Wireless power transmission for battery charging

• US 9,496,746 B2
• Filed: 05/14/2014
• Issued: 11/15/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 05/15/2013
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Board of Regents of the University of Michigan (University of Michigan)
• Original Assignee: Board of Regents of the University of Michigan (University of Michigan)
• Inventors: Mi, Chris, Li, Siqi, Nguyen, Trong-Duy, Wang, Junhua, Li, Jiangui, Li, Weihan, Xu, Jun
• Primary Examiner(s): Pelton, Nathaniel
• Application Number:
  US14/277,288
• Publication Number:
  US 20140340031A1
• Time in Patent Office: 916 Days
• Field of Search: 320/108, 320/103
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/38 specially adapted for charging by inductive energy transfer
• CPC Class Codes: H01F 27/2871 Pancake coils
• CPC Class Codes: H01F 27/40 Structural association with built-in electric component, e.g. fuse
• CPC Class Codes: H01F 3/10 Composite arrangements of magnetic circuits
• CPC Class Codes: H01F 38/14 Inductive couplings for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling H02J50/10
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/005 Mechanical details of housing or structure aiming to accommodate the power transfer means, e.g. mechanical integration of coils, antennas or transducers into emitting or receiving devices
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/10 using inductive coupling
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/12 of the resonant type
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/402 the two or more transmitting or the two or more receiving devices being integrated in the same unit, e.g. power mats with several coils or antennas with several sub-antennas
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/90 involving detection or optimisation of position, e.g. alignment
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0042 characterised by the mechanical construction
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/342 The other DC source being a battery actively interacting with the first one, i.e. battery to battery charging with circuits for polarity protection H02J7/0034
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 5/79 for data transfer in combination with power transfer
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/12 Electric charging stations
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/14 Plug-in electric vehicles

Abstract

A wireless power transmission system is provided for high power applications. The power transmission system is comprised generally of a charging unit configured to generate an alternating electromagnetic field and a receive unit configured to receive the alternating electromagnetic field from the charging unit. The charging unit includes a power source; an input rectifier; an inverter; and a transmit coil. The transmit coil has a spirangle arrangement segmented into n coil segments with capacitors interconnecting adjacent coil segments. The receive unit includes a receive coil and an output rectifier. The receive coil also has a spirangle arrangement segmented into m coil segments with capacitors interconnecting adjacent coil segments.

Claims

1. A wireless power transmission system, comprising:

a charging unit configured to transfer power using inductive power transfer and includes;

a power source;

a rectifier configured to receive an alternating current (AC) input signal from the power source and convert the AC input to a direct current (DC) power;

an inverter configured to receive the DC power from the rectifier and convert the DC power to an AC output signal at a desired resonant frequency; and

a transmit coil configured to receive the AC output signal from the inverter and generate an alternating electromagnetic field, wherein the transmit coil has a spirangle arrangement segmented into n coil segments and capacitors interconnecting adjacent coil segments;

a receive unit configured to receive power via inductive power transfer from the transmitting coil of the charging unit and includes;

a receive coil configured to receive the alternating electromagnetic field from the transmitting coil of the charging unit of the inverter and output an AC charging signal, wherein the receive coil has a spirangle arrangement segmented into m coil segments and capacitors interconnecting adjacent coil segments, where n and m are integers greater than two; and

an output rectifier configured to receive the AC charging signal from the receive coil and convert the AC charging signal to a DC charging signal.

2. The wireless power transmission system of claim 1 wherein length of each coil segment in the transmit coil is sized to distribute voltage in the capacitors evenly.

3. The wireless power transmission system of claim 2 wherein the length of coil segments in the transmit coil vary.

4. The wireless power transmission system of claim 1 wherein the spirangle arrangement of at least one of the transmit coil and receive coil has a rectangular shape.

5. The wireless power transmission system of claim 1 wherein the spirangle arrangement of at least one of the transmit coil and receive coil is a polygon shape having five or more sides.

6. The wireless power transmission system of claim 1 wherein the spirangle arrangement for at least one of the transmit coil and the receive coil are three dimensional.

7. The wireless power transmission system of claim 1 wherein the transmit coil having a length, a width and a height, where the height of the transmit coil align substantially with a vector representing of magnetic field and is larger than the width, thereby reducing Eddy current losses.

8. The wireless power transmission system of claim 1 wherein the transmit coil further includes a plurality of magnetic members disposed adjacent to the transmit coil and the plurality of magnetic members are comprised of high-permeability material.

9. The wireless power transmission system of claim 8 wherein the plurality of magnetic members are arranged to increase inductance in the transmit coil.

10. The wireless power transmission system of claim 8 wherein each of the plurality of magnetic members is comprised of a material selected from the group of steel, ferrite and magnetic iron.

11. A charging unit for use in wireless power transmission system, comprising:

a power source;

a rectifier configured to receive an alternating current (AC) input signal from the power source and convert the AC input to a direct current (DC) power;

an inverter configured to receive the DC power from the rectifier and convert the DC power to an AC output signal at a desired resonant frequency; and

a transmit coil configured to receive the AC output signal from the inverter and generate an alternating electromagnetic field, wherein the transmit coil has a spirangle arrangement segmented into n coil segments and a capacitor interconnects adjacent coil segments, where n is an integer greater than two.

12. The wireless power transmission system of claim 11 wherein length of each coil segment in the transmit coil is sized to distribute voltage in the capacitors evenly.

13. The wireless power transmission system of claim 11 wherein the spirangle arrangement of the transmit coil has a rectangular shape.

14. The wireless power transmission system of claim 11 wherein the spirangle arrangement of the transmit coil is a polygon shape having five or more sides.

15. The wireless power transmission system of claim 11 wherein the spirangle arrangement for the transmit coil is three dimensional.

16. The wireless power transmission system of claim 11 wherein the transmit coil having a length, a width and a height, where the height of the transmit coil align substantially with a vector representing of magnetic field and is larger than the width, thereby reducing Eddy current losses.

17. The wireless power transmission system of claim 11 wherein the transmit coil further includes a plurality of magnetic members disposed adjacent to the transmit coil and the plurality of magnetic members are comprised of high-permeability material.

18. A charging unit for use in wireless power transmission system, comprising:

a power source;

a rectifier configured to receive an alternating current (AC) input signal from the power source and convert the AC input to a direct current (DC) power;

an inverter configured to receive the DC power from the rectifier and convert the DC power to an AC output signal at a desired resonant frequency; and

a transmit coil configured to receive the AC output signal from the inverter and generate an alternating electromagnetic field, wherein the transmit coil has a spirangle arrangement segmented into n coil segments and a capacitor interconnects adjacent coil segments, such that n is an integer greater than two;

wherein the length of coil segments in the transmit coil vary and each coil segment in the transmit coil is sized to distribute voltage in the capacitors evenly.