Ultrasound scanning capsule endoscope

• US 9,480,459 B2
• Filed: 01/03/2014
• Issued: 11/01/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 03/26/2010
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Innurvation Incorporated
• Original Assignee: Innurvation Incorporated
• Inventors: Arneson, Michael, Bandy, William, Shanks, Wayne
• Primary Examiner(s): Cattungal, Sanjay
• Application Number:
  US14/147,124
• Publication Number:
  US 20140323867A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,033 Days
• Field of Search: 600437-469
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/12 in body cavities or body tracts, e.g. by using catheters catheters per se A61M25/00
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/4472 Wireless probes
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/4488 the transducer being a phased array
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 15/8915 using a transducer array
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 15/8993 Three dimensional imaging systems
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 7/003 Transmission of data between radar, sonar or lidar systems and remote stations
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 7/52017 particularly adapted to short-range imaging G01S7/53 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 7/52065 Compound scan display, e.g. panoramic imaging

Abstract

The present invention relates to ultrasound imaging on a capsule endoscope platform. It relates to the generation of a focused ultrasound acoustic signal and the receiving of echo signals from the wall of a body lumen with an array of acoustic transducers wrapped around the circumference of the capsule. It relates to sending the generated echo image signals to receiver devices attached or worn on the body. It relates to the generation of 360° overlapping sidewall ultrasound scans of a body lumen, and image processing techniques to assemble these scans into a high resolution continuous ultrasound image. Finally, it relates to the manufacture and assembly of such an ultrasound scanning capsule endoscope (USCE). The concept is extendable to conventional endoscopes and catheters.

Claims

1. An ultrasound scanning capsule endoscope, comprising:

a housing having a size that is ingestible; and

an ultrasonic transducer array, wrapped around a circumference of the housing, configured to transmit a plurality of ultrasonic signals and to receive a plurality of echo signals,

wherein wavelengths of the plurality of ultrasonic signals are configured to be a multiple of a center-to-center transducer element spacing between adjacent transducers in the ultrasonic transducer array; and

wherein the ultrasonic transducer array is further configured to;

determine a distance between the ultrasound scanning capsule endoscope and an intestinal wall of an animal, and

dynamically vary, based upon the distance, a number of transducer elements of the ultrasonic transducer array used to transmit the plurality of ultrasonic signals.

2. The ultrasound scanning capsule endoscope of claim 1, wherein the number of transducers is greater than a second number of transducers configured to receive the plurality of echo signals.

3. The ultrasound scanning capsule endoscope of claim 1, wherein the wavelengths are integer multiples of the center-to-center transducer element spacing.

4. The ultrasound scanning capsule endoscope of claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic transducer array is configured to enter into a receive mode of operation to receive the plurality of echo signals after transmitting the plurality of ultrasonic signals in a transmit mode of operation.

5. The ultrasound scanning capsule endoscope of claim 1, wherein a first group of transducers in the ultrasonic transducer array that is further away from a center of the ultrasonic transducer array is configured to provide respective ultrasonic signals from among the plurality of ultrasonic signals before a second group of transducers in the ultrasonic transducer array that are closer to the center.

6. The ultrasound scanning capsule endoscope of claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic transducer array is configured and arranged to form a plurality of quadrants around the circumference, each of the plurality of quadrants being configured to simultaneously image one or more voxels at a time around the circumference.

7. The ultrasound scanning capsule endoscope of claim 6, wherein each of the plurality of quadrants is further configured to sequentially image the one or more voxels until all circumference voxels have been imaged.

8. The ultrasound scanning capsule endoscope of claim 1, further configured to vary a scan rate of the ultrasonic transducer array with a change in the position of the ultrasound scanning capsule endoscope.

9. The ultrasound scanning capsule endoscope of claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic transducer array is configured to adjust the number of the transducer elements of the ultrasonic transducer array until the transducer elements receive an echo signal from among the plurality of echo signals in response to transmission of an ultrasonic signal from among the plurality ultrasonic signals.

10. The ultrasound scanning capsule endoscope of claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic transducer array is configured to determine the distance by echo detection.

11. An ultrasound scanning capsule endoscope, comprising:

an ultrasonic transducer phased array wrapped around a circumference of a housing configured to transmit an ultrasonic signal and to receive an echo signal;

wherein a wavelength of the ultrasonic signal is a multiple of a center-to-center transducer element spacing between adjacent transducers in the ultrasonic phased transducer array; and

wherein the ultrasonic transducer phased array is further configured to;

determine a distance between the ultrasound scanning capsule endoscope and an intestinal wall of an animal, and

dynamically vary, based upon the distance, a number of transducers in the ultrasonic transducer phased array used to transmit the ultrasonic signal.

12. The ultrasound scanning capsule endoscope of claim 11, wherein the number of transducers is greater than a second number of transducers configured to receive the echo signal.

13. The ultrasound scanning capsule endoscope of claim 12, wherein the wavelength is an integer multiple of the center-to-center transducer element spacing.

14. The ultrasound scanning capsule endoscope of claim 11, wherein the ultrasonic transducer phased array is configured to enter into a receive mode of operation to listen for the echo signal after transmitting the ultrasonic signal in a transmit mode of operation.

15. The ultrasound scanning capsule endoscope of claim 11, wherein transducers in the ultrasonic transducer phased array that are further away from a center of their respective phased array provide the ultrasonic signal before transducers in the ultrasonic transducer phased array that are closer to the center.

16. The ultrasound scanning capsule endoscope of claim 11, wherein the ultrasonic transducer phased array is configured and arranged to form a plurality of quadrants around the circumference, each of the plurality of quadrants being configured to simultaneously image one or more voxels at a time around the circumference.

17. The ultrasound scanning capsule endoscope of claim 16, wherein each of the plurality of quadrants is further configured to sequentially image the one or more voxels until all circumference voxels have been imaged.

18. The ultrasound scanning capsule endoscope of claim 11, further configured to vary a scan rate of the ultrasonic transducer phased array with a change in the position of the ultrasound scanning capsule endoscope.

19. The ultrasound scanning capsule endoscope of claim 11, wherein the ultrasonic transducer phased array is configured to adjust the number of the transducer elements of the ultrasonic transducer phased array until the transducer elements receive the echo signal in response to transmission of the ultrasonic signal.

20. The ultrasound scanning capsule endoscope of claim 11, wherein the ultrasonic transducer phased array is configured to determine the distance by echo detection.

21. A method, comprising:

determining a distance between an ultrasound scanning capsule endoscope and an intestinal wall of an animal;

dynamically varying, based upon the distance, a first number of transducers in an ultrasonic transducer array wrapped around a circumference of a housing of the ultrasound scanning capsule endoscope that are used to transmit an ultrasonic signal;

transmitting, by the first number of transducers, the ultrasonic signal having a wavelength that is a multiple of a center-to-center transducer element spacing between adjacent transducers in the ultrasonic transducer array; and

receiving, by the ultrasonic transducer array, an echo signal.

22. The method of claim 21, wherein the receiving comprises:

receiving, by a second number of transducers in the ultrasonic transducer array, the echo signal, the second number of transducers being less than the first number of transducers.

23. The method of claim 21, wherein the transmitting comprises:

transmitting by transducers in the ultrasonic transducer array that are further away from a center of the ultrasonic transducer array provide the ultrasonic signal before transducers in the ultrasonic transducer phased array that are closer to the center.

24. The method of claim 21, further comprising varying a scan rate of the ultrasonic transducer array with a change in the position of the ultrasound scanning capsule endoscope.

25. The method of claim 21, wherein the dynamically varying comprises:

adjusting the number of the transducer elements until the transducer elements receives the echo signal in response to transmission the ultrasonic signal.

26. The method of claim 21, wherein the determining comprises:

determining the distance by echo detection.