System and method for determining a position of a mobile unit

• US 9,451,404 B2
• Filed: 12/09/2013
• Issued: 09/20/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 12/12/2012
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Ahmad Al-Najjar
• Original Assignee: Ahmad Al-Najjar
• Inventors: Al-Najjar, Ahmad
• Primary Examiner(s): DOAN, KIET M
• Application Number:
  US14/440,284
• Publication Number:
  US 20150304816A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,016 Days
• Field of Search: 455/456.1, 455/456.2, 455/525, 455/456.5, 455/440, 455/41.2, 370/252, 370/208, 370/328, 701/526, 701/408
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 5/02521 using a radio-map
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 4/023 using mutual or relative location information between multiple location based services [LBS] targets or of distance thresholds

Abstract

A system (1200) and a method (700, 800) are provided for determining the position of a mobile unit (MU) in communication with a network in an environment. A database (720) is provided with coefficients of a polynomial function representative of a relationship between received signal strength indicators (RSSIs) of network access points (APs) and physical distances (PDs) between reference points and each AP. RSSIs are obtained (725) at the MU from the APs and a physical distance is calculated (730) between the MU and each AP based on the RSSIs and the coefficients for each AP. The position of the MU is next calculated (735) based on the calculated PDs. When the environment comprises sub-regions with variable signal propagation characteristics, the method (800) determines coefficients for each sub-region and determines the sub-region in which the mobile unit is located with a fingerprint positioning method (802).

Claims

1. A method of determining a position of a mobile unit in communication with a network that has at least three access points, the method comprising:

obtaining and storing location co-ordinates of a plurality of reference points and access points of the network;

calculating and storing a physical distance between each one of the reference points and each one of the access points based on their stored co-ordinates in a database;

obtaining and storing access point received signal strength indicators received at each one of the reference points in the database, wherein each of the access point received signal strength indicators provides an indication of the signal strength of a signal sent from one of the access points;

determining coefficients of a polynomial function by curve fitting, wherein the coefficients are representative of a relationship between the stored access point received signal strength indicators and the stored physical distance between the reference points and each one of the access points and wherein the curve is representative of the propagation of the stored access points in an offline mode;

obtaining received signal strength indicators at the mobile unit from the access points;

calculating a physical distance between the mobile unit and each of the access points based on the received signal strength indicators obtained at the mobile unit and the coefficients for each of the access points; and

calculating a position of the mobile unit based on the calculated physical distances between the mobile unit and each of the access points;

wherein determining coefficients further comprises processing the database storing the received signal strength indicators of the access points and the physical distances between the reference points and the access points, and outputting the coefficients.

2. The method of determining a position of a mobile unit, as claimed in claim 1, wherein the network is in an environment comprising sub-regions, and the step of determining coefficients further comprises determining coefficients for each sub-region respectively.

3. The method of determining a position of a mobile unit, as claimed in claim 2, comprising the further step of determining the sub-region wherein the MU is located with a fingerprint positioning method.

4. The method of determining a position of a mobile unit, as claimed in claim 3, wherein the fingerprint positioning method comprises the steps of finding a Nearest Neighbour using a Distance Method.

5. The method of determining a position of a mobile unit, as claimed in claim 4, wherein the Distance Method is City Block.

6. The method of determining a position of a mobile unit, as claimed in claim 1, further including informing the mobile unit the calculated position thereof.

7. The method of determining a position of a mobile unit, as claimed in claim 1, further including sending a message to the mobile unit, wherein the message is dependent on the calculated position of the mobile unit.

8. The method of determining a position of a mobile unit, as claimed in claim 1, wherein the network has more than three access points, and wherein calculating a two-dimensional position of the mobile unit is determined by a least squares method.

9. The method of determining a position of a mobile unit, as claimed in claim 1, wherein the calculating and storing a physical distance between each one of the reference points and each one of the access points is characterised by the physical distance being calculated by Pythagoras'"'"' right angle triangle theorem.

10. The method of determining a position of a mobile unit as claimed in claim 1, further comprising:

storing the determined coefficients of the polynomial function in the database; and

wherein the step of calculating a physical distance between the mobile unit and each of the access points further comprises calculating the physical distance based on the received signal strength indicators obtained at the mobile unit and the stored coefficients for each of the access points.

11. A system for determining a position of a mobile unit in communication with a network, the system comprising:

the mobile unit;

at least three access points providing radio communication links for the network;

a database;

obtaining means adapted to obtain and store in the database location co-ordinates of a plurality of reference points and the access points of the network;

to obtain and store in the database access point received signal strength indicators received at each one of the reference points, wherein each of the access point received signal strength indicators provides an indication of the signal strength of a signal sent from one of the access points; and

to obtain received signal strength indicators at the mobile unit from the access points;

determining means adapted to determine coefficients of a polynomial function in the database by curve fitting, wherein the coefficients are representative of a relationship between the stored access point received signal strength indicators and the stored physical distance between the reference points and each one of the access points and wherein the curve is representative of the propagation of the stored access points in an offline mode;

calculating means adapted to calculate and store in the database a physical distance between each one of the reference points and each one of the access points based on their stored co-ordinates;

to calculate a physical distance between the mobile unit and each of the access points based on the received signal strength indicators obtained at the mobile unit and the coefficients for each of the access points; and

to calculate a position of the mobile unit based on the calculated physical distances between the mobile unit and each of the access points;

wherein the determining means is further adapted to process the database storing the received signal strength indicators of the access points and the physical distances between the reference points and the access points, and to output the coefficients.

12. The system, as claimed in claim 11, wherein the network is in an environment comprising sub-regions, and the determining means is further adapted to determine coefficients for each sub-region respectively.

13. The system, as claimed in claim 12, wherein the determining means is further adapted to determine the sub-region wherein the MU is located with a fingerprint positioning method.

14. The system, as claimed in claim 13, wherein the determining means is further adapted to find a Nearest Neighbour using a Distance Method.

15. The system, as claimed in claim 14, wherein the Distance Method is City Block.

16. The system, as claimed in claim 11, wherein in operation the system provides for informing the mobile unit the calculated position thereof.

17. The system, as claimed in claim 11, wherein in operation the system provides for sending a message to the mobile unit, wherein the message is dependent on the calculated position of the mobile unit.

18. The system, as claimed in claim 11, wherein the network has more than three access points, and wherein calculating a two-dimensional position of the mobile unit is determined by a least squares method.

19. A method of determining a position of a mobile unit in communication with a network that has at least three access points, the method comprising:

obtaining and storing location co-ordinates of a plurality of reference points and access points of the network;

calculating and storing a physical distance between each one of the reference points and each one of the access points based on their stored co-ordinates;

obtaining and storing access point received signal strength indicators received at each one of the reference points, wherein each of the access point received signal strength indicators provides an indication of the signal strength of a signal sent from one of the access points;

determining coefficients of a polynomial function representative of a relationship between the stored access point received signal strength indicators and the stored physical distance between the reference points and each one of the access points;

obtaining received signal strength indicators at the mobile unit from the access points;

calculating a physical distance between the mobile unit and each of the access points based on the received signal strength indicators obtained at the mobile unit and the coefficients for each of the access points; and

calculating a position of the mobile unit based on the calculated physical distances between the mobile unit and each of the access points;

wherein the network is in an environment comprising sub-regions, and the step of determining coefficients further comprises determining coefficients for each sub-region respectively.

20. The method of determining a position of a mobile unit, as claimed in claim 19, wherein determining coefficients comprises a step of curve fitting, including processing a database storing the received signal strength indicators of the access points and the physical distances between the reference points and the access points, and outputting coefficients that are representative of a relationship between the stored received signal strength indicators and physical distances, wherein the curve is representative of the propagation of the stored access points in an offline mode.