

wherein a clock generator for generating the count clock signal is powered by a regulated voltage.

19. An electronic device comprising:

energy storage means for storing energy;

circuit means for being supplied with a storage device voltage from the energy storage means; and

supervising means for enabling the circuit means in response to the storage device voltage exceeding an enable threshold voltage;

wherein the supervising means is configured to detect a resistance parameter indicative of an internal resistance of the energy storage means and to adjust the enable threshold voltage based on the resistance parameter;

wherein the supervising means comprises a test current generating means configured to draw a test current from the energy storage means for testing the internal resistance of the energy storage means; and

wherein the test current generating means comprises a plurality of capacitors and a plurality of switches for selecting whether the capacitors are coupled in parallel or coupled in series across the energy storage means.

20. A method for an electronic device comprising an energy storage device and circuitry supplied with a storage device voltage from the energy storage device;

the method comprising;

detecting whether the storage device voltage exceeds an enable threshold voltage;

enabling the circuitry in response to the storage device voltage exceeding the enable threshold voltage;

detecting a resistance parameter indicative of an internal resistance of the energy storage device;

drawing a test current from the energy storage device for testing the internal resistance of the energy storage device;

coupling a plurality of capacitors and a plurality of switches to the energy storage device in a configuration for selecting whether the capacitors are coupled in parallel or coupled in series across the energy storage device; and

adjusting the enable threshold voltage based on the resistance parameter.