Monitoring breathing via signal strength in wireless networks
First Claim
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1. A method for breathing rate estimation comprising:
- arranging a plurality of radio frequency sensors in a network around a subject within a structure;
measuring received signal strengths (RSS) between the plurality of radio frequency sensors, wherein the measured RSS is at least partially indicative of breathing of the subject;
determining a breathing rate estimation model based on information related to the measured signal strengths, wherein determining a breathing rate estimation model comprises;
calculating, with a computer processor, a power spectral density versus frequency of the measured RSS, andidentifying a frequency at which the power spectral density peaks,wherein the identified frequency correlates with the estimated breathing rate of the subject; and
displaying an estimate of a breathing rate of the subject using the breathing rate estimation model.
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Abstract
Systems and methods are disclosed for the use of sensor links in a network to estimate the breathing rate of a breathing subject within a structure, estimate the location of the subject within the structure, and detect if the subject is breathing. The structure may be a bed, a building, or a room in the building. The received signal strength of the sensor links is obtained and is then used in various breathing models to determine the breathing rate estimation, the location estimation, and the breathing detection.
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Citations
53 Claims
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1. A method for breathing rate estimation comprising:
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arranging a plurality of radio frequency sensors in a network around a subject within a structure; measuring received signal strengths (RSS) between the plurality of radio frequency sensors, wherein the measured RSS is at least partially indicative of breathing of the subject; determining a breathing rate estimation model based on information related to the measured signal strengths, wherein determining a breathing rate estimation model comprises; calculating, with a computer processor, a power spectral density versus frequency of the measured RSS, and identifying a frequency at which the power spectral density peaks, wherein the identified frequency correlates with the estimated breathing rate of the subject; and displaying an estimate of a breathing rate of the subject using the breathing rate estimation model. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15)
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16. A method for breathing detection comprising:
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arranging a plurality of radio frequency sensors in a network around a subject within a structure; measuring received signal strengths (RSS) between the plurality of radio frequency sensors, the received signals strengths is at least partially indicative of breathing of the subject; calculating a probability density function of a network-wide breathing statistic over all links of the plurality of radio frequency sensors for a given time unit, wherein the network-wide breathing statistic is calculated by a summing of RSS amplitudes over links in the network; comparing the probability density function to a user defined breathing threshold; and during time periods when the probability density function is below the threshold value indicating, on a digital display, that the subject is not breathing, and during time periods when the sum of the probability density function is above the threshold value indicating, on the digital display, that the subject is breathing. - View Dependent Claims (17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24)
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25. A method for estimating the location of a breathing subject within a structure comprising:
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obtaining a breathing rate estimate of a subject within a structure, the breathing rate estimate based at least in part on a measured signal strength obtained from a plurality of radio frequency sensors placed within the structure; identifying, with a breathing localization model, high amplitude links between one or more of the plurality of radio frequency sensors that generated higher amplitudes of signal strength than the other radio frequency sensors; identifying the link distance between the receiving portion and transmitting portion of each high amplitude link; mapping the detected high amplitude links and respective link distances to a pixel map representative of the structure; estimating the location of the subject within the structure based on the coordinates obtained from the pixel map; and displaying, on a digital display, an estimated location of the subject within the structure. - View Dependent Claims (26, 27, 28, 29)
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30. A system for breathing estimation comprising:
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a plurality of radio frequency sensors associated with a structure within which a breathing subject is located; and a computing system including a breathing rate estimation module, the breathing rate estimation module configured to obtain information related to received signal strengths between the plurality of radio frequency sensors and to perform the following; calculate, with a computer processor, a power spectral density versus frequency of the measured RSS; and identify a frequency at which the power spectral density peaks, wherein the identified frequency correlates with the estimated breathing rate of the subject; determine a breathing rate estimation model based on the measured signal strengths, wherein determining a breathing rate estimation model comprises; calculating, with a computer processor, a power spectral density versus frequency of the measured RSS, and identifying a frequency at which the power spectral density peaks, wherein the identified frequency correlates with the estimated breathing rate of the subject; and displaying an estimate of a breathing rate of the subject using the breathing rate estimation model. - View Dependent Claims (31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40)
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41. A system for breathing detection comprising:
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a plurality of radio frequency sensors associated with a structure within which a breathing subject is located; and a computing system including a breathing detection module, the breathing detection module configured to obtain information related to received signal strengths of the plurality of radio frequency sensors and to perform the following; calculate a network-wide breathing statistic over all links of the plurality of radio frequency sensors, wherein the network-wide statistic is calculated by a summing of RSS amplitudes over links in the network; comparing the sum of the RSS amplitudes to a user defined breathing threshold value; and when the sum of the RSS amplitudes is below the threshold value displaying on a digital display an indication that the subject is not breathing, and when the sum of the RSS amplitudes is above the threshold value displaying on the digital display an indication that the subject is breathing. - View Dependent Claims (42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47)
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48. A system for estimating the location of a breathing subject within a structure comprising:
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a plurality of radio frequency sensors associated with a structure within which a breathing subject is located; and a computing system including a breathing localization module, the breathing localization module configured to obtain information related to received signal strengths of the plurality of radio frequency sensors and to perform the following; obtain a breathing rate estimate of a subject within the structure, the breathing rate estimate based at least in part on the received signal strengths obtained from the plurality of radio frequency sensors placed within the structure; identifying high amplitude links between one or more of the plurality of radio frequency sensors that generated higher amplitudes of signal strength than the other radio frequency sensors; identifying the link distance between the receiving portion and transmitting portion of each high amplitude link; mapping the identified high amplitude links and respective link distances to a pixel map representative of the structure; and estimate the location of the subject within the structure based on the coordinates obtained from the pixel map; and displaying, on a digital display, an estimated location of the subject within the structure. - View Dependent Claims (49, 50, 51, 52, 53)
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Specification