Device and method for removal of ambient noise signal from a photoplethysmograph

• US 9,480,407 B2
• Filed: 01/05/2012
• Issued: 11/01/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 01/20/2011
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Nitto Denko Corporation
• Original Assignee: Nitto Denko Corporation
• Inventors: Kumar, Senthil, Kassim, Md. Irwan bin Md., Kasamsook, Kittipong, Samsudin, Mohamad Sulhede Bin, Thaveeprungsriporn, Visit
• Primary Examiner(s): WINAKUR, ERIC FRANK
• Application Number:
  US13/884,527
• Publication Number:
  US 20130296666A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,762 Days
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2562/0247 Pressure sensors
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2562/227 Sensors with electrical connectors
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0059 using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence A61B5/0093, A61B5/1455, A61B5/02416 and A61B5/0261 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/02416 using photoplethysmograph signals, e.g. generated by infrared radiation A61B5/14552 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0295 using plethysmography, i.e. measuring the variations in the volume of a body part as modified by the circulation of blood therethrough, e.g. impedance plethysmography
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/1455 using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/14551 for measuring blood gases
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/6843 Monitoring or controlling sensor contact pressure
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/6898 Portable consumer electronic devices, e.g. music players, telephones, tablet computers
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/7203 for noise prevention, reduction or removal
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/7435 Displaying user selection data, e.g. icons in a graphical user interface
• CPC Class Codes: F04C 2270/041 Controlled or regulated
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2021/3144 for oxymetry
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 21/3151 using two sources of radiation of different wavelengths G01N21/33 - G01N21/39 take precedence

Abstract

A device and method for removal of ambient noise signal from a photoplethysmographic measurement is provided. The method comprises obtaining a first signal waveform based on detecting light based on a first light illumination; obtaining a second signal waveform based on detecting light based on a second light illumination; tuning the first light and second light illumination such that the maximum amplitudes of the first and second signal waveforms are maximized and within a predetermined saturation range, such that ambient light interference for the first and second signal waveforms is reduced; obtaining a third signal waveform based on detecting ambient light; obtaining respective maximum and minimum values of the first and the second signal waveforms; and deriving signal values of the first and second signal waveforms with the removal of ambient noise by subtracting AC and DC average values of the third signal waveform from the first and second signals.

Claims

1. A method for removal of ambient noise signal from an optical measurement, the method comprising:

obtaining a first signal waveform based on detecting light based on a first light illumination;

obtaining a second signal waveform based on detecting light based on a second light illumination;

tuning the first light and second light illumination such that the maximum amplitudes of the first and second signal waveforms are maximised and within a predetermined saturation range, such that ambient light interference for the first and second signal waveforms is reduced;

obtaining a third signal waveform based on detecting ambient light;

obtaining respective maximum and minimum values of the first and the second signal waveforms, said obtaining respective maximum and minimum values being performed at a plurality of identified sample points; and

deriving signal values of the first and second signal waveforms with the removal of ambient noise using the third signal waveform and by using the maximum and minimum values of the first and the second signal waveforms.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of obtaining the third signal waveform is performed with both the first and second light illumination switched off.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the first light illumination is based on a red light source and the second light illumination is based on an infra-red light source.

4. The method of claim 1, further comprising applying one or more optical filters to reduce ambient light interference.

5. The method of claim 1, further comprising toggling between switching on the first light illumination and switching on the second light illumination in a toggling sequence to obtain the first signal waveform and the second signal waveform.

6. The method of claim 5, further comprising switching off both the first light illumination and the second light illumination before or after the toggling sequence for obtaining the third signal waveform in an ambient light detection period.

7. The method of claim 5, further comprising switching off both the first light illumination and the second light illumination in a time period Δ

t during the toggling sequence to reduce crosstalk interference.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein said using the third signal waveform and using the maximum and minimum values of the first and the second signal waveforms comprises obtaining alternating-current (AC) values of the first, second and third signal waveforms based on the respective maximum and minimum values of the first and second signal waveforms at the plurality of identified sample points and maximum and minimum values of the third signal waveform.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein direct-current (DC) and the AC values of the third signal waveform are average values obtained over a plurality of cycles of different ambient light detection periods and for the average AC values of the third signal waveform, further based on the maximum and minimum values of the third signal waveform.

10. The method of claim 9, further comprising determining a ratio R based on using the DC and AC values of the first and second waveforms and the average values obtained for the third signal waveform, wherein the ratio R is usable for referencing a lookup table.

11. The method of claim 1, wherein said using the third signal waveform and using the maximum and minimum values of the first and the second signal waveforms comprises obtaining alternating-current (AC) values of the first and the second signal waveforms based on the respective maximum and minimum values obtained in one cycle at the plurality of identified sample points.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein direct-current (DC) and AC values of the third signal waveform are average values obtained over a plurality of cycles of different toggling sequences and ambient light detection periods.

13. The method of claim 12, further comprising determining a ratio R for the one cycle based on using DC and the AC values of the first and the second signal waveforms and the average values obtained from the third signal waveform, wherein the ratio R is usable for referencing a lookup table.

14. The method of claim 13, further comprising determining an average R value based on using the ratio R for the plurality of cycles, wherein the average R value is usable for referencing a lookup table.

15. The method of claim 1, wherein the light detected is reflected light.

16. A device for removal of ambient noise signal from an optical measurement, the device comprising:

a coupling member for receiving a first signal waveform obtained based on detecting light based on a first light illumination, a second signal waveform obtained based on detecting light based on a second light illumination, and a third signal waveform obtained based on detecting ambient light, the coupling member suitable for coupling to an optical measurement device; and

a processor module for obtaining respective maximum and minimum values of the first and the second signal waveforms, said obtaining respective maximum and minimum values being performed at a plurality of identified sample points, and

the processor being arranged to derive signal values of the first and second signal waveforms with the removal of ambient noise using the third signal waveform and by using the maximum and minimum values of the first and the second signal waveforms,

wherein the first and second light illumination are switched to a maximum intensity such that the maximum amplitudes of the first and second signal waveforms are maximised and within a predetermined saturation range, such that ambient light interference for the first and second signal waveforms is reduced.

17. The device of claim 16, wherein the third signal waveform is obtained with both the first and second light illumination switched off.

18. The device of claim 16, wherein the first light illumination is based on a red light source and the second light illumination is based on an infra-red light source.

19. The device of claim 16, wherein the optical measurement device is applied with one or more optical filters to reduce ambient light interference.

20. The device of claim 16, wherein the first signal waveform and the second signal waveform are obtained based on toggling between switching on the first light illumination and switching on the second light illumination in a toggling sequence.

21. The device of claim 20, wherein the third signal waveform is obtained based on switching off both the first light illumination and the second light illumination before or after the toggling sequence in an ambient light detection period.

22. The device of claim 20, wherein both the first light illumination and the second light illumination are arranged to be switched off in a time period At during the toggle sequence to reduce crosstalk interference.

23. The device of claim 16, for the using the third signal waveform and using the maximum and minimum values of the first and the second signal waveforms, the device comprises the processor further arranged to obtain alternating-current (AC) values of the first, second and third signal waveforms based on the respective maximum and minimum values of the first and second signal waveforms at the plurality of identified sample points, and maximum and minimum values of the third signal waveform.

24. The device of claim 23, wherein direct-current (DC) and the AC values of the third signal waveform are average values obtained over a plurality of cycles of different ambient light detection periods and for the average AC values of the third signal waveform, further based on the maximum and minimum values of the third signal waveform.

25. The device of claim 24, comprising the processor further arranged to determine a ratio R based on using the DC and AC values of the first and second waveforms and the average values obtained for the third signal waveform, wherein the processor is configured to use the ratio R for referencing a lookup table.

26. The device of claim 16, for the using the third signal waveform and using the maximum and minimum values of the first and the second signal waveforms, the device comprises the processor further arranged to obtain alternating-current (AC) values of the first and the second signal waveforms based on the respective maximum and minimum values obtained in one cycle at the plurality of identified sample points.

27. The device of claim 26, wherein direct-current (DC) and AC values of the third signal waveform are average values obtained over a plurality of cycles of different toggling sequences and ambient light detection periods.

28. The device of claim 27, comprising the processor further arranged to determine a ratio R for the one cycle based on using DC and the AC values of the first and the second signal waveforms and the average values obtained from the third signal waveform, wherein the ratio R is usable for referencing a lookup table.

29. The device of claim 28, comprising the processor further arranged to determine an average R value based on using the ratio R for the plurality of cycles, wherein the processor is configured to use the average R value for referencing a lookup table.

30. The device of claim 16, wherein the light detected is reflected light.

31. A non-transitory computer readable data storage medium having stored thereon computer code means for instructing a processor of a feedback unit to execute a method for removal of ambient noise signal from an optical measurement, the method comprising:

obtaining a first signal waveform based on detecting light based on a first light illumination;

obtaining a second signal waveform based on detecting light based on a second light illumination;

tuning the first light and second light illumination such that the maximum amplitudes of the first and second signal waveforms are maximised and within a predetermined saturation range, such that ambient light interference for the first and second signal waveforms is reduced;

obtaining a third signal waveform based on detecting ambient light;

obtaining respective maximum and minimum values of the first and the second signal waveforms, said obtaining respective maximum and minimum values being performed at a plurality of identified sample points; and

deriving signal values of the first and second signal waveforms with the removal of ambient noise using the third signal waveform and by using the maximum and minimum values of the first and the second signal waveforms.