Off-ear detector for personal listening device with active noise control

• US 9,486,823 B2
• Filed: 07/14/2014
• Issued: 11/08/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 04/23/2014
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Apple Inc.
• Original Assignee: Apple Inc.
• Inventors: Andersen, Esge B., Goldstein, Andre L.
• Primary Examiner(s): BERNARDI, BRENDA C
• Application Number:
  US14/330,904
• Publication Number:
  US 20150310846A1
• Time in Patent Office: 848 Days
• Field of Search: None
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: B05B 7/0884 the outlet orifices for jets constituted by a liquid or a mixture containing a liquid being aligned
• CPC Class Codes: B05B 7/2429 the carried liquid and the main stream of atomising fluid being brought together after discharge B05B7/2435 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: B05B 7/2464 a liquid being fed by mechanical pumping from the container to the nozzle
• CPC Class Codes: B05B 7/2491 characterised by the means for producing or supplying the atomising fluid, e.g. air hoses, air pumps, gas containers, compressors, fans, ventilators, their drives
• CPC Class Codes: G10K 11/178 by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
• CPC Class Codes: H04R 1/22 for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only circuit for combining transducers having different responses H04R3/00; for hearing aids H04R25/407
• CPC Class Codes: H04R 2410/03 Reduction of intrinsic noise in microphones
• CPC Class Codes: H04R 3/04 for correcting frequency response

Abstract

In a personal listening device, an ANC system can benefit from a mechanism to detect an off-ear condition, which may be a situation in which the user of the personal listening device has moved an earphone or handset housing away from her ear. A detector may detect such a condition using signals from a touch sensor and/or a vibration sensor that are integrated in the earphone or handset housing, and in response power down the ANC system, or in the case of an adaptive ANC system slow down, or even freeze, the adaptation of one or more adaptive filters. The detector may operate during for example a phone call or during media file playback. Other embodiments are also described.

Claims

1. A method for acoustic noise cancellation (ANC) in a personal listening device, comprising:

performing an acoustic noise cancellation (ANC) process during in-the-field use of the personal listening device using an adaptive control filter to produce anti-noise by the personal listening device, the ANC process computing an adaptive path filter in accordance with an adaptive filter control algorithm, the adaptive path filter estimating a transfer function of a signal path between an earpiece speaker of the personal listening device and an error microphone that are configured to be located at a user'"'"'s ear;

making a first copy of the adaptive path filter;

detecting an off-ear condition using an adaptive path filter-based detection metric determined from information that is in the first copy of the adaptive path filter; and

one of a) slowing down or freezing adaptation of the adaptive control filter, or b) disabling the ANC process so as to power down the ANC process, in response to the off-ear condition being detected.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein detecting the off-ear condition comprises analyzing the first copy of the adaptive path filter in a frequency domain by comparing a strength of a frequency band to a threshold.

3. The method of claim 2 wherein analyzing the first copy of the adaptive path filter comprises:

bandpass filtering a response of the first copy of the adaptive path filter while stimulating the first copy of the adaptive path filter with a known signal;

computing a strength of the bandpass filtered response; and

comparing the strength of the bandpass filtered response to a threshold.

4. The method of claim 2 wherein analyzing the first copy of the adaptive path filter comprises computing an L2 norm of the first copy of the adaptive path filter and comparing the L2 norm to a threshold.

5. The method of claim 1 further comprising:

detecting an on-ear condition using one or more signals of a touch sensor and a vibration sensor; and

one of a) speeding up or unfreezing adaptation of the adaptive control filter, or b) activating the ANC process, in response to the on-ear condition being detected.

6. The method of claim 1 further comprising making a second copy of the adaptive path filter and filtering a reference microphone signal with the second copy of the adaptive path filter to produce a filtered reference microphone signal that is provided to an adaptive controller which is controlling a filter that produces an anti-noise signal.

7. The method of claim 1 wherein the adaptive path filter is an adaptive S_hat filter and the first copy of the adaptive path filter is a copy of the adaptive S_hat filter.

8. A personal listening device comprising:

an earpiece speaker that is configured to be located at a user'"'"'s ear;

an error microphone that is configured to be located at the user'"'"'s ear;

an acoustic noise cancellation (ANC) controller having an adaptive filter control engine that updates an adaptive control filter which produces an anti-noise signal when an ANC process is running, the ANC process computing an adaptive path filter in accordance with an adaptive filter control algorithm, the adaptive path filter estimating a transfer function of a signal path between the earpiece speaker and the error microphone, and making a first copy of the adaptive path filter; and

an off-ear detector that uses an adaptive path filter-based detection metric determined from information that is in the first copy of the adaptive path filter, to declare an off-ear condition for the personal listening device, wherein the ANC controller responds to the declared off-ear condition by one of a) slowing down or freezing the updating of the adaptive control filter, or b) becoming deactivated so as to save power.

9. The personal listening device of claim 8 wherein the off-ear detector analyzes a signal from a touch sensor or a vibration sensor that is integrated in an earphone or a handset housing of the personal listening device, in addition to analyzing a signal from the first copy of the adaptive path filter, to inform its decision to declare the off-ear condition.

10. The personal listening device of claim 8 wherein the off-ear detector analyzes the first copy of the adaptive path filter in a frequency domain by comparing a strength of a frequency band to a threshold.

11. The personal listening device of claim 10 wherein the off-ear detector analyzes the first copy of the adaptive path filter by computing an L2 norm of the first copy of the adaptive path filter and comparing the L2 norm to a threshold.

12. The personal listening device of claim 10 wherein the off-ear detector analyzes the first copy of the adaptive path filter by bandpass filtering a response of the first copy of the adaptive path filter while stimulating the first copy of the adaptive path filter with a known signal, computing a strength of the bandpass filtered response, and comparing the strength of the bandpass filtered response to a threshold.

13. The personal listening device of claim 8 wherein the adaptive path filter is an adaptive S_hat filter and the first copy of the adaptive path filter is a copy of the adaptive S_hat filter.

14. A personal listening device comprising:

an earpiece speaker that is configured to be located at a user'"'"'s ear;

an error microphone that is configured to be located at the user'"'"'s ear;

an acoustic noise cancellation (ANC) controller having an adaptive filter control engine that updates an adaptive control filter which produces an anti-noise signal when an ANC process is running, the ANC process computing an adaptive path filter in accordance with an adaptive filter control algorithm, the adaptive path filter estimating a transfer function of a signal path between the earpiece speaker and the error microphone, and making a first copy of the adaptive path filter; and

an on-ear detector that uses an adaptive path filter-based detection metric determined from information that is in the first copy of the adaptive path filter, to declare an on-ear condition for the personal listening device, wherein the ANC controller responds to the declared on-ear condition by one of a) speeding up or unfreezing the updating of the adaptive control filter, when the ANC process is running, or b) activating the ANC process, when the ANC process is not running.

15. The personal listening device of claim 14 wherein the on-ear detector analyzes a signal from a touch sensor or a vibration sensor that is integrated in an earphone or a handset housing of the personal listening device, in addition to analyzing a signal from the first copy of the adaptive path filter, to inform its decision to declare the on-ear condition.

16. The personal listening device of claim 15 wherein while the ANC process is running and the on-ear condition has been declared, the ANC controller is to speed up or unfreeze its continuing adaptation of the adaptive control filter, and while the ANC process is inactive and the on-ear condition is declared based on analyzing the signal from the vibration sensor and/or the touch sensor, the ANC controller is activated in response.

17. The personal listening device of claim 14 wherein the on-ear detector uses the adaptive path filter-based detection metric to declare the on-ear condition for the personal listening device by analyzing the first copy of the adaptive path filter in a frequency domain by comparing a strength of a frequency band to a threshold.

18. The personal listening device of claim 17 wherein analyzing the first copy of the adaptive path filter comprises:

bandpass filtering a response of the first copy of the adaptive path filter while stimulating the first copy of the adaptive path filter with a known signal;

computing a strength of the bandpass filtered response; and

comparing the strength of the bandpass filtered response to a threshold.

19. The personal listening device of claim 17 wherein analyzing the first copy of the adaptive path filter comprises computing an L2 norm of the first copy of the adaptive path filter and comparing the L2 norm to a threshold.

20. The personal listening device of claim 14 wherein the ANC process further makes a second copy of the adaptive path filter and filters a reference microphone signal with the second copy of the adaptive path filter to produce a filtered reference microphone signal that is provided to an adaptive controller which is controlling a filter that produces an anti-noise signal.

21. The personal listening device of claim 14 wherein the adaptive path filter is an adaptive S_hat filter and the first copy of the adaptive path filter is a copy of the adaptive S_hat filter.