Signal-activated circuit interrupter

• US 9,444,244 B2
• Filed: 11/25/2014
• Issued: 09/13/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 08/17/2011
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Danial L. Aalberg, Donald Randolph Hooper
• Original Assignee: Danial L. Aalberg, Donald Randolph Hooper
• Inventors: Hooper, Donald Randolph, Aalberg, Danial L.
• Primary Examiner(s): Nguyen, Danny
• Application Number:
  US14/552,929
• Publication Number:
  US 20150077243A1
• Time in Patent Office: 658 Days
• Field of Search: 361 42- 50
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 3/0069 relating to the isolation, e.g. ground fault or leak current
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 3/04 Cutting off the power supply under fault conditions protective devices and circuit arrangements in general H01H; H02H
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 31/54 Testing for continuity
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 17/06 Electric actuation of the alarm, e.g. using a thermally-operated switch
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 17/10 Actuation by presence of smoke or gases , e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
• CPC Class Codes: H01H 2239/054 Acoustic pick-up, e.g. ultrasonic
• CPC Class Codes: H01H 83/20 operated by excess current as well as by some other abnormal electrical condition
• CPC Class Codes: H01H 83/22 the other condition being imbalance of two or more currents or voltages
• CPC Class Codes: H02H 1/0007 concerning the detecting means in general G01R or other subclasses of G01; reed switches H01H71/2445
• CPC Class Codes: H02H 3/16 responsive to fault current to earth, frame or mass with balanced or differential arrangement H02H3/26 ; monitoring earth connection H02H5/105
• CPC Class Codes: H02H 3/165 for three-phase systems
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/14 Plug-in electric vehicles

Abstract

The current invention is an automatic AC power interruption system built into a portable apparatus or integrated into electrical systems and appliance control circuitry. Power is interrupted in potentially hazardous conditions, for example, when a T3 smoke detector alarm signal is detected. Alternatively, a portable device may be plugged into a power outlet having a GFCI breaker and, when a hazard alarm condition is detected, trip off power to the outlet. Signal-activated circuit interrupters (SACIs) may be integrated into appliance control circuitry and interrupt power to a problematic device when a hazard alarm condition is detected. In addition to fire prevention, other hazard alarm conditions may include alarms indicating toxic fumes, motor overload, natural gas, radon, or carbon monoxide. Interconnected networks of signal-activated circuit interrupters are also disclosed.

Claims

1. A method of fire prevention by coupling a signal-activated circuit interrupter onto an AC power circuit having an electrical connection to one or more electrical appliances prone to fire, the method comprising:

a. providing an AC electrical power outlet having at least one grounded female receptacle, a ground fault circuit interrupt device, and one or more power supply circuits wired in series to said ground fault circuit interrupt device, wherein said one or more power supply circuits are enabled to supply electrical power to one or more electrical appliances prone to fire;

b. providing a signal-activated circuit interrupter, said signal-activated circuit interrupter having;

i) a male connector with hot, neutral and ground prongs configured for engaging said at least one female receptacle of said AC electrical power outlet;

ii) a microphone enabled to receive an audio hazard alarm condition and to output an analog signal corresponding to said audio hazard alarm condition;

iii) a filter subcircuit electrically connected to said microphone, said filter enabled to reject non-specific microphone outputs and to output a digital hazard alarm signal when presented with said analog signal corresponding to said audio hazard alarm condition;

iv) a watchdog subcircuit enabled to receive said output from said filter subcircuit, to authenticate said digital hazard alarm signal, and to convey an authentication output signal to a trip subcircuit;

v) wherein said trip subcircuit is configured to receive said authentication output signal and controlledly short an effective amount of current from said hot prong to said ground prong so as to trip said ground fault circuit interrupt device;

c. plugging said signal-activated circuit interrupter into said at least one female receptacle; and

,

d. microphonically detecting an external audio alarm from said one or more electrical appliances prone to fire;

filtering, digitizing and authenticating said alarm; and

outputting an authentication output signal to said trip subcircuit;

thereby tripping said ground fault circuit interrupt device and cutting electrical power to said one or more electrical appliances.

2. The method of claim 1, comprising microphonically detecting an audio hazard alarm condition of a smoke alarm and outputting an authentication output signal, thereby tripping said ground fault circuit interrupt device.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein said audio hazard alarm condition is defined by a T3 smoke alarm signal having an audio frequency of about 520 Hz or about 3100 Hz with a pattern of pulses, said filter subcircuit comprising a phase lock loop and amplifier, and conveying said digital hazard alarm signal to said watchdog subcircuit.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein said hazard alarm condition is an audible smoke alarm signal having a frequency of about 3100 Hz in a continuous tone, and said watchdog signal is configured to authenticate any digital hazard alarm signal having a time duration of more than a pre-set time duration.

5. The method of claim 1, further comprising a subcircuit for displaying an alarm condition by illuminating an LED when said ground fault circuit interrupter is tripped.

6. The method of claim 1, further comprising a subcircuit for displaying a power status illuminator when said signal-activated interrupter circuit is powered up.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein said trip subcircuit comprises a TRIAC.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein said audio hazard alarm condition is associated with an audible natural gas alarm from a natural gas odor detector and said watchdog circuit is configured to authenticate any digital natural gas alarm signal having a time duration of more than a pre-set time duration.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein said signal-activated circuit interrupter is configured for

a. microphonically detecting an audible hazard alarm condition associated with a natural gas leak;

and in response to an audible tone from a natural gas odor detector;

b. tripping said ground fault circuit interrupt device, thereby cutting electrical power to a source of electrical spark-related ignition plugged into said electrical power outlet.

10. A method of reducing a carbon monoxide hazard condition by coupling a signal-activated circuit interrupter onto an AC power circuit powering one or more electrical appliances prone to carbon monoxide buildup, the method comprising:

a. providing an AC electrical power outlet having at least one grounded female receptacle, a ground fault circuit interrupt device, and one or more power supply circuits wired in series to said ground fault circuit interrupt device, wherein said one or more power supply circuits are enabled to supply electrical power to one or more electrical appliances prone to carbon monoxide buildup;

b. providing a signal-activated circuit interrupter, said signal-activated circuit interrupter having;

i) a male connector with hot, neutral and ground prongs configured for engaging said at least one female receptacle of said AC electrical power outlet;

ii) a microphone enabled to receive an audio hazard alarm condition associated with carbon monoxide buildup and to output an analog signal corresponding to said audio hazard alarm condition;

iii) a filter subcircuit electrically connected to said microphone, said filter enabled to reject non-specific microphone outputs and to output a digital hazard alarm signal when presented with said analog signal corresponding to said audio hazard alarm condition;

iv) a watchdog subcircuit enabled to receive said output from said filter subcircuit, to authenticate said digital hazard alarm signal, and to convey an authentication output signal to a trip subcircuit;

v) wherein said trip subcircuit is configured to receive said authentication output signal and controlledly short an effective amount of current from said hot prong to said ground prong so as to trip said ground fault circuit interrupt device;

c. plugging said signal-activated circuit interrupter into said at least one female receptacle; and

,

d. microphonically detecting an external audio alarm from said one or more electrical appliances associated with carbon monoxide buildup;

filtering, digitizing and authenticating said alarm; and

outputting an authentication output signal to said trip subcircuit;

thereby tripping said ground fault circuit interrupt device and cutting electrical power to said one or more electrical appliances prone to leak carbon monoxide.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein said audio hazard alarm condition is an audible alarm from a carbon monoxide detector and said watchdog circuit is configured to authenticate any carbon monoxide alarm signal based on a frequency and a duration of more than a pre-set duration.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein said signal-activated circuit interrupter is configured for:

a. microphonically detecting an audible hazard alarm condition associated with a carbon monoxide buildup; and

in response to an audible tone from a carbon monoxide detector; and

,

b. tripping said ground fault circuit interrupt device, thereby cutting electrical power to a source of electrical spark-related ignition plugged into said electrical power outlet.

13. An apparatus for preventing electrical ignition of a fire in AC power circuits having an electrical connection to one or more electrical appliances prone to fire, said apparatus comprising:

a. a signal-activated circuit interrupter comprising;

i) a male connector with hot, neutral and ground prongs configured to engage at least one female receptacle of an AC power circuit having a ground fault circuit interrupt device wherein one or more power supply circuits and at least one female receptacle are wired in series to the ground fault circuit interrupt device;

ii) a microphone enabled to receive an audio hazard alarm condition and to output an analog signal corresponding to said audio hazard alarm condition;

iii) a filter subcircuit electrically connected to said microphone, wherein said filter is enabled to reject non-specific microphone outputs and to output a digital hazard alarm signal when presented with said analog signal corresponding to said audio hazard alarm condition;

iv) a watchdog subcircuit enabled to receive said output from said filter subcircuit, to authenticate said digital hazard alarm signal, and to convey an authentication output signal to a trip subcircuit; and

,

b) wherein said trip subcircuit is configured to receive said authentication output signal and controlledly short an effective amount of current from said hot prong to said ground prong so as to trip said ground fault circuit interrupt device, thereby tripping said ground fault circuit interrupt device and cutting electrical power to said one or more electrical appliances.

14. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein said filter subcircuit comprises a plurality of filters that may be selected by a dipswitch.

15. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein plurality of filters are selected to output a digital hazard alarm signal corresponding to an audio hazard alarm condition selected from:

a) a smoke alarm;

b) a natural gas alarm;

c) a carbon monoxide alarm;

d) a flammable gas alarm;

e) a toxic fumes alarm;

f) a motor overload-associated chemical emission;

g) a ground fault alarm;

or

h) a radon alarm.

16. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein said filter subcircuit is configured to detect a T3 smoke alarm signal having an audio frequency of about 520 Hz or about 3100 Hz with a pattern of pulses, said filter subcircuit comprising a phase lock loop and amplifier for outputting a digital hazard alarm signal to a watchdog subcircuit.

17. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein said filter subcircuit is configured to detect a an audible smoke alarm signal having a frequency of about 3100 Hz in a continuous tone, and said watchdog signal is configured to authenticate any digital hazard alarm signal having a time duration of more than a pre-set time duration.

18. The apparatus of claim 13, further comprising a subcircuit enabled to illuminate an LED when said ground fault circuit interrupter is tripped.

19. The apparatus of claim 13, further comprising a subcircuit enabled to illuminate a power status illuminator when said signal-activated interrupter circuit is powered on.

20. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein said trip subcircuit comprises a TRIAC.

21. The apparatus of claim 13, further comprising a speaker for emitting an audio alarm signal having a unique signature, wherein said signal is enabled to propagate an alarm through a network of said signal-activated circuit interrupters, each said signal-activated circuit interrupters of said network further having a filter for activating when said unique signature is received by said microphone thereof.