Interventional apparatus activated computed tomography (CT)

• US 9,439,606 B2
• Filed: 11/25/2011
• Issued: 09/13/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 12/09/2010
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. (Koninklijke Philips N.V.)
• Original Assignee: Koninklijke Philips N.V.
• Inventors: Schmitt, Holger, Grass, Michael
• Primary Examiner(s): Le, Long V
• Assistant Examiner(s): IMPINK, BRADLEY GERALD
• Application Number:
  US13/992,421
• Publication Number:
  US 20130261439A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,754 Days
• Field of Search: None
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2034/2055 Optical tracking systems
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2034/2059 Mechanical position encoders
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2034/2065 Tracking using image or pattern recognition
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2090/3945 Active visible markers, e.g. light emitting diodes
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 34/20 Surgical navigation systems; Devices for tracking or guiding surgical instruments, e.g. for frameless stereotaxis
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0084 for introduction into the body, e.g. by catheters A61B5/1459 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/055 involving electronic [EMR] or nuclear [NMR] magnetic resonance, e.g. magnetic resonance imaging
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/742 using visual displays A61B5/339 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/032 Transmission computed tomography [CT]
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/037 Emission tomography
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/12 Arrangements for detecting or locating foreign bodies
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/4423 related to hygiene or sterilisation
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/463 characterised by displaying multiple images or images and diagnostic data on one display
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/542 involving control of exposure
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/547 involving tracking of position of the device or parts of the device
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/0841 for locating instruments
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/463 characterised by displaying multiple images or images and diagnostic data on one display composite display in devices for short-range imaging with acoustic waves G01S7/52074
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 90/98 using electromagnetic means, e.g. transponders
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2025/0008 having visible markings on its surface, i.e. visible to the naked eye, for any purpose, e.g. insertion depth markers, rotational markers or identification of type
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2025/0166 Sensors, electrodes or the like for guiding the catheter to a target zone, e.g. image guided or magnetically guided
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 25/0108 : using radio-opaque or ultrasound markers
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 25/0113 : Mechanical advancing means, e.g. catheter dispensers
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 25/0127 : Magnetic means; Magnetic markers

Abstract

A system (100) includes an interventional apparatus (102) and an imaging scanner (101). The interventional apparatus includes a interventional instrument (204) configured to perform an image-guided interventional procedure for a patient. The interventional apparatus includes a position detector (122) that detects a position of the interventional instrument within a region of the patient at which the image-guided interventional procedure is performed from outside of the region of interest and generates a signal indicative of the detected position. The imaging scanner includes a controller (114) that activates the imaging scanner to scan the region of interest and the interventional instrument therein for one or more data acquisition cycles based on the movement signal.

Claims

1. A system, comprising:

an imaging scanner configured with an examination region and to scan the examination region;

an interventional apparatus including an interventional instrument affixed to a catheter, and configured for an image-guided interventional procedure of a patient with a region of interest positioned in the examination region of the imaging scanner, the interventional apparatus including a position detector configured for location outside the examination region that detects changes in position of the interventional instrument moving within the examination region based on movement of the catheter and generates a movement signal indicative of the detected changed position; and

wherein the imaging scanner includes a controller that activates the imaging scanner based on the movement signal from the interventional apparatus to scan the examination region for one or more data acquisition cycles.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the interventional apparatus comprises:

a sheath that is tubular with openings at each end and configured to provide an entry point into a tubular vessel of the patient;

wherein the catheter is configured to be fed through the sheath; and

wherein the position detector, affixed to one end of the sheath, detects movement of the catheter relative to the sheath indicative of the detected changed position of the interventional instrument and generates the movement signal according to the movement of the catheter.

3. The system of claim 2, wherein the movement signal indicates a distance that the catheter has traveled, and the controller activates the imaging scanner to scan the examination region in response to the distance satisfying a predetermined distance threshold.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein the controller automatically activates the imaging scanner to scan the examination region and reconstruct an image from the scan without user interaction.

5. The system of claim 1, wherein the position detector includes a mechanical based motion sensor that senses the movement of the catheter relative to the sheath.

6. The system of claim 1, wherein the position detector comprises:

at least one element configured for physical contact with the catheter and to rotate in coordination with the movement of the catheter through the sheath; and

a transducer that senses rotation movement of the at least one element and generates the movement signal indicative of the sensed rotation.

7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein a distance, of the rotational movement of the at least one element corresponds to a translational distance of the catheter.

8. The system of claim 2,

wherein the catheter comprises a plurality of protrusions spaced apart along a long axis of the catheter at predetermined distances from each other;

and

wherein the position detector comprises a transducer configured to detect each protrusion of the plurality of protrusions passing the transducer and to generate the movement signal indicative of the passing protrusions.

9. The system of claim 1, wherein the position detector includes an optical based motion sensor that senses the movement of the catheter.

10. The system of claim 9, wherein the catheter includes a pattern thereon that is responsive to light, and the optical motion sensor comprising:

a transmitter that transmits first light that illuminates the pattern on the catheter; and

a receiver that receives second light reflected off the pattern and generates the movement signal, which is indicative of the detected second light.

11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein changes in the pattern indicates a movement distance of the catheter.

12. The system of claim 1, wherein the position detector includes a radio frequency based motion sensor that senses the movement of the catheter.

13. The system of claim 12, wherein the catheter comprises an emitter configured to respond to reception of a signal having a predetermined wavelength, wherein, upon receiving the signal having the predetermined wavelength, the emitter emits a signal;

and

wherein the position detector comprises a transceiver that transmits the signal based on a predetermined periodicity and receives the emitted signal, and generates the movement signal, which is indicative of a changed signal strength of the received emitted signal.

14. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the signal strength of the emitted signal is indicative of a distance between the emitter and the transceiver and a change in the signal strength indicates a movement distance of the catheter.

15. A method, comprising:

generating, with a position detector of an interventional apparatus, a movement signal indicative of a distance an interventional instrument affixed to a catheter of the interventional apparatus moves within an examination region of an imaging scanner during an image-guided interventional procedure within a region of interest of a patient based on movement, of the catheter, wherein the position detector detects the moved distance of the interventional instrument from outside the examination region of the imaging scanner;

conveying the movement signal from the interventional apparatus to the imaging scanner used to generate images for the image-guided interventional procedure; and

controlling, with a controller of the imaging scanner, scanning by the imaging scanner of the examination region activated by the movement signal according to the interventional apparatus exceeding a predetermined threshold with the region of interest and the interventional instrument both positioned in the examination region.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein the interventional apparatus comprises a sheath that is tubular with openings at each end and configured to provide an entry point into a tubular vessel of the patient;

wherein the catheter is configured to be fed through the sheath; and

wherein the position detector, affixed to one end of the sheath, detects movement of the catheter relative to the sheath and generates the movement signal based thereon.

17. The method of claim 15, further comprising:

comparing the movement signal with a predetermined scanner activation threshold value; and

activating the image scanner to scan the examination region with both the positioned region of interest and the interventional instrument therein only in response to the movement signal satisfying the predetermined scanner activation threshold value.

18. The method of claim 17, wherein the image scanner is automatically activated according to the movement signal without human interaction.

19. The method of claim 15, further comprising:

displaying one or more images generated by the imaging scanner in response to scanning the examination region with both the region of interest and the interventional instrument therein.

20. A non-transitory computing readable storage medium encoded with computer readable instructions, which, when executed by one or more processors of a computing system, cause an imaging scanner to automatically scan an examination region of the imaging scanner with both a region of interest of a patient and an interventional instrument affixed to a catheter positioned therein, in response to a signal generated by a position detector that detects movement of a portion of the catheter located outside of the examination region satisfying a predetermined threshold, which is indicative of a movement of the interventional instrument within the region of interest.