Selecting between non-volatile memory units having different minimum addressable data unit sizes

• US 9,489,148 B2
• Filed: 03/13/2013
• Issued: 11/08/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 03/13/2013
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Seagate Technology LLC (Seagate Technology Holdings Plc)
• Original Assignee: Seagate Technology LLC (Seagate Technology Holdings Plc)
• Inventors: Goss, Ryan James, Trantham, Jon D., Khoueir, Antoine, Ebsen, David Scott, Gaertner, Mark Allen, Gomez, Kevin
• Primary Examiner(s): DUDEK JR, EDWARD J
• Application Number:
  US13/802,192
• Publication Number:
  US 20140281280A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,336 Days
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 2212/7202 Allocation control and policies
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 2212/7208 Multiple device management, e.g. distributing data over multiple flash devices
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/061 Improving I/O performance
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0631 by allocating resources to storage systems
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0643 Management of files
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/067 Distributed or networked storage systems, e.g. storage area networks [SAN], network attached storage [NAS]
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0688 Non-volatile semiconductor memory arrays

Abstract

An apparatus includes a controller capable of being coupled to a host interface and a memory device. The memory device includes two or more non-hierarchical, non-volatile memory units having different minimum addressable data unit sizes. The controller is configured to at least perform determining a workload indicator of a data object being stored in the memory device via the host interface. The controller selects one of the memory units in response to the workload indicator of the data object corresponding to the minimum addressable data unit size of the selected memory unit corresponding to the workload indicator. The data object is stored in the selected memory unit in response thereto.

Claims

1. An apparatus comprising:

a controller capable of being coupled to a host interface and a memory device comprising two or more non-hierarchical, non-volatile memory units having a composite characteristic based on different minimum addressable data unit sizes and an endurance metric, the two or more memory units comprising a first unit of flash memory and a second unit of non-flash memory, the controller configured to at least perform;

determining a workload indicator of a data object being stored in the memory device via the host interface;

select one of the memory units in response to the workload indicator of the data object corresponding the composite characteristic of the selected memory unit corresponding to the workload indicator, wherein the endurance metric dominates the composite characteristic when an endurance of at least one of the two or memory units reaches a threshold value; and

store the data object in the selected memory unit in response thereto.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein at least one of the memory units is addressable at an individual bit level.

3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the workload indicator comprises a randomness measure of the data object, wherein objects having relatively higher randomness correspond to the memory units having relatively smaller minimum addressable data unit sizes.

4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the workload indicator comprises a level and/or frequency of recent activity related to the data object, wherein objects having relatively higher levels and/or frequency of recent activity correspond to the memory units having relatively smaller minimum addressable data unit sizes.

5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the host interface provides access to logical blocks of a uniform logical block size, wherein at least one of the different minimum addressable data unit sizes is smaller than the uniform logical block size.

6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the two or more memory units have at least one other different characteristic that includes any combination of throughput metric, latency metric, and space available metric, and, wherein the composite characteristic is further based on the at least one other different characteristic.

7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the space available metric dominates the composite characteristic when the space available of at least one of the memory units reaches a threshold value.

8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein at least one of the memory units comprises a resistive memory unit.

9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the controller is further configured to:

determine whether a second data object is temporally related to the first data object;

if it is determined that the second data object is temporally related to the first data object, store the second data object in the selected memory unit to cause the second data object to have spatial locality with the first data object; and

if it is determined that the second data object is not temporally related to the first data object, select one of the memory units to store the second data object based on a workload indicator of the second data object.

10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the second data object is stored in the selected memory unit if it is determined that the data object is both temporally and spatially related to the first data object.

19. A non-transitory computer readable medium storing instructions that are operable by a processor to perform the method of claim 1.

11. A method, comprising:

determining a workload indicator of a data object that is a subject of a host command;

selecting a memory unit of two or more non-hierarchical, non-volatile memory units having composite characteristics based on different minimum addressable data unit sizes and endurance metrics, in response to the workload indicator of the data object corresponding the composite characteristics of the selected memory unit corresponding to the workload indicator, the two or more memory units comprising a first unit of flash memory and a second unit of non-flash memory, wherein the endurance metrics dominate the composite characteristics when an endurance of at least one of the two or more memory units reaches a threshold value; and

storing the data object in the selected memory unit in response thereto.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein at least one of the memory units is addressable at an individual bit level.

13. The method of claim 11, wherein the workload indicator comprises a level and/or frequency of recent activity related to the data object, wherein objects having relatively higher levels and/or frequency of recent activity correspond to the memory units having relatively smaller minimum addressable data unit sizes.

14. The method of claim 11, wherein the workload indicator comprises a randomness measure of the data object, wherein objects having relatively higher randomness correspond to the memory units having relatively smaller minimum addressable data unit sizes.

15. The method of claim 11, wherein the workload indicator comprises a temporal locality metric.

16. The method of claim 11, wherein the two or more memory units have at least one other different characteristic that includes any combination of throughput metric, latency metric, and space available metric, and, wherein the composite characteristic is further based on the at least one other different characteristic.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein the space available metric dominates the composite characteristic when the space available of at least one of the memory units reaches a threshold value.

18. The method of claim 11, further comprising:

determining whether a second data object is temporally related to the first data object;

if it is determined that the second data object is temporally related to the first data object, storing the second data object in the selected memory unit to cause the second data object to have spatial locality with the first data object; and

if it is determined that the second data object is not temporally related to the first data object, selecting one of the memory units to store the second data object based on a workload indicator of the second data object.

20. A system comprising:

two or more non-hierarchical, non-volatile memory units having composite characteristics based on different minimum addressable data unit sizes and endurance metrics, the two or more memory units comprising a first unit of flash memory and a second unit of non-flash memory;

means for determining a workload indicator of a data object that is a subject of a host command;

means for selecting a memory unit of the two or more memory units in response to the workload indicator of the data object corresponding to the composite characteristics of the selected memory unit corresponding to the workload indicator, wherein the endurance metrics dominate the composite characteristics when an endurance of at least one of the two or more memory units reaches a threshold value; and

means for storing the data object in the selected memory unit in response thereto.