Apparatus for performing a sensing application

• US 9,442,071 B2
• Filed: 04/24/2012
• Issued: 09/13/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 04/24/2012
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. (HP Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. (HP Inc.)
• Inventors: Barcelo, Steven, Li, Zhiyong, Bratkovski, Alexandre M., Kim, Ansoon
• Primary Examiner(s): Chowdhury, Tarifur
• Assistant Examiner(s): Gray, Sunghee Y
• Application Number:
  US14/394,287
• Publication Number:
  US 20150116706A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,603 Days
• Field of Search: 356/301, 356/72, 356/73, 356/33, 356/32, 436/501, 250/453.11, 422/69
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: B82Y 15/00 Nanotechnology for interacting, sensing or actuating, e.g. quantum dots as markers in protein assays or molecular motors
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 21/658 enhancement Raman, e.g. surface plasmons
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2201/06113 Coherent sources; lasers
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 977/954 Of radiant energy

Abstract

An apparatus for performing a sensing application includes a reservoir to contain a solution, a dispenser to dispense the solution from the reservoir, and a substrate having a plurality of nano-fingers positioned to receive the dispensed solution, in which the plurality of nano-fingers are flexible, such that the plurality of nano-fingers are configurable with respect to each other. The apparatus also includes an illumination source to illuminate the received solution, an analyte introduced around the plurality of nano-fingers, and the plurality of nano-fingers, in which light is to be emitted from the analyte in response to being illuminated. The apparatus further includes a detector to detect the light emitted from the analyte.

Claims

1. An apparatus for performing a sensing application, said apparatus comprising:

a reservoir to contain a solution;

a dispenser to dispense the solution from the reservoir;

a substrate having a plurality of nano-fingers positioned to receive the dispensed solution, wherein the plurality of nano-fingers are flexible, such that the plurality of nano-fingers are configurable with respect to each other;

an illumination source to illuminate the received solution, an analyte introduced around the plurality of nano-fingers, and the plurality of nano-fingers, wherein light is to be emitted from the analyte in response to being illuminated; and

a detector to detect the light emitted from the analyte;

wherein the dispenser is to dispense the solution onto a subset of the plurality of nano-fingers, and wherein the plurality of nano-fingers are positioned in sufficiently close proximity to each other to cause the subset of the plurality of nano-fingers to collapse toward each other as the solution evaporates through application of capillary forces onto the plurality of nano-fingers in the subset by the solution.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of nano-fingers comprise respective tips, said apparatus further comprising:

Raman-active material nano-particles attached to respective tips of the plurality of nano-fingers.

3. The apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the plurality of nano-fingers are to be collapsed toward each other such that the Raman-active material nano-particles attached to the respective tips of subsets of the plurality of nano-fingers are brought into close proximity or in contact with each other.

4. The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising:

a heating element to increase the rate at which the solution evaporates.

5. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the illumination source is to apply heat to the solution on the subset of the plurality of nano-fingers to substantially enhance evaporation of the solution.

6. The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising:

a movable stage; and

wherein the substrate is positioned on the movable stage, and wherein the movable stage is to be moved from a location to receive the solution from the dispenser to a location to be illuminated by the illumination source.

7. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the detector is to generate signals representative of the detected light, said apparatus further comprising:

a wireless interface to wirelessly communicate the signals to a destination receiver that is externally located with respect to a housing of the apparatus.

8. The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising:

a second reservoir to contain a second solution; and

a second dispenser to dispense the second solution from the reservoir onto a second subset of the plurality of nano-fingers that differs from a subset of the plurality of nano-fingers onto which the dispenser is to dispense the solution from the reservoir, wherein the illumination source is to further illuminate the dispensed second solution and wherein the detector is to detect light emitted from an analyte introduced around the second subset of the plurality of nano-fingers.

9. The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising:

a housing that encapsulates the reservoir, the dispenser, the substrate, the illumination source, and the detector, wherein the housing is sized for handheld use.

10. A method for performing a sensing application on an analyte introduced onto a plurality of nano-fingers, said method comprising:

dispensing, from a reservoir, a solution onto the plurality of nano-fingers, wherein Raman-active material nano-particles are attached to respective tips of the plurality of nano-fingers;

applying heat onto the solution to cause the solution to evaporate, wherein evaporation of the solution causes tips of adjacent ones of the plurality of nano-fingers to be drawn toward each other through capillary forces applied on the tips by the solution, and wherein molecules of the analyte are at least one of trapped between and positioned adjacent to the Raman-active material nano-particles attached to the respective tips that have been drawn toward each other;

illuminating the Raman-active material nano-particles and the analyte to cause enhanced Raman scattered light to be emitted from the analyte; and

detecting the enhanced Raman scattered light.

11. The method according to claim 10, further comprising:

converting the detected Raman scattered light into electrical signals; and

wirelessly communicating the electrical signals.

12. The method according to claim 10, wherein illuminating the plurality of nano-fingers further comprises illuminating the plurality of nano-fingers with an illumination source, and wherein applying heat onto the solution further comprises applying heat from the illumination source.

13. The method according to claim 10, said method further comprising:

dispensing, from a second reservoir, a second solution onto a second subset of the plurality of nano-fingers, wherein applying heat onto the solution further comprises applying heat onto the second solution;

illuminating the Raman-active nano-particles and the analyte around the second subset of the plurality of nano-fingers to cause enhanced Raman scattered light to be emitted from the analyte near the second subset of the plurality of nano-fingers; and

detecting the enhanced Raman scattered light emitted from the analyte near the second subset of the plurality of nano-fingers.

14. A non-transitory computer readable storage medium on which is stored machine readable instructions, that when executed by a processor are to implement a method for performing a sensing application on an analyte introduced onto a plurality of nano-fingers, said machine readable instructions comprising code to:

dispense, from a reservoir, a solution onto the plurality of nano-fingers, wherein Raman-active material nano-particles are attached to respective tips of the plurality of nano-fingers;

apply heat, by an illumination source, onto the solution to cause the solution to evaporate, wherein evaporation of the solution causes tips of adjacent ones of the plurality of nano-fingers to be drawn toward each other through capillary forces applied on the tips, and wherein molecules of the analyte are at least one of trapped between and positioned adjacent to the Raman-active material nano-particles that are attached to the respective tips that have been drawn toward each other;

illuminate, by the illumination source, the Raman-active material nano-particles and the analyte to cause Raman scattered light to be emitted from the analyte;

detect, by a detector, the Raman scattered light;

convert the detected Raman scattered light into electrical signals; and

communicate the electrical signals to a destination receiver.