Nonaqueous electrolytic solution and nonaqueous electrolyte battery using the same

• US 9,461,334 B2
• Filed: 03/25/2016
• Issued: 10/04/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 09/26/2013
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation (Mitsubishi Chemical Group Corp.), MU Ionic Solutions Corporation
• Original Assignee: Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation (Mitsubishi Chemical Group Corp.)
• Inventors: Ito, Kanako, Fujii, Takashi, Yamaguchi, Ryo, Nakamura, Takeshi, Watanabe, Hiromu, Sawa, Shuhei
• Primary Examiner(s): Barcena, Carlos
• Application Number:
  US15/080,933
• Publication Number:
  US 20160211553A1
• Time in Patent Office: 193 Days
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/052 Li-accumulators
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/0525 Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/0567 characterised by the additives
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/0568 characterised by the solutes
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 2300/0025 Organic electrolyte
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

An object of the invention is to provide nonaqueous electrolyte batteries having high initial efficiency, excellent initial capacity and excellent overcharge safety, and nonaqueous electrolytic solutions realizing such batteries. A nonaqueous electrolytic solution includes an electrolyte and a nonaqueous solvent, and further includes an aromatic compound represented by Formula (I) (in which R¹ to R⁵ are independently hydrogen, a halogen, or an unsubstituted or halogen-substituted hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, R⁶ and R⁷ are independently a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, at least two of R¹ to R⁷ may be bonded together to form a ring, and Formula (I) satisfies at least one of the requirements (A) and (B): (A) at least one of R¹ to R⁵ is a halogen, or an unsubstituted or halogen-substituted hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, (B) the total number of carbon atoms in R¹ to R⁷ is 3 to 20). A nonaqueous electrolyte battery includes the nonaqueous electrolytic solution.

Claims

1. A nonaqueous electrolytic solution, comprising:

an electrolyte and a nonaqueous solvent, the nonaqueous electrolytic solution further comprising an aromatic compound represented by Formula (I);

2. The nonaqueous electrolytic solution according to claim 1, wherein two of R¹, R⁶ and R⁷ in Formula (I) are bonded together to form a ring.

3. The nonaqueous electrolytic solution according to claim 2, wherein R¹ and R⁶ in Formula (I) are bonded together to form a ring.

4. The nonaqueous electrolytic solution according to claim 3, wherein the aromatic compound represented by Formula (I) is 1-phenyl-1,3,3-trimethylindane.

5. The nonaqueous electrolytic solution according to claim 2, wherein R⁶ and R⁷ in Formula (I) are bonded together to form a ring.

6. The nonaqueous electrolytic solution according to claim 5, wherein the aromatic compound represented by Formula (I) is 1,1-diphenylcyclohexane, 1,1-diphenylcyclopentane, or 1,1-diphenyl-4-methylcyclohexane.

7. The nonaqueous electrolytic solution according to claim 1, wherein at least one of R¹ to R⁵ in Formula (I) is a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.

8. The nonaqueous electrolytic solution according to claim 1, wherein the nonaqueous electrolytic solution comprises the aromatic compound of Formula (I) in an amount of 0.001 mass % to 10 mass %.

9. The nonaqueous electrolytic solution according to claim 1, wherein the nonaqueous electrolytic solution comprises two or more kinds of electrolytes.

10. The nonaqueous electrolytic solution according to claim 9, wherein the two or more kinds of electrolytes include at least one compound selected from the group consisting of monofluorophosphate salts, difluorophosphate salts, borate salts, oxalate salts, and fluorosulfonate salts.

11. The nonaqueous electrolytic solution according to claim 10, wherein the nonaqueous electrolytic solution comprises 0.001 mass % to 20 mass % of the at least one compound selected from the group consisting of monofluorophosphate salts, difluorophospbate salts, borate salts, oxalate salts, and fluorosulfonate salts.

12. The nonaqueous electrolytic solution according to claim 1, further comprising:

at least one compound selected from the group consisting of fluorine-comprising cyclic carbonates, sulfur-comprising organic compounds, phosphorus-comprising organic compounds, cyano group-comprising organic compounds, isocyanate group-comprising organic compounds, silicon-comprising compounds, aromatic compounds other than those of Formula (I), cyclic carbonates having a carbon-carbon unsaturated bond, fluorine-free carboxylate esters, cyclic ethers, and isocyanurate skeleton-comprising compounds.

13. The nonaqueous electrolytic solution according to claim 1, further comprising:

from 0.001 mass % to 20 mass % of at least one compound selected from the group consisting of fluorine-comprising cyclic carbonates, sulfur-comprising organic compounds, phosphorus-comprising organic compounds, cyano group-comprising organic compounds, isocyanate group-comprising organic compounds, silicon-comprising compounds, aromatic compounds other than those of Formula (I), cyclic carbonates having a carbon-carbon unsaturated bond, fluorine-free carboxylate esters, cyclic ethers, and isocyanurate skeleton-comprising compounds.

14. A nonaqueous electrolyte battery, comprising:

a negative electrode and a positive electrode capable of storing and releasing lithium ions, and the nonaqueous electrolytic solution according to claim 1.