Carbon dioxide removal system using absorption refrigeration

• US 9,447,996 B2
• Filed: 01/15/2013
• Issued: 09/20/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 01/15/2013
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: General Electric Technology GmbH (GE Aerospace)
• Original Assignee: General Electric Technology GmbH (GE Aerospace)
• Inventors: Dube, Sanjay Kumar
• Primary Examiner(s): Smith, Duane
• Assistant Examiner(s): HOLECEK, CABRENA L
• Application Number:
  US13/741,674
• Publication Number:
  US 20140196481A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,344 Days
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2252/102 Ammonia
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2258/0283 Flue gases
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 53/1475 Removing carbon dioxide
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 53/343 Heat recovery
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 53/62 Carbon oxides
• CPC Class Codes: F23J 15/06 of coolers
• CPC Class Codes: F23J 2215/50 Carbon dioxide
• CPC Class Codes: F25B 15/04 the refrigerant being ammonia evaporated from aqueous solution F25B15/025 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: F25B 15/06 the refrigerant being water vapour evaporated from a salt solution, e.g. lithium bromide F25B15/025 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: F25B 27/00 Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy F25B30/06 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: Y02C 20/40 of CO2
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 20/14 Combined heat and power generation [CHP]
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 20/16 Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 20/30 Technologies for a more efficient combustion or heat usage
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 20/32 Direct CO2 mitigation

Abstract

A carbon dioxide removal system includes a chilled ammonia carbon capture system; an absorber refrigeration system in fluid communication with the chilled ammonia system; and a heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) in fluid communication with the chilled ammonia system and the absorber refrigeration system.

Claims

1. A carbon dioxide removal system comprising:

a chilled ammonia carbon capture system (CAP);

an absorber refrigeration system in fluid communication with the chilled ammonia carbon capture system;

a heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) in fluid communication with the chilled ammonia carbon capture system and the absorber refrigeration system;

a refrigerant stripper and a reboiler both in fluid communication with the chilled ammonia carbon capture system, the absorber refrigeration system, and the HRSG; and

a CAP stripper condenser in fluid communication with the refrigerant stripper and the absorber refrigeration system.

2. The carbon dioxide removal system of claim 1, wherein the reboiler is configured to receive steam, and the refrigerant stripper is configured to receive a vapor stream comprising ammonia and water from the reboiler.

3. The carbon dioxide removal system of claim 2, further comprising a condenser and a first heat exchanger, wherein the condenser is configured to receive a vapor refrigerant from the refrigerant stripper to condense the vapor refrigerant using a cooling medium, and the first heat exchanger is configured to receive the liquid refrigerant from the condenser to cool the refrigerant.

4. The carbon dioxide removal system of claim 3, wherein the absorber refrigeration system is selected from the group consisting of a LiBr-water system and an ammonia-water system.

5. The carbon dioxide removal system of claim 3, wherein the absorber refrigeration system is configured to receive refrigerant from the first heat exchanger.

6. The carbon dioxide removal system of claim 5, further comprising a second heat exchanger, wherein the second heat exchanger is configured to receive a liquid stream comprising the refrigerant from the absorber refrigeration system to produce a heated liquid stream comprising the refrigerant.

7. The carbon dioxide removal system of claim 6, wherein the CAP stripper condenser is configured to receive the heated liquid stream from the second heat exchanger comprising the refrigerant from the absorber refrigeration system and wherein the refrigerant stripper is configured to receive the heated liquid stream from the CAP stripper condenser.

8. The carbon dioxide removal system of claim 2, further comprising a condenser and a first heat exchanger, wherein the condenser is configured to receive a vapor refrigerant from the refrigerant stripper, and the first heat exchanger is configured to receive a liquid refrigerant.

9. The carbon dioxide removal system of claim 1, wherein the absorber refrigeration system is configured to operate at an ambient wet bulb temperature greater than about 5°

C.

10. The carbon dioxide removal system of claim 9, wherein the absorber refrigeration system is configured to operate at an ambient wet bulb temperature greater than about 10°

C.

11. The carbon dioxide removal system of claim 9, wherein the absorber refrigeration system is configured to operate at an ambient wet bulb temperature greater than about 15°

C.

12. A method for reducing power consumed during a carbon capture process, comprising:

in a carbon dioxide removal system comprising;

a chilled ammonia carbon capture system;

an absorber refrigeration system in fluid communication with the chilled ammonia carbon capture system (CAP); and

a heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) in fluid communication with the chilled ammonia carbon capture system and the absorber refrigeration system;

contacting the chilled ammonia carbon capture system with the absorber refrigeration system without the use of a mechanical refrigeration system; and

further comprising;

providing a heated liquid stream comprising ammonia from the absorber refrigeration system to a CAP stripper condenser; and

providing the heated liquid stream from the CAP stripper condenser to a refrigerant stripper.

13. The method of claim 12, comprising contacting the chilled ammonia carbon capture system with the absorber refrigeration system without the use of a mechanical refrigeration system at an ambient wet bulb temperature of greater than about 5°

C.