Catalyst using Pd-Ru solid solution alloy fine particles

• US 9,452,417 B2
• Filed: 09/18/2013
• Issued: 09/27/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 09/18/2012
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Japan Science & Technology Trading Co. Limited
• Original Assignee: Japan Science & Technology Trading Co. Limited
• Inventors: Kitagawa, Hiroshi, Kusada, Kohei, Nagaoka, Katsutoshi, Sato, Katsutoshi, Kutubi, Md. Shahajahan
• Primary Examiner(s): CHU, YONG LIANG
• Application Number:
  US14/429,255
• Publication Number:
  US 20150231605A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,105 Days
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2255/1023 Palladium
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2255/1026 Ruthenium
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 53/9418 for removing nitrogen oxides by selective catalytic reduction [SCR] using a reducing agent in a lean exhaust gas
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 53/945 characterised by a specific catalyst
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 23/462 Ruthenium
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 23/63 with rare earths or actinides
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 35/23 in a colloidal state
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 35/30 characterised by their physical properties
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 37/0009 Use of binding agents; Moulding; Pressing; Powdering; Granulating; Addition of materials ameliorating the mechanical properties of the product catalyst
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 37/0036 Grinding
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 37/0063 Granulating
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 37/0211 using a colloidal suspension
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 37/08 Heat treatment B01J37/0009, B01J37/0018 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 37/16 Reducing
• CPC Class Codes: B22F 1/054 Nanosized particles
• CPC Class Codes: B22F 9/24 starting from liquid metal compounds, e.g. solutions
• CPC Class Codes: B82Y 30/00 Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
• CPC Class Codes: C07B 37/04 Substitution
• CPC Class Codes: C07C 1/321 the hetero-atom being a non-metal atom
• CPC Class Codes: C07C 15/14 all phenyl groups being directly linked
• CPC Class Codes: C07C 2523/44 : Palladium
• CPC Class Codes: C07C 2523/46 : Ruthenium, rhodium, osmium or iridium
• CPC Class Codes: C07C 37/16 : by condensation involving hydroxy groups of phenols or alcohols or the ether or mineral ester group derived therefrom
• CPC Class Codes: C07C 45/61 : by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups
• CPC Class Codes: C07C 45/64 : by introduction of functional groups containing oxygen only in singly bound form
• CPC Class Codes: C22C 1/0466 : Alloys based on noble metals
• CPC Class Codes: Y02A 50/20 : Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/12 : Improving ICE efficiencies

Abstract

The catalyst disclosed is a catalyst including palladium-ruthenium alloy fine particles in which palladium and ruthenium form a solid solution. The palladium-ruthenium alloy fine particles used in this catalyst can be produced by a production method including the step of maintaining a solution containing a protective agent, a reducing agent, a palladium compound or palladium ions, and a ruthenium compound or ruthenium ions at a temperature equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature.

Claims

1. A catalyst comprising palladium-ruthenium solid solution alloy fine particles in which palladium and ruthenium form a solid solution at an atomic level.

2. The catalyst according to claim 1, wherein the alloy fine particles have a composition represented by Pd_X—

Ru_1-X, where x satisfies 0.1≦

x≦

0.9.

3. A method of catalyzing carbon monoxide oxidation, comprising contacting carbon monoxide with the catalyst according to claim 1.

4. A method of catalyzing nitrogen oxide reduction, comprising contacting nitrogen oxide with the catalyst according to claim 1.

5. A method of catalyzing oxidation of hydrogen gas, comprising contacting hydrogen gas with the catalyst according to claim 1.

6. A method of catalyzing oxidation of hydrocarbon, comprising contacting hydrocarbon with the catalyst according to claim 1.

7. A method of catalyzing Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction, comprising contacting a compound A of formula R¹—

X and a compound B of formula R³-G with the catalyst according to claim 1, wherein

R¹ and R³ are each independently an aryl group;

X is halogen; and

G is —

B(OH)₂ or esters thereof, or —

BR^aR^b, wherein R^a and R^b are each independently an alkyl group.

8. The catalyst according to claim 1, wherein the solid solution alloy fine particles each have a fcc structure and a hcp structure, and the fcc structure and the hcp structure in each of the palladium-ruthenium solid solution alloy fine particles have substantially equal composition ratios.

9. The catalyst according to claim 8, wherein the solid solution alloy fine particles have a composition represented by Pd_X—

Ru_1-X, where x satisfies 0.3≦

x≦

0.7.

10. The method accordingly to claim 7, wherein R¹ is a phenyl group or a phenyl group to which a substituent is bonded.

11. The method according to claim 10, wherein the substituent is a trimethylsilyl group, a triflate group, or a tosyl group.

12. The method accordingly to claim 7, wherein R³ is a phenyl group or a phenyl group to which a substituent is bonded.

13. The method accordingly to claim 7, wherein the compound A has a structure of formula (I), and the compound B has a structure of formula (II)

14. The method accordingly to claim 7, wherein the compound A and the compound B are cross-coupled in a solvent in the presence of the catalyst according to claim 1 and a base.