Capacitive fingerprint sensing device with demodulation circuitry in sensing element

• US 9,460,576 B2
• Filed: 07/29/2015
• Issued: 10/04/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 12/22/2014
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Fingerprint Cards AB
• Original Assignee: Fingerprint Cards AB
• Inventors: Riedijk, Frank Robert
• Primary Examiner(s): NGUYEN, VINH P
• Application Number:
  US14/812,480
• Publication Number:
  US 20160180619A1
• Time in Patent Office: 433 Days
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 27/2605 Measuring capacitance capacitive sensors G01D5/24
• CPC Class Codes: G06V 40/1306 non-optical, e.g. ultrasonic or capacitive sensing
• CPC Class Codes: G07C 9/37 using biometric data, e.g. fingerprints, iris scans or voice recognition

Abstract

A capacitive fingerprint sensing system includes excitation signal providing circuitry and a plurality of sensing elements. Each sensing element includes a protective dielectric top layer, an electrically conductive sensing structure coupled to the excitation signal for providing a sensing signal indicative of a change of a charge carried by the sensing structure resulting from a change in potential difference between the finger and the sensing structure, and demodulation circuitry connected to the sensing circuitry for combining the sensing signal and a demodulation signal being timing-related to the excitation signal to provide a combined signal including a DC signal component indicating the change of the charge carried by the sensing structure. The fingerprint sensing system further includes readout circuitry connected to each of the sensing elements for providing a representation of the fingerprint pattern based on the DC signal component from each of the sensing elements.

Claims

1. A capacitive fingerprint sensing system for sensing a fingerprint pattern of a finger, said capacitive fingerprint sensing system comprising:

excitation signal providing circuitry for providing an excitation signal exhibiting a time-varying excitation potential including recurring changes from a first potential to a second potential and back to the first potential, in relation to a potential of said finger;

a plurality of sensing elements, each including;

a protective dielectric top layer to be touched by said finger;

an electrically conductive sensing structure arranged underneath said top layer, said sensing structure being coupled to said excitation signal providing circuitry to exhibit a time-varying sensing structure potential substantially following said excitation potential, wherein each of said changes of the excitation potential from said first potential to said second potential results in a change in potential difference between said finger and said sensing structure;

sensing circuitry connected to said sensing structure for providing a sensing signal indicative of a change of a charge carried by said sensing structure resulting from said change in potential difference between said finger and said sensing structure; and

demodulation circuitry connected to said sensing circuitry for combining said sensing signal and a demodulation signal being timing-related to said excitation signal to provide a combined signal including a DC signal component indicating said change of the charge carried by said sensing structure; and

readout circuitry connected to each of said sensing elements for providing a representation of said fingerprint pattern based on said DC signal component from each of said sensing elements.

2. The capacitive fingerprint sensing system according to claim 1, wherein said sensing circuitry comprises a charge amplifier comprising:

a first input connected to said sensing structure;

a second input connected to said excitation signal providing circuitry;

an output providing said sensing signal;

a feedback capacitor connected between said first input and said output; and

at least one amplifier stage between said first and second inputs, and said output,

said charge amplifier being configured in such a way that a potential at said first input substantially follows a potential at said second input.

3. The capacitive fingerprint sensing device according to claim 2, wherein said amplifier stage comprised in the charge amplifier comprises a sense transistor having a gate constituting said first input,

wherein said sense transistor is formed in a well in a semiconductor substrate, an interface between said well and said substrate being configured in such a way that current can be prevented from flowing between said well and said substrate,

wherein said excitation signal providing circuitry is connected to said well for changing a potential of said well from a third potential to a fourth potential, a difference between said third potential and said fourth potential being substantially equal to a difference between said first potential and said second potential, to thereby reduce an influence of a parasitic capacitance between said sensing structure and said well.

4. The fingerprint sensing device according to claim 3, further comprising a shielding structure arranged between said sensing structure and said substrate,

wherein said excitation signal providing circuitry is further connected to said shielding plate and configured to change a potential of said shielding plate from a fifth potential to a sixth potential, a difference between said fifth potential and said sixth potential being substantially equal to a difference between said first potential and said second potential.

5. The capacitive fingerprint sensing system according to claim 1, wherein said demodulation circuitry comprises signal multiplication circuitry for multiplying said sensing signal with said demodulation signal.

6. The capacitive fingerprint sensing system according to claim 1, wherein said demodulation circuitry further comprises a low-pass filter for allowing said DC signal component to pass while removing higher frequency components.

7. The capacitive fingerprint sensing system according to claim 1, wherein each of said sensing elements is configured to provide a maximum output current less than 10 μ

A.

8. The capacitive fingerprint sensing system according to claim 1, wherein said capacitive fingerprint system comprises a fingerprint sensor component comprising said plurality of sensing elements and said readout circuitry.

9. The capacitive fingerprint sensing system according to claim 8, wherein said fingerprint sensor component further comprises said excitation signal providing circuitry.

10. The capacitive fingerprint sensing system according to claim 8, wherein said excitation signal providing circuitry is arranged separate from said fingerprint sensor component and connected to said fingerprint sensor component for providing said excitation signal to a reference potential input of said fingerprint sensor component, to cause a reference potential for said fingerprint sensor component to vary in relation to the potential of said finger.

11. The capacitive fingerprint sensing device according to claim 1, wherein each of said sensing elements comprises timing circuitry connected to said excitation signal providing circuitry for:

providing a first excitation control signal to said excitation signal providing circuitry for triggering a first change in said potential difference at a first excitation transition time; and

providing a second excitation control signal to said excitation signal providing circuitry for triggering a second change in said potential difference at a second excitation transition time.

12. The capacitive fingerprint sensing device according to claim 11, wherein said timing circuitry comprises at least a first delay element for controlling said sensing element to transition from a first measurement state to a second measurement state at a transition time defined by a first event and a time delay in relation to said first event,

said first delay element having an input for receiving a first signal defining said first event and an output for providing a second signal defining said transition from the first measurement state to the second measurement state.

13. The capacitive fingerprint sensing device according to claim 1, wherein each of said sensing elements further comprises:

reset circuitry controllable to discharge the feedback capacitor; and

timing circuitry connected to said reset circuitry for controlling said reset circuitry between a reset state in which said feedback capacitor is discharged, and a measurement ready state in which said feedback capacitor can be charged to allow measurement of said change of the charge carried by said sensing structure.

14. A method of sensing a fingerprint pattern of a finger using a capacitive fingerprint sensing system comprising excitation signal providing circuitry;

and a plurality of sensing elements, each including;

a protective dielectric top layer to be touched by said finger;

an electrically conductive sensing structure arranged underneath said top layer; and

sensing circuitry connected to said sensing structure for providing a sensing signal indicative of a change of a charge carried by said sensing structure resulting from a change in potential difference between said finger and said sensing structure,

wherein said method comprises the steps of;

providing, using said excitation signal providing circuitry, an excitation signal to at least one of said finger and said sensing structure, to provide a time-varying potential difference between said finger and said sensing structure;

providing, by said fingerprint sensing system, a demodulation signal being timing-related to said excitation signal;

combining, by said fingerprint sensing system, said demodulation signal and said sensing signal to provide a combined signal including a DC signal component indicating said change of the charge carried by said sensing structure; and

providing, using readout circuitry external to said sensing elements, a representation of said fingerprint pattern based on said DC signal component from each of said sensing elements.

15. The method of claim 14, further comprising providing said combined signal including said DC signal component, from each of said sensing elements, to said readout circuitry, wherein the representation of said fingerprint pattern is based on said DC signal component included in said combined signal from each of said sensing elements.