Protein surface remodeling
First Claim
1. A supercharged protein variant of a wild-type protein, wherein the supercharged protein variant comprises a modified primary amino acid sequence as compared to the wild-type sequence, resulting in a theoretical net charge on the supercharged protein variant of +10 to +52 at physiological pH, wherein the theoretical net charge at physiological pH of the supercharged protein variant is increased by at least +3 as compared to the theoretical net charge of the wild-type protein,wherein the wild-type protein is an immunoglobulin or a fragment thereof.
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Abstract
Aggregation is a major cause of the misbehavior of proteins. A system for modifying a protein to create a more stable variant is provided. The method involves identifying non-conserved hydrophobic amino acid residues on the surface of a protein, suitable for mutating to more hydrophilic residues (e.g., charged amino acids). Any number of residues on the surface may be changed to create a variant that is more soluble, resistant to aggregation, has a greater ability to re-fold, and/or is more stable under a variety of conditions. The invention also provides GFP, streptavidin, and GST variants with an increased theoretical net charge created by the inventive technology. Kits are also provided for carrying out such modifications on any protein of interest.
79 Citations
26 Claims
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1. A supercharged protein variant of a wild-type protein, wherein the supercharged protein variant comprises a modified primary amino acid sequence as compared to the wild-type sequence, resulting in a theoretical net charge on the supercharged protein variant of +10 to +52 at physiological pH, wherein the theoretical net charge at physiological pH of the supercharged protein variant is increased by at least +3 as compared to the theoretical net charge of the wild-type protein,
wherein the wild-type protein is an immunoglobulin or a fragment thereof.
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16. A supercharged protein variant of a wild-type protein, wherein the supercharged protein variant comprises a modified primary amino acid sequence as compared to the wild-type sequence, resulting in a theoretical net charge on the supercharged protein variant of −
- 40 to −
10 at physiological pH, wherein the theoretical net charge at physiological pH of the supercharged protein variant is decreased by at least −
3 as compared to the theoretical net charge of the wild-type protein,wherein the wild-type protein is an immunoglobulin or a fragment thereof. - View Dependent Claims (17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24)
- 40 to −
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25. A protein selected from:
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a green fluorescent protein (+36 GFP) comprising the amino acid sequence;
MGHHHHHHGGASKGERLFRGKVPILVELKGDVNGHKFSVRGKGKGDATRGKLTLKFICTT GKLPVPWPTLVTTLTYGVQCFSRYPKHMKRHDFFKSAMPKGYVQERTISFKKDGKYKTRA EVKFEGRTLVNRIKLKGRDFKEKGNILGHKLRYNFNSHKVYITADKRKNGIKAKFKIRHNV KDGSVQLADHYQQNTPIGRGPVLLPRNHYLSTRSKLSKDPKEKRDHMVLLEFVTAAGIKH GRDERYK (SEQ ID NO;
5);a green fluorescent protein (+42 GFP) comprising the amino acid sequence;
MGHHHHHHGGRSKGKRLFRGKVPILVELKGDVNGHKFSVRGKGKGDATRGKLTLKFICT TGKLPVPWPTLVTTLTYGVQCFSRYPKHMKRHDFFKSAMPKGYVQERTISFKKDGKYKTR AEVKFEGRTLVNRIKLKGRDFKEKGNILGHKLRYNFNSHKVYITADKRKNGIKAKFKIRHN VKDGSVQLADHYQQNTPIGRGPVLLPRKHYLSTRSKLSKDPKEKRDHMVLLEFVTAAGIK HGRKERYK (SEQ ID NO;
6);a green fluorescent protein (+48 GFP) comprising the amino acid sequence;
MGHHHHHHGGRSKGKRLFRGKVPILVKLKGDVNGHKFSVRGKGKGDATRGKLTLKFICT TGKLPVPWPTLVTTLTYGVQCFSRYPKHMKRHDFFKSAMPKGYVQERTISFKKDGKYKTR AEVKFKGRTLVNRIKLKGRDFKEKGNILGHKLRYNFNSHKVYITADKRKNGIKAKFKIRHN VKDGSVQLAKHYQQNTPIGRGPVLLPRKHYLSTRSKLSKDPKEKRDHMVLLEFVTAAGIK HGRKERYK (SEQ ID NO;
27);a green fluorescent protein (+49 GFP) comprising the amino acid sequence;
MGHHHHHHGGRSKGKRLFRGKVPILVKLKGDVNGHKFSVRGKGKGDATRGKLTLKFICT TGKLPVPWPTLVTTLTYGVQCFSRYPKHMKRHDFFKSAMPKGYVQERTISFKKDGKYKTR AEVKFKGRTLVNRIKLKGRDFKEKGNILGHKLRYNFNSHKVYITADKRKNGIKAKFKIRHN VKDGSVQLAKHYQQNTPIGRGPVLLPRKHYLSTRSKLSKDPKEKRDHMVLKEFVTAAGIK HGRKERYK (SEQ ID NO;
7);a streptavidin (+52 SAV) comprising an amino acid sequence;
MGHHHHHHGGAKAGITGTWYNQLGSTFIVTAGAKGALTGTYESAVGNAKSRYVLTGRYD SAPATKGSGTALGWTVAWKNKYRNAHSATTWSGQYVGGAKARINTQWLLTSGTTKAKA WKSTLVGHDTFTKVKPSAAS (SEQ ID NO;
30); anda glutathione-S-transferase (+50 GST) of amino acid sequence;
MGHHHHHHGGPPYTITYFPVRGRCEAMRMLLADQKQSWKEEVVTMKTWPPLKPSCLFRQ LPKFQDGKLTLYQSNAILRHLGRSFGLYGKKQKEAALVDMVNDGVEDLRCKYATLIYTKY KAGKKKYVKKLPKHLKPFETLLSKNKGGKAFVVGSKISFADYNLLDLLRIHQVLNPSCLKA FPLLSAYVARLSARPKIKAFLASPEHVKRPINGNGKQ (SEQ ID NO;
35).
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26. A supercharged protein selected from:
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a streptavidin protein (−
40 SAV) comprising an amino acid sequence;
MGHHHHHHGGAEAGITGTWYNQLGSTFIVTAGADGALTGTYESAVGDAESEYVLTGRYD SAPATDGSGTALGWTVAWKNDYENAHSATTWSGQYVGGAEARINTQWLLTSGTTEADA WKSTLVGHDTFTKVEPSAAS (SEQ ID NO;
29);a green fluorescent protein (−
30 GFP) of amino acid sequence;
MGHHHHHHGGASKGEELFDGVVPILVELDGDVNGHEFSVRGEGEGDATEGELTLKFICTT GELPVPWPTLVTTLTYGVQCFSDYPDHMDQHDFFKSAMPEGYVQERTISFKDDGTYKTRA EVKFEGDTLVNRIELKGIDFKEDGNILGHKLEYNFNSHDVYITADKQENGIKAEFEIRHNVE DGSVQLADHYQQNTPIGDGPVLLPDDHYLSTESALSKDPNEDRDHMVLLEFVTAAGIDHG MDELYK (SEQ ID NO;
4);a green fluorescent protein (−
29 GFP) of amino acid sequence;
MGHHHHHHGGASKGEELFDGEVPILVELDGDVNGHEFSVRGEGEGDATEGELTLKFICTT GELPVPWPTLVTTLTYGVQCFSRYPDHMDQHDFFKSAMPEGYVQERTISFKDDGTYKTRA EVKFEGDTLVNRIELKGIDFKEDGNILGHKLEYNFNSHDVYITADKQENGIKAEFEIRHNVE DGSVQLADHYQQNTPIGDGPVLLPDDHYLSTESALSKDPNEDRDHMVLLEFVTAAGIDHG MDELYK (SEQ ID NO;
3);a green fluorescent protein (−
25 GFP) of amino acid sequence;
MGHHHHHHGGASKGEELFTGVVPILVELDGDVNGHEFSVRGEGEGDATEGELTLKFICTT GELPVPWPTLVTTLTYGVQCFSRYPDHMKQHDFFKSAMPEGYVQERTISFKDDGTYKTRA EVKFEGDTLVNRIELKGIDFKEDGNILGHKLEYNFNSHDVYITADKQENGIKAEFEIRHNVE DGSVQLADHYQQNTPIGDGPVLLPDDHYLSTESALSKDPNEDRDHMVLLEFVTAAGIDHG MDELYK (SEQ ID NO;
2); anda glutathione-S-transferase (−
40 GST) of amino acid sequence;
MGHHHHHHGGPPYTITYFPVRGRCEAMRMLLADQDQSWEEEVVTMETWPPLKPSCLFRQ LPKFQDGDLTLYQSNAILRHLGRSFGLYGEDEEEAALVDMVNDGVEDLRCKYATLIYTDY EAGKEEYVEELPEHLKPFETLLSENEGGEAFVVGSEISFADYNLLDLLRIHQVLNPSCLDAFP LLSAYVARLSARPEIEAFLASPEHVDRPINGNGKQ (SEQ ID NO;
34).
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Specification