Method and system for acquiring biosignals in the presence of HF interference

• US 9,439,601 B1
• Filed: 04/15/2015
• Issued: 09/13/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 07/13/2007
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: NeuroWave Systems Inc.
• Original Assignee: NeuroWave Systems Inc.
• Inventors: Saliga, Thomas V., Bibian, Stphane, Zikov, Tatjana
• Primary Examiner(s): BERHANU, ETSUB D
• Application Number:
  US14/687,159
• Time in Patent Office: 517 Days
• Field of Search: None
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 18/1402 Probes for open surgery
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00601 Cutting
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00839 Bioelectrical parameters, e.g. ECG, EEG
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/1412 Blade
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/30 Input circuits therefor
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/369 Electroencephalography [EEG] devices for psychotechnics A61B5/16
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/389 Electromyography [EMG]
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/398 Electrooculography [EOG], e.g. detecting nystagmus; Electroretinography [ERG]
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/4839 combined with drug delivery
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/7217 of noise originating from a therapeutic or surgical apparatus, e.g. from a pacemaker
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/7221 Determining signal validity, reliability or quality A61B5/7207 and A61B5/7217 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/725 using specific filters therefor, e.g. Kalman or adaptive filters A61B5/316 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 29/26 Measuring noise figure; Measuring signal-to-noise ratio

Abstract

The present invention, herein is a method and apparatus that significantly limits the effect of high frequency (“HF”) interferences on acquired electro-physiological signals, such as the EEG and EMG. Preferably, this method comprises of two separate electronic circuitries and steps or electronics for processing the signals. One circuit is used to block the transmission of HF interferences to the instrumentation amplifiers. It is comprised of a front-end active filter, a low frequency electromagnetic interference (“EMI”) shield, and an isolation barrier interface which isolates the patient from earth ground. The second circuit is used to measure the difference in potential between the two isolated sides of the isolation barrier. This so-called “cross-barrier” voltage is directly representative of the interference level that the instrumentation amplifier is subjected to. This circuit is used to confirm that the acquired signals are not corrupted by the interference.

Claims

1. A method of acquiring signals from a subject in the presence of high frequency (HF) electrical interference comprising the steps of:

attaching at least 2 electrodes to a subject;

acquiring signals from the subject using circuitry for rejection of HF electrical interference, with said circuitry comprising;

at least one active input filter, and

an isolation barrier where data is transmitted;

measuring the level of remaining HF electrical interference across said isolation barrier; and

transmitting the signals and measured interference level to a processor,

wherein said processor uses said measure of HF electrical interference to modify at least one behavior of the at least one active input filter.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the isolation barrier is a magnetic flux isolation barrier.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the at least one active input filter is a modified Sallen-Key filter.

4. The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of delivering an anesthesia or sedation drug to the subject during a surgery to reach and maintain a predetermined desired level of anesthesia or sedation using a closed-loop controller.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the signals acquired from the subject are one of those selected from the group consisting of electrocardiogram (ECG), electrooculogram (EOG), or electromyogram (EMG) signals.

6. The method of claim 1 wherein the circuitry further comprises a multistage amplification circuitry and an optimized low frequency shield.

7. A method of acquiring signals from a subject in the presence of high frequency (HF) electrical interference comprising the steps of:

attaching at least 2 electrodes to a subject;

acquiring signals from the subject using circuity for rejection of HF electrical interference, with said circuitry comprising;

at least one active, front-end input filter, and

a magnetic flux isolation barrier where data is transmitted;

measuring the level of remaining HF electrical interference across said isolation barrier; and

transmitting the signals to a processor,

wherein said processor uses said measure of HF electrical interference to modify at least one behavior of the at least one active, front-end input filter.

8. The method of claim 7, further comprising the step of delivering an anesthesia or sedation drug to the subject during a surgery to reach and maintain a predetermined desired level of anesthesia or sedation using a closed-loop controller.

9. The method of claim 7 wherein said signals acquired are one of those selected from the group consisting of electrocardiogram (ECG), electrooculogram (EOG), electromyogram (EMG), or electroencephalogram (EEG) signals.

10. The method of claim 7 wherein the at least one active, front-end input filter is a modified Sallen-Key filter.

11. The method of claim 7 wherein said signals acquired are electroencephalogram (EEG) signals.

12. A method of acquiring biopotential signals from a subject during surgery in the presence of high frequency (HF) electrical interference comprising the steps of:

attaching at least 2 electrodes to a subject;

acquiring and filtering biopotential signals from the subject using circuitry, with said circuitry comprising;

at least one active input filter for HF electrical interference rejection, and

a magnetic flux isolation barrier where data is transmitted;

measuring the level of remaining HF electrical interference across said isolation barrier; and

transmitting the biopotential signals to a processor,

wherein said processor uses said measure of HF electrical interference to modify at least one behavior of the at least one active input filter.

13. The method of claim 12 wherein said at least one active input filter passes signals with frequencies up to 56 kHz, but is a low pass filter that filters out portions of signals with frequencies above 56 kHz.

14. The method of claim 12 further comprising the step of delivering an anesthesia or sedation drug to the subject during surgery to reach and maintain a predetermined desired level of anesthesia or sedation using a closed-loop controller.

15. The method of claim 12, wherein said biopotential signals acquired from the subject are one of those selected from the group consisting of electrocardiogram (ECG), electrooculogram (EOG), or electromyogram (EMG) signals.

16. The method of claim 12 wherein the at least one active input filter is a modified Sallen-Key filter.