Efficient lighting effects in design software

• US 9,471,719 B2
• Filed: 12/10/2012
• Issued: 10/18/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 12/10/2012
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Armstrong Word Industries Incorporated, Armstrong World Industries Incorporated, Dirtt Environmental Solutions
• Original Assignee: Dirtt Environmental Solutions
• Inventors: Howell, Joseph S.
• Primary Examiner(s): Crawford, Jacinta M
• Assistant Examiner(s): DOAN, PHUC N
• Application Number:
  US14/348,879
• Publication Number:
  US 20150302116A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,408 Days
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 17/10 Complex mathematical operations function generation by table look-up G06F1/03; evaluation of elementary functions by calculation G06F7/544
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0482 Interaction with lists of selectable items, e.g. menus
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/04842 Selection of displayed objects or displayed text elements G06F3/0482 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 30/13 Architectural design, e.g. computer-aided architectural design [CAAD] related to design of buildings, bridges, landscapes, production plants or roads
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 15/06 Ray-tracing
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 15/506 Illumination models
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 15/80 Shading
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 2210/04 Architectural design, interior design
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 2215/12 Shadow map, environment map

Abstract

A computerized method of for rendering a lighting effect can include receiving from a user inputs regarding the location of an object within a design space. Furthermore, the method can include receiving from the user one or more inputs regarding the location of one or more light sources within the design space. Additionally, the method can include calculating a lighting effect of the one or more lights on the object within the design space. Furthermore, the method can include rendering the lighting effect during a time interval that is independent of the number of the one or more light sources within the design space, such that rendering the lighting effect for one of the one or more light sources takes the same amount of time as rendering the lighting effect for a plurality of the light sources.

Claims

1. In a computerized architectural design environment in which a design program is loaded into memory and processed at a central processing unit, a computer-implemented method for rendering the lighting effects of a scene during a consistent time interval irrespective of the number of light sources within the scene, the method comprising:

receiving from a user one or more user inputs regarding a location of an object in a design space;

receiving from the user one or more user inputs regarding a location of one or more lights within the design space, wherein the one or more light sources project onto the object;

calculating a lighting effect of the one or more lights on the object in the design space, wherein calculating the lighting effect comprises;

generating a voxel that encloses at least a discrete portion of the object in the design space,

generating a first surface vector that extends from a first surface of the voxel and points in a first direction;

generating a second surface vector that extends from a second surface of the voxel and points in a second direction that is different than the first direction,

calculating first lighting information generated by the one or more light sources on the first surface by combining light source vectors extending from each of the one or more light sources and the first surface vector, wherein the first surface vector is normal to the surface of the voxel;

calculating second lighting information generated by the one or more light sources on the second surface by combining light source vectors extending from each of the one or more light sources and the second surface vector, wherein the second surface vector is normal to the second surface of the voxel; and

rendering at least the discrete portion of the object in the design space;

calculating a normal vector from a surface of the rendered discrete portion of the object;

rendering the lighting effect on the discrete portion of the object by interpolating a lighting effect from the first lighting information and the second lighting information based upon a relationship between the normal vector from the surface of the rendered discrete portion of the object and the first surface vector and the second surface vector, wherein the normal vector from the surface of the rendered discrete portion of the object is normal to the surface of the rendered discrete portion of the object, the first surface vector is normal to the first surface of the voxel, and the second surface vector is normal to the second surface of the voxel.

2. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein calculating a lighting effect of the one or more lights on the object in the design space comprises:

creating a volume map of the object within the design space by dividing the object in the design space into a plurality of discrete segments; and

calculating the lighting effect on at least one of the plurality of discrete segments.

3. The method as recited in claim 2, wherein calculating the lighting effect on the at least one of the plurality of discrete segments comprises associating an assigned surface vector with each of the plurality of discrete segments, wherein the assigned surface vector points in a particular direction.

4. The method as recited in claim 2, further comprising:

creating multiple volume maps of the object within the design space; and

calculating the lighting effect on the at least one of the plurality of discrete segments within each volume map.

5. The method as recited in claim 4, further comprising:

creating six volume maps of the object in the design space; and

associating assigned surface vectors with all of the discrete segments within each respective volume map, such that the assigned surface vectors within each respective volume map point in the same direction.

6. The method as recited in claim 5, further comprising:

associating with the discrete segments in a first volume map assigned surface vectors that point in a positive x direction;

associating with the discrete segments in a second volume map assigned surface vectors that point in a negative x direction;

associating with the discrete segments in a third volume map assigned surface vectors that point in a positive y direction;

associating with the discrete segments in a fourth volume map assigned surface vectors that point in a negative y direction;

associating with the discrete segments in a fifth volume map assigned surface vectors pointing in a positive z direction; and

associating with the discrete segments in a sixth volume map assigned surface vectors point in a negative z direction.

7. The method as recited in claim 6, further comprising rendering the lighting effect during a time interval that is independent of the number of the one or more light sources within the design space.

8. The method as recited in claim 1, further comprising:

calculating at least one ray extending from the first voxel to at least one light source within the scene;

determining that the at least one ray extending between the first voxel and the at least one light source in the scene intersects with a surface; and

calculating the lighting effect information based upon the intersection of the at least one ray with the surface, wherein the lighting effect information comprises a shading effect.

9. The method as recited in claim 8, further comprising storing the calculated shading effect within a volume map.

10. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein:

the normal vector from the surface of the rendered discrete portion of the object comprises a unit normal vector;

the first surface vector comprises a vector pointing in an axial direction within an x, y, z coordinate system;

the second surface vector comprises a vector pointing in a different axial direction within an x, y, z coordinate system; and

interpolating a lighting effect comprises multiplying the first surface vector and the second surface vector with the unit normal vector.

11. In a computerized architectural design environment in which a design program is loaded into memory and processed at a central processing unit, a computer-implemented method for rendering a lighting effect from one or mores light sources on an object within a design space, the method comprising:

receiving from a user one or more inputs regarding a location of the object in the design space;

calculating a voxel, wherein the voxel encloses at least a discrete portion of the object in the design space;

assigning a first surface vector to a first surface of the voxel, wherein the first surface vector is normal to the first surface;

assigning a second surface vector to a second surface of the voxel, wherein the second surface vector is normal to the second surface and points in a different direction than the first surface vector;

calculating first lighting information generated by the one or more light sources on the first surface of the voxel by combining light source vectors extending from the one or more light sources and the first surface vector;

calculating second lighting information generated by the one or more light sources on the second surface of the voxel by combining light source vectors extending from the one or more light sources and the second surface vector; and

rendering, using the first lighting information, the second lighting information, and a normal vector extending from a rendered surface of the portion of the object, the lighting effect on the discrete portion of the object in the design space.

12. The method as recited in claim 11, further comprising:

calculating a voxel map for at least the object in the design space, wherein the voxel map is associated with a plurality of light sources in the design space;

calculating a shading effect on the voxel, wherein calculating a shading effect on the voxel comprises determining whether any of a plurality of rays extending between the voxel and each of the plurality of light sources in the design space intersects with a surface.

13. The method as recited in claim 12, wherein rendering the lighting effect on the object in the design space comprises using the shading effect, the lighting information, and a normal vector of the discrete portion of the object to interpolate the lighting effect on the object in the design space.

14. The method as recited in claim 11, further comprising:

associating with discrete segments in a first volume map assigned surface vectors that point in a positive x direction;

associating with discrete segments in a second volume map assigned surface vectors that point in a negative x direction;

associating with discrete segments in a third volume map assigned surface vectors that point in a positive y direction;

associating with discrete segments in a fourth volume map assigned surface vectors that point in a negative y direction;

associating with discrete segments in a fifth volume map assigned surface vectors pointing in a positive z direction; and

associating with discrete segments in a sixth volume map assigned surface vectors point in a negative z direction.

15. The method as recited in claim 14, further comprising:

calculating a plurality of volume cube maps, wherein each volume cube map comprises one or more voxels that represent various portions of the design space; and

assigning to each volume cube map a surface vector, such that all of the one or more voxels within each respective volume cube map comprise the same surface vector.

16. The method as recited in claim 15, wherein rendering, using the lighting information, the lighting effect on the discrete portion of the object in the design space comprises using information from only three of the calculated volume cube maps.

17. The method as recited in claim 15, wherein assigning to each volume cube map a surface vector, comprises assigning surface vectors to the plurality of volume cube maps such that the surface vectors create a basis for a vector space.

18. The method as recited in claim 11, wherein the lighting effect is re-rendered a plurality of times without re-calculating either the shading effect or the light intensity.

19. The method of claim 11, wherein the normal vector comprises a unit vector.

20. A computer system for maintaining a real-time rendering time for rendering the lighting effects of a scene during a time interval that does not increase with respect to the number of light sources within the scene, comprising:

one or more processors; and

one or more computer-readable media having stored thereon executable instructions that when executed by the one or more processors configure the computer system to perform at least the following;

receive from a user one or more user inputs regarding a location of an object in a design space;

receive from the user one or more user inputs regarding a location of one or more light sources within the design space, wherein the one or more light sources project onto the object;

calculate a lighting effect of the one or more light sources on the object in the design space, wherein calculating the lighting effect comprises;

generating a voxel that encloses at least a discrete portion of the object in the design space,

generating a first surface vector that extends from a first surface of the voxel and points in a first direction;

generating a second surface vector that extends from a second surface of the voxel and points in a second direction that is different than the first direction,

calculating first lighting information generated by the one or more light sources on the voxel by combining light source vectors extending from each of the one or more light sources and the first surface vector, wherein the first surface vector is normal to the first surface;

calculating second lighting information generated by the one or more light sources on the voxel by combining light source vectors extending from each of the one or more light sources and the second surface vector, wherein the second surface vector is normal to the second surface;

rendering at least a portion of the object in the design space; and

calculating a normal vector from a surface of the rendered discrete portion of the object; and

render the lighting effect on the discrete portion of the object by interpolating a lighting effect from the first lighting information and the second lighting information based upon a relationship between the normal vector and the first surface vector and the second surface vector.