Hybrid guided surface wave communication

• US 9,496,921 B1
• Filed: 09/09/2015
• Issued: 11/15/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 09/09/2015
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Quantum Wave LLC
• Original Assignee: CPG Technologies (BASF SE)
• Inventors: Corum, James F., Corum, Kenneth L., Pinzone, Basil F. Jr., Pinzone, Joseph F.
• Primary Examiner(s): Ha, Dac
• Application Number:
  US14/848,462
• Time in Patent Office: 433 Days
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 10/50 Transmitters
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 3/52 Systems for transmission between fixed stations via waveguides

Abstract

Disclosed is hybrid communication in which a first message from a guided surface wave probe node is embedded in a guided surface wave, and a second message from a guided surface wave receive node uses a different messaging mechanism.

Claims

1. A hybrid guided surface waveguide probe node, comprising:

a guided surface waveguide probe including a charge terminal elevated over a terrestrial medium configured to generate at least one resultant field that synthesizes a guided surface wave having a wave front incident at a complex Brewster angle of incidence (θ

_i,B) of the terrestrial medium;

a modulator coupled to the guided surface waveguide probe to modulate, according to a first message, the guided surface wave so as to embed a first message in the guided surface wave; and

a communications receiver configured to receive a second message from a guided surface wave receive node that receives the first message, the second message communicated via a different messaging mechanism from the first message.

2. The guided surface waveguide probe node of claim 1, wherein the second message is transmitted, at least in part, as a radiated electromagnetic field.

3. The guided surface waveguide probe node of claim 1, wherein the second message is transmitted, at least in part, through an electrically conductive wire or an optically conductive fiber.

4. The guided surface waveguide probe node of claim 1, wherein an electrical load at the receive node is experienced as a load at an excitation source coupled to the guided surface waveguide probe, and wherein the second message is transmitted as a pattern of electrical load variations.

5. The guided surface waveguide probe node of claim 4, wherein the communications receiver comprises:

a load sensor to sense the electrical load variations at the excitation source; and

a decoder coupled to the load sensor to reconstruct the second message from the electrical load variations.

6. The guided surface waveguide probe node of claim 1, wherein the communications receiver comprises a collision resolver.

7. A hybrid guided surface wave receive node, comprising:

a guided surface wave receive structure configured to obtain electrical energy from a guided surface wave traveling along a terrestrial medium, a first message embedded in the guided surface wave by a guided surface waveguide probe node that generates the guided surface wave;

an electrical load coupled to the guided surface wave receive structure, the electrical load being experienced as a load at an excitation source coupled to the guided surface waveguide probe;

a demodulator coupled to the guided surface wave receive structure configured to extract the first message from the guided surface wave; and

a communications transmitter configured to send a second message to the guided surface waveguide probe node via a different messaging mechanism from the first message.

8. The guided surface receive node of claim 7, wherein the communications transmitter comprises:

a radio frequency (RF) transmitter, wherein the second message is transmitted above the terrestrial medium as a broadcast radio frequency (RF) signal or a point-to-point RF signal.

9. The guided surface receive node of claim 7, wherein the communications transmitter comprises:

an optical transmitter, wherein the second message is transmitted as an optical signal through an optical fiber, or wirelessly above the terrestrial medium.

10. The guided surface receive node of claim 7, wherein the communications transmitter comprises:

a network data port, wherein the second message is transmitted through a network as a network data packet.

11. The guided surface receive node of claim 7, wherein the communications transmitter comprises:

a telephone, wherein the second message is transmitted through a telephone network.

12. The guided surface receive node of claim 7, wherein the communications transmitter comprises:

a load modulator configured to vary the electrical load, the second message comprising a pattern of electrical load variations.

13. The guided surface receive node of claim 7, wherein the second message is responsive to the first message.

14. The guided surface receive node of claim 7, wherein the communications transmitter comprises a collision avoider.

15. The guided surface receive node of claim 10, wherein the electrical load comprises the demodulator and the communications transmitter.

16. The guided surface receive node of claim 7, wherein the electrical load does not comprise the demodulator and the communications transmitter, and wherein a separate power source provides electrical power to the demodulator and the communications transmitter.

17. A method for hybrid two-way communication using a guided surface wave, comprising:

receiving, using a guided surface receive structure at a guided surface wave receive node, electrical energy in the form of the guided surface wave launched from a guided surface waveguide probe at a probe node, the electrical energy modulated according to a message embedded in the guided surface wave by the guided surface waveguide probe;

supplying the electrical energy to an electrical load coupled to the guided surface wave receive structure;

extracting the embedded message from the modulated electrical energy; and

transmitting a second message from the receive node to the probe node using a different messaging mechanism from the embedded message.

18. The method of claim 17, comprising:

receiving the guided surface wave at plural receive nodes.

19. The method of claim 17, comprising:

transmitting a message from the receive node to another receive node.

20. The method of claim 17, wherein the different messaging mechanism comprises:

at least one communications transmitter at the receive node.

21. The method of claim 20, wherein the at least one communications transmitter comprises plural transmitters, each transmitter having a priority that determines an order of use.

22. The method of claim 20, wherein the at least one communications transmitter comprises plural transmitters, at least two of the transmitters each transmitting a different portion of the second message.

23. A method for hybrid two-way communication using a guided surface wave, comprising:

launching, from a guided surface waveguide probe at a probe node, a guided surface wave including an embedded message, the guided surface wave received using a guided surface receive structure at a receive node spaced apart from the probe node, wherein electrical energy is obtained at the receive node from the guided surface wave and supplied to an electrical load at the receive node, the electrical energy modulated according to the embedded message;

experiencing, as an electrical load at an excitation source coupled to the guided surface waveguide probe at the probe node, the electrical energy obtained at the receive node; and

receiving, at the probe node, a second message transmitted from the receive node using a different messaging mechanism from the embedded message.

24. The method of claim 23, wherein the second message is not embedded in a guided surface wave.

25. The method of claim 23, wherein the different messaging mechanism comprises:

at least one communications receiver at the probe node.

26. The method of claim 25, wherein the at least one communications receiver comprises plural receivers, at least two of the receivers each receiving a different portion of the second message.