Battery charger integrated circuit chip

• US 9,438,054 B2
• Filed: 05/01/2013
• Issued: 09/06/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 05/01/2013
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Apple Inc.
• Original Assignee: Apple Inc.
• Inventors: Patel, Parin, Greening, Thomas C., Tappan, Carl D.
• Primary Examiner(s): GRANT, ROBERT J
• Application Number:
  US13/875,106
• Publication Number:
  US 20140327410A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,224 Days
• Field of Search: 320/132
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00 Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00047 with provisions for charging different types of batteries
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00308 Overvoltage protection
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00309 Overheat or overtemperature protection
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0031 using battery or load disconnect circuits H02J9/002 takes precedence

Abstract

An on-chip digital communication interface circuit is to be directly coupled to a counterpart interface circuit of a separate battery-side gas gauge circuit. An on-chip battery charging control circuit controls battery charging voltage and current that is supplied from a separate power source interface circuit to a battery cell terminal, according to charging voltage and current limits. The charging limits are read from the gas gauge circuit and in effect carry out a selected one of several different battery charging profiles. Other embodiments are also described and claimed.

Claims

1. An integrated circuit (IC) chip comprising:

an on-chip power source interface to obtain power from a separate power source;

a digital single wire communication interface circuit on-chip with the power source interface and to be directly coupled to a counterpart interface circuit of a separate battery-side gas gauge circuit that is external to the IC chip; and

a battery charging control circuit on-chip with the power source interface and the digital single wire communication interface circuit to control battery charging voltage and current at a battery cell terminal, using power that is supplied by the power source interface,

the battery charging control circuit being coupled to the digital single wire communication interface circuit to read battery charging voltage and current limits from the gas gauge circuit that is external to the IC chip, and to use-control the charging of a battery in accordance with the battery charging voltage and current limits that have been read from the gas gauge circuit.

2. The IC chip of claim 1 further comprising on-chip registers that store the read battery voltage and current limits.

3. The IC chip of claim 1 further comprising a pass transistor circuit whose input is coupled to the power source interface and whose output is coupled to a battery terminal connection pin of the IC chip, wherein the battery charging control circuit is coupled to a control electrode of the pass transistor.

4. The IC chip of claim 1 further comprising an on-chip voltage regulator a) having an input coupled to the power source interface from which the regulator is to produce a regulated dc voltage and b) that is to supply power to external components.

5. The IC chip of claim 4 further comprising a pass transistor circuit whose input is coupled to the power source interface and whose output is coupled to a battery terminal connection pin of the IC chip, wherein the pass transistor circuit is biased continuously on during charging.

6. The IC chip of claim 1 comprising a further an on-chip digital communication interface circuit to be accessed by a separate processor.

7. The IC chip of claim 1 in combination with the separate battery side gas gauge circuit, wherein the battery charging control circuit is to be configured to control the charging of the battery in accordance with a selected one of a plurality of different battery charging profiles that is selected by the separate battery side gas gauge circuit, wherein the gas gauge circuit is to compute charging voltage and current limits based on present battery temperature, present usage cycle count, present battery voltage, and present battery state of charge determined by the gas gauge circuit itself, and to signal the computed charging voltage and current limits to the battery charging control circuit in response to periodic read requests received from the IC chip.

8. A portable electronic device comprising:

a battery having a battery cell, a battery temperature sensor and a battery-side gas gauge circuit;

a display screen;

a processor;

memory having stored therein an operating system and a plurality of application programs for execution by the processor;

a computer peripheral interface connector to connect with a separate pluggable power source; and

an integrated circuit (IC) chip that comprises an on-chip interface to the connector, an on-chip digital single wire communication interface circuit that is directly coupled to a counterpart interface circuit in the gas gauge circuit, and an on-chip battery charging control circuit to control battery charging voltage and current that is drawn in from the connector and that is directed to a terminal of the battery cell,

the battery charging control circuit a) being coupled to the digital single wire communication interface circuit to read charging voltage and current limits from the gas gauge circuit, and b) to use the read charging voltage and current limits to charge the battery cell according to a selected one of a plurality of different battery charging profiles that is selected by the gas gauge circuit.

9. The device of claim 8 wherein the on-chip interface to the connector has an input pin that is coupled to an output pin through a low impedance path,

and wherein the device further comprises a pass transistor circuit whose input is coupled to the output pin of the IC chip and whose output is coupled to the battery cell terminal, wherein the battery charging control circuit is coupled to a control electrode of the pass transistor circuit.

10. The device of claim 8 wherein the IC chip further comprises an on-chip voltage regulator a) having an input coupled to the connector from which the regulator is to produce a regulated dc voltage and b) that is to supply power to other components in the device.

11. The device of claim 8 wherein the IC chip comprises a further on-chip digital communication interface circuit for access by the processor.

12. The device of claim 8 wherein the battery side gas gauge circuit is to repeatedly compute charging voltage and current limits based on on-going measurements of present battery temperature, present usage cycle count, present battery voltage, and battery state of charge, and to signal the computed charging limits to the battery charging control circuit via the on-chip digital single wire communication interface circuit in response to periodic read requests received from the IC chip.

13. A method performed by an integrated circuit (IC) chip in a portable electronic device for charging a battery of the device, comprising:

accessing an on-chip battery charging limit register that is in direct digital communication, through a single wire communication interface, with a battery-side gas gauge circuit that is external to the IC chip, wherein the register contains the latest battery charging voltage and battery charging current limits that have been produced by the gas gauge circuit and obtained through the single wire communication interface; and

controlling a battery charging current and a battery cell voltage, using power that is drawn in from a separate power source and that is directed to a cell terminal of the battery, in accordance with one of a plurality of different battery charging profiles that is specified by the gas gauge circuit.

14. The method of claim 13 wherein each of the plurality of different battery charging profiles yields a different battery cell voltage curve vs. time or battery cell charge current vs. time, while charging the battery.

15. The method of claim 13 in combination with the following operations performed by the battery-side gas gauge circuit:

continually sensing present battery temperature, battery voltage and battery current;

maintaining a count of battery charge and discharge cycles; and

continually computing new battery charging voltage and battery charging current limits that correspond to the specified one of the different battery charging profiles, based on a) the charge and discharge cycles count, b) present sensed battery temperature c) present sensed battery voltage and d) the battery state of charge.

16. The method of claim 15 further comprising the following operations by the IC chip:

repeatedly reading from the gas gauge circuit, via the single wire communication interface, the computed, new battery charging voltage and battery charging current limits and storing them in the on-chip register as the latest battery charging voltage and battery charging current limits.

17. The method of claim 13 further comprising the following operation by the IC chip:

repeatedly reading from the gas gauge circuit via the single wire communication interface the latest battery charging voltage and battery charging current limits that have been produced by the gas gauge circuit, and storing them in the on-chip register.