System and methods for treating patients using radiation

• US 9,498,167 B2
• Filed: 05/01/2006
• Issued: 11/22/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 04/29/2005
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Varian Medical Systems Incorporated (Siemens AG)
• Original Assignee: Varian Medical Systems Incorporated (Siemens AG)
• Inventors: Mostafavi, Hassan E., Marc, Marcel R., Mansfield, Stanley, McIntyre, Raymond D., Hannibal, Ross B.
• Primary Examiner(s): Brutus, Joel F
• Application Number:
  US11/415,957
• Publication Number:
  US 20070014391A1
• Time in Patent Office: 3,858 Days
• Field of Search: 606/130, 378/65, 378/205, 250/491, 600/426, 600/439, 600/427, 600/430
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/06 Devices, other than using radiation, for detecting or locating foreign bodies for removing same A61B17/50 ; determining position of probes within or on the body of the patient
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/064 using markers A61B5/062 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/1127 using markers
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/032 Transmission computed tomography [CT]
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/037 Emission tomography
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/0414 with compression means
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/0487 Motor-assisted positioning
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/08 Auxiliary means for directing the radiation beam to a particular spot, e.g. using light beams
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/107 Protection against radiation, e.g. shielding
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/4085 Cone-beams
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/4441 the rigid structure being a C-arm or U-arm
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/482 involving multiple energy imaging
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/5235 combining images from the same or different ionising radiation imaging techniques, e.g. PET and CT
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/5247 combining images from an ionising-radiation diagnostic technique and a non-ionising radiation diagnostic technique, e.g. X-ray and ultrasound
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/547 involving tracking of position of the device or parts of the device
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 2005/1094 Shielding, protecting against radiation
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 5/10 X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy A61N5/01 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 5/1049 for verifying the position of the patient with respect to the radiation beam
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 5/1064 for adjusting radiation treatment in response to monitoring
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 5/1069 Target adjustment, e.g. moving the patient support
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 5/1081 : Rotating beam systems with a specific mechanical construction, e.g. gantries
• CPC Class Codes: G21K 1/093 : by magnetic means

Abstract

A radiation system includes a radiation source having an accelerator, the radiation source having a magnetic field associated therewith that is resulted from an operation of the accelerator, and a magnetic field source configured to provide a compensating magnetic field to at least partially counteract against the magnetic field that is resulted from the operation of the accelerator. A radiation system includes a radiation device having a radiation source, a patient support, and a protective guard located between the radiation source and the patient support, wherein the protective guard is moveably coupled to the radiation device or the patient support. A radiation system includes a particle generator for generating a particle, an accelerator for accelerating the particle, and a magnetic source for changing a trajectory of the particle, wherein the magnetic source comprises a permanent magnet.

Claims

1. A radiation system, comprising:

a structure having a first side, a second side, a first opening located on the first side, and a bore that extends from the first opening in a direction that is towards the second side;

a radiation source coupled to the structure; and

a patient support configured to position a part of a patient from a first operative position that is associated with the radiation source to a second operative position that is outside the bore, or vice versa, the first operative position being in the bore;

wherein the first operative position comprises a treatment space aimed at by the radiation source, and wherein the second operative position comprises an imaging space.

2. The radiation system of claim 1, wherein the radiation source is a diagnostic radiation source.

3. The radiation system of claim 1, wherein the radiation source is a treatment radiation source.

4. The radiation system of claim 1, wherein the radiation source is capable of selectively delivering treatment radiation and diagnostic radiation.

5. The radiation system of claim 1, further comprising an arm coupled to the structure.

6. The radiation system of claim 1, further comprising a device located next to the structure, the device selected from the group consisting of a CT device, a laminar tomography device, a MRI device, a fluoroscope, an angiography device, a PET device, a PET-CT device, a SPECT device, and a tomosynthesis imaging device;

wherein the second operative position is associated with the device located next to the structure.

7. The radiation system of claim 1, wherein the second operative position is associated with an imaging device.

8. The radiation system of claim 1, further comprising a patient position sensing device located next to the radiation source.

9. The system of claim 8, wherein the patient position sensing device is selected from the group consisting of one or more cameras, one or more infrared position sensors, one or more magnetic field sensors, one or more microwave energy sensors, one or more ultrasound energy sensors, and a strain gauge.

10. The radiation system of claim 8, wherein the position sensing device is secured to the patient support.

11. The radiation system of claim 8, wherein the patient position sensing device is mounted to a ceiling of a room in which the structure is placed.

12. The radiation system of claim 8, wherein the patient position sensing device is mounted within the bore.

13. The radiation system of claim 8, wherein the patient position sensing device includes a first camera located closer to the first side than the second side, and a second camera located closer to the second side than the first side.

14. The radiation system of claim 8, wherein the patient position sensing device includes a processor configured to identify a marker in an image.

15. The radiation system of claim 14, wherein the marker is on a marker block.

16. The radiation system of claim 14, wherein the marker is implanted inside a patient.

17. The radiation system of claim 14, wherein the processor is configured to identify a part of an anatomy of the patient as the marker.

18. The radiation system of claim 8, further comprising a processor coupled to the patient position sensing device and the radiation source, wherein the processor is configured to control an operation of the radiation source based on a signal transmitted from the patient position sensing device.

19. The radiation system of claim 18, wherein the processor is configured to determine an amplitude of a physiological movement based on the signal, and control the operation of the radiation source based at least in part on the physiological movement.

20. The radiation system of claim 18, wherein the processor is configured to determine a phase of a physiological cycle based on the signal, and control the operation of the radiation source based at least in part on the phase of the physiological cycle.

21. The radiation system of claim 8, wherein the patient position sensing device is configured to sense the part of the patient when the part of the patient is closer to the first side of the structure than the second side, and to sense the part of the patient when the part of the patient is closer to the second side of the structure than the first side.

22. The radiation system of claim 21, wherein the patient position sensing device comprises a first camera configured to aim at the part of the patient when the part of the patient is closer to the first side of the structure than the second side, and a second camera configured to aim at the part of the patient when the part of the patient is closer to the second side of the structure than the first side.

23. The radiation system of claim 21, wherein the patient position sensing device comprises a camera that is configured to couple to the patient support.

24. The radiation system of claim 1, wherein the bore and the radiation source are parts of a treatment system, and wherein the first operative position is for the radiation source of the treatment system.

25. A radiation method, comprising:

delivering radiation towards a patient, wherein the delivering of the radiation is performed using a radiation machine, wherein the radiation machine comprises a structure having a first side, a second side, a first opening located on the first side, and a bore that extends from the first opening in a direction that is towards the second side, and wherein the radiation machine further comprises a radiation source coupled to the structure; and

moving a portion of the patient from a first operative position that is associated with the radiation machine to a second operative position that is outside the bore, or vice versa, the first operative position being in the bore;

wherein the first operative position comprises a treatment space aimed at by the radiation source, and wherein the second operative position comprises an imaging space.

26. The radiation method of claim 25, wherein the second operative position is associated with a medical device facing the second side of the structure.

27. The radiation method of claim 25, further comprising using a patient position sensing device to obtain information regarding a position of the portion of the patient.

28. The radiation method of claim 27, wherein the device is used to view markers of a marker block placed on the patient.

29. The radiation method of claim 27, wherein the information is used to obtain an amplitude of a physiological movement.

30. The radiation method of claim 29, wherein the delivering of the radiation is gated based at least in part on the amplitude.

31. The radiation method of claim 27, further comprising determining a phase of a physiological cycle based on the information.

32. The radiation method of claim 31, wherein the delivering of the radiation is gated based at least in part on the phase.

33. The radiation method of claim 31, wherein the physiological cycle comprises a breathing cycle.

34. The radiation method of claim 27, wherein the patient position sensing device is configured for obtaining an image of the portion of the patient.

35. The radiation method of claim 34, wherein the image is obtained using an imaging device selected from the group consisting of a CT device, a laminar tomography device, a MRI device, a fluoroscope, an angiography device, a PET device, a PET-CT device, a SPECT device, and a tomosynthesis imaging device;

and

wherein the second operative position is associated with the imaging device.

36. The radiation method of claim 27, wherein the device comprises an optical device.

37. The radiation method of claim 27, wherein the device is located within the bore.

38. The radiation method of claim 27, wherein the patient position sensing device is used to sense the portion of the patient when the portion of the patient is closer to the first side of the structure than the second side, and to sense the portion of the patient when the portion of the patient is closer to the second side of the structure than the first side.

39. The radiation method of claim 38, wherein the patient position sensing device comprises a first camera and a second camera, and wherein the act of sensing the portion of the patient comprises:

using the first camera to aim at the portion of the patient when the portion of the patient is closer to the first side of the structure than the second side; and

using the second camera to aim at the portion of the patient when the portion of the patient is closer to the second side of the structure than the first side.

40. The radiation method of claim 38, wherein the patient position sensing device comprises a camera that is configured to couple to a patient support, and wherein the method further comprises moving the camera along with the patient support.

41. The radiation method of claim 25, wherein the radiation comprises treatment radiation.