Coaxial ion guide

• US 9,466,473 B2
• Filed: 03/13/2014
• Issued: 10/11/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 03/13/2013
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Micromass UK Ltd (Waters Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Micromass UK Ltd (Waters Corporation)
• Inventors: Giles, Kevin, Green, Martin Raymond, Wildgoose, Jason Lee
• Primary Examiner(s): Vanore, David A
• Application Number:
  US14/774,473
• Publication Number:
  US 20160042935A1
• Time in Patent Office: 943 Days
• Field of Search: 250/281, 250/282, 250/288, 250/291, 250/283, 250/290, 250/292, 250/293, 250/396.R
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 27/622 Ion mobility spectrometry
• CPC Class Codes: H01J 49/0031 Step by step routines describing the use of the apparatus H01J49/0081 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H01J 49/065 having stacked electrodes, e.g. ring stack, plate stack
• CPC Class Codes: H01J 49/4265 Controlling the number of trapped ions; preventing space charge effects
• CPC Class Codes: H01J 49/427 Ejection and selection methods

Abstract

A method of mass and/or ion mobility spectrometry is disclosed comprising: trapping ions in an annular or co-axial ion trap; and then axially ejecting at least some of said ions from said annular or co-axial ion trap into an annular ion guide. Ions trapped in the ion trap are distributed around the entire circumference of the annular or co-axial ion trap. As the ions travel along at least a portion of the length of the ion guide their motion around the circumference of the annular ion guide is unrestricted and the ions separate axially as they travel along the ion guide.

Claims

1. A method of mass or ion mobility spectrometry comprising:

trapping ions in an annular or co-axial ion trap to establish trapped ions, wherein the trapped ions are distributed around the entire circumference of the annular or co-axial ion trap; and

then

axially ejecting at least some of said trapped ions, to establish ejected ions, from said annular or co-axial ion trap into an annular ion guide, wherein the ejected ions separate axially as the ejected ions travel along the ion guide, and wherein as the ejected ions travel along at least a portion of the length of the ion guide a motion of the ejected ions around the circumference of the annular ion guide is unrestricted; and

then

converting the ejected ions from an ion beam having an annular shaped cross section to an ion beam having a non-annular shaped cross-section.

2. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the trapped ions are randomly distributed around the circumference of the ion trap or the ejected ions are randomly distributed around the ion guide.

3. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the trapped ions are radially confined between inner and outer electrodes in the annular or co-axial ion trap and RF or AC potentials are applied to said inner and outer electrodes in order to radially confine said trapped ions or wherein the ejected ions are radially confined between inner and outer electrodes in the annular ion guide and RF or AC potentials are applied to said inner and outer electrodes in the annular ion guide in order to confine said ejected ions.

4. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the trapped ions are radially confined between inner and outer electrodes in the annular or co-axial ion trap and each of the inner and outer electrodes comprises a plurality of axially separated or segmented electrodes or wherein the ejected ions are radially confined between inner and outer electrodes in the annular ion guide and each of the inner and outer electrodes in the ion guide comprises a plurality of axially separated or segmented electrodes.

5. A method as claimed in claim 1, comprising applying or maintaining a quadratic DC potential or other DC potential well along a longitudinal axial direction of said annular or co-axial ion trap in order to confine ions axially within said annular or co-axial ion trap.

6. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said annular ion guide comprises an ion mobility spectrometer or separator and wherein the ejected ions are separated according to ion mobility as the ejected ions pass along the ion guide.

7. A method as claimed in claim 1, comprising applying one or more transient DC voltages to said annular ion guide in order to urge ions along the axial length of said annular ion guide;

or

comprising applying one or more static DC voltages to said annular ion guide, or a static potential difference along at least a portion of the ion guide, in order to urge ions along the axial length of said annular ion guide.

8. A method as claimed in claim 1, comprising causing the ejected ions to be tunneled, funneled or otherwise focused towards an end of said annular ion guide, preferably after the ejected ions have separated axially.

9. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein a first end of said annular ion guide proximal to said annular or co-axial ion trap has an annular ion confining region in cross-section and wherein a second distal end of said ion guide has a non-annular, circular, rectangular or other ion confining region in cross-section.

10. A method as claimed in claim 1, comprising applying one or more DC voltages or potentials to one or more portions of said annular ion guide in order to cause ions to circumferentially redistribute and form a circumferentially compressed ion beam.

11. A method as claimed in claim 1, comprising applying one or more voltages to at least a portion of said ion guide so as to force ions circumferentially around the ion guide into an arcuate section of the ion guide that extends over only a portion of the circumference of the ion guide.

12. A method as claimed in claim 11, wherein the ion guide comprises one or more electrodes arranged circumferentially around the axis of the ion guide, and wherein one or more voltages are applied to these electrodes so as to drive ions circumferentially around the ion guide into the arcuate section.

13. A method as claimed in claim 1, comprising focusing or compressing ions in a focusing region of the ion guide, wherein the focusing region is maintained at a reduced pressure relative to a portion of said annular ion guide proximal to said ion trap.

14. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein a portion of said annular ion guide comprises circumferentially segmented inner electrodes or circumferentially segmented outer electrodes and wherein said method further comprises focusing ions, into an arcuate section of the ion guide, by applying different DC potentials or different RF pseudo-potentials to said segmented inner electrodes or said segmented outer electrodes.

15. A method as claimed in claim 1, comprising applying an axial potential barrier at circumferential regions of the ion guide such that ions cannot pass axially along the ion guide at the circumferential regions at which the barrier is located and ions can pass axially along the ion guide through an arcuate section of the ion guide where the barrier is not located.

16. A method as claimed in claim 15, wherein the potential barrier is extends at an angle between a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the ion guide and a direction perpendicular to said axis, such that as the ions move axially along the ion guide the ions are forced circumferentially around the ion guide by the barrier into the arcuate section.

17. A method as claimed in claim 1, comprising introducing the ions into the ion trap along the longitudinal axis of the ion trap.

18. A method as claimed in claim 1, comprising repeatedly performing a cycle of operation, wherein each cycle of operation comprises:

axially ejecting trapped ions from said ion trap into said ion guide, to establish axially ejected ions; and

accumulating and trapping different ions in the ion trap whilst the axially ejected ions are being separated in the ion guide.

19. A mass or ion mobility spectrometer comprising:

an annular or co-axial ion trap arranged and adapted to trap ions;

an annular ion guide; and

a control system arranged and adapted;

(i) to trap ions in said annular or co-axial ion trap, wherein ions trapped in the ion trap are distributed around the entire circumference of the annular or co-axial ion trap; and

(ii) to cause at least some ions within said annular or co-axial ion trap to be axially ejected from said annular or co-axial ion trap into said annular ion guide, to establish elected ions wherein as the ejected ions travel along at least a portion of the length of the ion guide the motion of the ejected ions around the circumference of the annular ion guide is unrestricted, and wherein the ejected ions separate axially as ejected travel along the ion guide;

wherein an electrode configuration of the spectrometer is arranged and configured to convert the ejected ions from an ion beam having an annular shaped cross section to an ion beam having a non-annular shaped cross-section.

20. A method of mass or ion mobility spectrometry comprising:

trapping ions in an annular or co-axial ion trap; and

then

axially ejecting at least some of said ions from said annular or co-axial ion trap into an annular ion guide.