Energy management in a building

• US 9,448,550 B2
• Filed: 07/27/2010
• Issued: 09/20/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 07/30/2009
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Commissariat a L'Energie Atomique (French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission)
• Original Assignee: Commissariat a L'Energie Atomique (French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission)
• Inventors: Ha, Duy Long
• Primary Examiner(s): DUNN, DARRIN D
• Application Number:
  US13/387,012
• Publication Number:
  US 20120179298A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,247 Days
• Field of Search: 700/17, 700/19, 700/286, 700/291, 700/295, 700/297
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: G05B 19/042 using digital processors G05B19/05 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G05B 2219/2642 Domotique, domestic, home control, automation, smart house

Abstract

Method for managing the energy of a building, comprising one or more occupants likely to be present therein, each determining a comfort desire for a given period, characterized in that it comprises a step for determining an overall comfort parameter for a given period on the basis of the comfort desire of each occupant present in the area of the building in the given period, this global comfort parameter being used to manage the energy on the basis of the comfort desires of the only occupants present in the building.

Claims

1. A method for managing an energy system of a building, comprising one or more occupants to be present in an area (i) of the building, each occupant determining a desired ambient temperature for a given period (k), wherein the method comprises

a step for determining a global thermal comfort criteria including an overall thermal sensation value Si (k) in area (i) for period (k), this value being defined from the desired ambient temperature of each occupant present in the building in the area (i) for period (k), and in that the method comprises a determination of heating or cooling in each area (i) for each period (k) in order to achieve the comfort criteria, based on meteorological forecasts for each period (k), using a thermal behaviour model of each area (i) of the building to link a temperature (T_i (k+1)) of an area (i) for a period (k+1) to a temperature (T_i (k)) of the area (i) in a preceding period (k), according to thermal constants of the building, of an energy (P_m (k)) supplied by an appliance during the period (k), of an outdoor temperature (Text (k)) in the period (k), of solar radiant (Φ

s (k)) affecting the area (i) for the period (k), by the following equation;

T_i(k+1)=A T_i(k)+B P_m(k)+C1 Text(k)+C2Φ

s(k)

in which A, B, C1 and C2 are matrices of the thermal behaviour of the building,

a step for determining a binary global occupancy parameter (O_i,k), representing presence or absence of at least one occupant in an area (i) of the building for a given period (k), which takes a zero value when absence and is equal to one when there is at least one occupant, and in that it takes into account a product of the global occupancy parameter (O_i,k) by the global comfort parameter for the management of the energy of the building based on the desired ambient temperature of the at least one occupant present in the area of the building concerned during the period (k), and

adjusting the energy system of the building using the determined global thermal comfort criteria and the determined binary global occupancy parameter (O_i,k).

7. A device for managing the energy system of a building, comprising one or more occupants to be present in an area (i) of the building, each determining a desired ambient temperature for a given period, comprising appliances consuming energy, wherein it comprises a means implementing a method for managing the energy of a building according to claim 1.

8. The device for managing the energy system of a building according to claim 7, wherein the means implementing the method for managing the energy of the building comprises on the one hand a calculator of a computer, which performs calculations of the method, and on the other hand a smart device (70, 70′

), linked to the computer by a communication means, which receives results from the computer and transmits control commands to at least one energy consuming appliance inside the building.

9. The device for managing the energy system of a building according to claim 8, wherein the smart device (70, 70′

) is a remote control, a communicating outlet or a communicating inverter.

10. The device for managing the energy system of a building according to claim 7, wherein the means implementing the method for managing the energy of the building is linked to one or more electronic diaries of potential occupants, or groups of occupants, or of areas of the building, or to at least one presence sensor, so as to be able to deduce therefrom the global occupancy parameter of the building.

11. A building, which comprises a device for managing its energy system which implements a management method according to claim 1.

12. The building according to claim 11, wherein it comprises a number of areas (80) each of which comprises a device for managing its energy, independent or linked by a central server (82).

13. The method for managing the energy system of a building according to claim 1, wherein the step for determining an overall thermal sensation value Si (k) for a given period (k) comprises the determination for each potential occupant (j) of a desired maximum ambient temperature (T_max^j (k)), of a desired minimum ambient temperature (T_min^j (k)) and of a desired ideal ambient temperature (T_opt^j (k)) for each period k, and in that it comprises a calculation of a desired average maximum ambient temperature (T_maxⁱ (k)), of a desired average minimum ambient temperature (T_minⁱ (k)) and of a desired average ideal ambient temperature (T_optⁱ (k)) for each area (i) of the building and for each period (k) according to the following equations:

15. The device for managing the energy system of a building according to claim 8, wherein the means implementing the method for managing the energy of the building is linked to one or more electronic diaries of potential occupants, or groups of occupants, or of areas of the building, or to at least one presence sensor, so as to be able to deduce therefrom the global occupancy parameter of the building.

16. The device for managing the energy system of a building according to claim 9, wherein the means implementing the method for managing the energy of the building is linked to one or more electronic diaries of potential occupants, or groups of occupants, or of areas of the building, or to at least one presence sensor, so as to be able to deduce therefrom the global occupancy parameter of the building.

2. A method for managing an energy system of a building, comprising one or more occupants to be present in an area (i) of the building, each occupant determining a desired ambient temperature for a given period (k), wherein the method comprises

a step for determining a global thermal comfort criteria including an overall thermal sensation value Si (k) in area (i) for period (k), this value being defined from the desired ambient temperature of each occupant present in the building in the area (i) for period (k), and in that the method comprises a determination of heating or cooling in each area (i) for each period (k) in order to achieve the comfort criteria, based on meteorological forecasts for each period (k), using a thermal behaviour model of each area (i) of the building to link a temperature (T_i (k+1)) of an area (i) for a period (k+1) to a temperature (T_i (k)) of the area (i) in a preceding period (k), according to thermal constants of the building, of an energy (P_m (k)) supplied by an appliance during the period (k), of an outdoor temperature (Text (k)) in the period (k), of solar radiant (Φ

s (k)) affecting the area (i) for the period (k), by the following equation;

T_i(k+1)=A T_i(k)+B P_m(k)+C1 Text(k)+C2Φ

s(k)

in which A, B, C1 and C2 are matrices of the thermal behaviour of the building,

wherein the step for determining an overall thermal sensation value Si (k) for a given period (k) comprises the determination for each potential occupant (j) of a desired maximum ambient temperature (T_max^j (k)), of a desired minimum ambient temperature (T_min^j (k)) and of a desired ideal ambient temperature (T_opt^j (k)) for each period k, and in that it comprises a calculation of a desired average maximum ambient temperature (T_maxⁱ (k)), of a desired average minimum ambient temperature (T_minⁱ (k)) and of a desired average ideal ambient temperature (T_optⁱ (k)) for each area (i) of the building and for each period (k) according to the following equations;

3. The method for managing the energy system of a building according to claim 2, wherein the management of the energy of an area (k) of the building comprises the minimization of the following sum:

Σ

_i=1^IΣ

_k=1^KSi(k)O_i,k.

4. A method for managing an energy system of a building, comprising one or more occupants to be present in an area (i) of the building, each occupant determining a desired ambient temperature for a given period (k), wherein the method comprises

a step for determining a global thermal comfort criteria including an overall thermal sensation value Si (k) in area (i) for period (k), this value being defined from the desired ambient temperature of each occupant present in the building in the area (i) for period (k), and in that the method comprises a determination of heating or cooling in each area (i) for each period (k) in order to achieve the comfort criteria, based on meteorological forecasts for each period (k), using a thermal behaviour model of each area (i) of the building to link a temperature (T_i (k+1)) of an area (i) for a period (k+1) to a temperature (T_i (k)) of the area (i) in a preceding period (k), according to thermal constants of the building, of an energy (P_m (k)) supplied by an appliance during the period (k), of an outdoor temperature (Text (k)) in the period (k), of solar radiant (Φ

s (k)) affecting the area (i) for the period (k), by the following equation;

T_i(k+1)=A T_i(k)+B P_m(k)+C1 Text(k)+C2Φ

s(k)

in which A, B, C1 and C2 are matrices of the thermal behaviour of the building,

wherein the method considers energy produced (E_q (k)) for a period (k) by one energy source (q) out of Q possible different energy sources, linked to the building, and the operation of one appliance (m) consuming energy (P_m (k)) for the period (k) out of the M appliances present in the building, and in that it seeks to optimize the energy consumption of the building by minimizing the sum

Σ

_q=1^QΣ

_k=1^K Cost_q(k)E_q(k)

in which Cost_q (k) represents the cost of an energy unit produced by a source (q) in the period (k);

and in that it checks the following energy balance;

5. The method for managing the energy system of a building according to claim 4, wherein it takes into account a maximum (E_q^max (k)) of the energy produced by a source (q) during a period (k) and a maximum (P_m^max (k)) of the energy injected by the appliance (m) during the period (k), by checking the following conditions:

P_m(k)≦

P_m^max(k)∀

mε

[1,M],kε

[1,K]

and E_q(k)≦

E_q^max(k)∀

qε

[1,Q],kε

[1,K].

6. The method for managing the energy system of a building according to claim 4, wherein it considers the minimization of the CO₂q (k) emissions by a source of energy production (q) during a period (k), by minimizing the sum

E_q=1^QΣ

_k=1^KCO_2q(k)E_q(k).

14. The method for managing the energy system of a building according to claim 5, wherein it considers the minimization of the CO₂q (k) emissions by a source of energy production (q) during a period (k), by minimizing the sum

Σ

_q=1^QΣ

_k=1^KCO_2q(k)E_q(k).