Systems and methods for measuring electromechanical delay of the heart
First Claim
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1. A system for measuring electromechanical delay of the heart of a patient, the system comprising:
- a first PPG sensor configured for attaching to the patient at a first location and for generating a first PPG signal from the first location;
a second PPG sensor configured for attaching to the patient at a second location and for generating a second PPG signal from the second location, wherein the first and second locations are distal to the heart;
an EKG sensor configured for attaching to the patient and for generating an EKG signal;
a processor coupled to the first and second PPG sensors and the EKG sensor, wherein the processor is capable of;
determining a plurality of differential pulse transit time (DPTT) values, wherein each of the plurality of DPTT values is based on both the first and second PPG signals, wherein the first and second PPG signals indicate a pulse wave at the respective first and second locations distal to the heart,determining at least one EKG to PPG transit time value based at least in part on the EKG signal and the first PPG signal,determining a calibration coefficient using at least one DPTT value of the plurality of DPTT values and the at least one EKG to PPG transit time value, andcalculating an electromechanical delay value based at least in part on another DPTT value of the plurality of DPTT values and the determined calibration coefficient; and
an output device coupled to the processor.
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Abstract
Systems and methods are disclosed herein for measuring the electromechanical delay of the heart of a patient. An electrocardiogram (EKG) signal may be used to detect heart electrical activity. Photoplethysmograph (PPG) signals may be used to detect heart mechanical activity. The electromechanical delay may be calculated based at least in part on the timing of an EKG signal and at least two PPG signals.
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Citations
23 Claims
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1. A system for measuring electromechanical delay of the heart of a patient, the system comprising:
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a first PPG sensor configured for attaching to the patient at a first location and for generating a first PPG signal from the first location; a second PPG sensor configured for attaching to the patient at a second location and for generating a second PPG signal from the second location, wherein the first and second locations are distal to the heart; an EKG sensor configured for attaching to the patient and for generating an EKG signal; a processor coupled to the first and second PPG sensors and the EKG sensor, wherein the processor is capable of; determining a plurality of differential pulse transit time (DPTT) values, wherein each of the plurality of DPTT values is based on both the first and second PPG signals, wherein the first and second PPG signals indicate a pulse wave at the respective first and second locations distal to the heart, determining at least one EKG to PPG transit time value based at least in part on the EKG signal and the first PPG signal, determining a calibration coefficient using at least one DPTT value of the plurality of DPTT values and the at least one EKG to PPG transit time value, and calculating an electromechanical delay value based at least in part on another DPTT value of the plurality of DPTT values and the determined calibration coefficient; and an output device coupled to the processor. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 20, 21, 22)
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10. A method for measuring electromechanical delay of the heart of a patient, the method comprising:
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obtaining a first PPG signal using a first PPG sensor that is attached to the patient at a first location; obtaining a second PPG signal using a second PPG sensor that is attached to the patient at a second location, wherein the first and second locations are distal to the heart; obtaining an EKG signal using an EKG sensor that is attached to the patient; determining, using a processor, a plurality of differential pulse transit time (DPTT) values, wherein each of the plurality of DPTT values is based on both the first and second PPG signals, wherein the first and second PPG signals indicate a pulse wave at the respective first and second locations distal to the heart; determining, using the processor, at least one EKG to PPG transit time value based at least in part on the EKG signal and the first PPG signal; determining, using the processor, a calibration coefficient using at least one DPTT value of the plurality of DPTT values and the at least one EKG to PPG transit time value; and calculating, using the processor, an electromechanical delay value based at least in part on another DPTT′
value of the plurality of DPTT values and the determined calibration coefficient. - View Dependent Claims (11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 23)
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19. A non-transitory computer-readable medium for use in measuring electromechanical delay of the heart of a patient, the non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising:
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computer program instructions recorded thereon for causing a pulse oximeter to; obtain a first PPG signal from a first PPG sensor configured for attaching to the patient at a first location; obtain a second PPG signal from a second PPG sensor configured for attaching to the patient at a second location, wherein the first and second locations are distal to the heart; obtain an EKG signal from an EKG sensor configured for attaching to the patient; determine a plurality of differential pulse transit time (DPTT) values, wherein each of the plurality of DPTT values is based on both the first and second PPG signals, wherein the first and second PPG signals indicate a pulse wave at the respective first and second locations distal to the heart; determine at least one EKG to PPG transit time value based at least in part on the EKG signal and the first PPG signal; determine a calibration coefficient using at least one DPTT value of the plurality of DPTT values and the at least one EKG to PPG transit time value; and calculate an electromechanical delay value based at least in part on another DPTT value of the plurality of DPTT values and the calibration coefficient.
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Specification