Sensor-triggering of friction and regenerative braking

• US 9,499,141 B1
• Filed: 09/29/2015
• Issued: 11/22/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 09/29/2015
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Faraday & Future Inc.
• Original Assignee: Faraday & Future Inc.
• Inventors: Elkenkamp, Marco
• Primary Examiner(s): Anwari, Maceeh
• Application Number:
  US14/869,239
• Time in Patent Office: 420 Days
• Field of Search: 701/70
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 7/26 Controlling the braking effect
• CPC Class Codes: B60T 1/10 by utilising wheel movement for accumulating energy, e.g. driving air compressors
• CPC Class Codes: B60T 2201/022 Collision avoidance systems
• CPC Class Codes: B60T 2201/03 Brake assistants
• CPC Class Codes: B60T 2220/04 Pedal travel sensor, stroke sensor; Sensing brake request
• CPC Class Codes: B60T 2270/604 Merging friction therewith; Adjusting their repartition
• CPC Class Codes: B60T 7/042 by electrical means, e.g. using travel or force sensors
• CPC Class Codes: B60T 7/22 initiated by contact of vehicle, e.g. bumper, with an external object, e.g. another vehicle , or by means of contactless obstacle detectors mounted on the vehicle
• CPC Class Codes: B60T 8/171 Detecting parameters used in the regulation; Measuring values used in the regulation

Abstract

In an emergency stop situation, the regenerative braking system is used to assist in rapid deceleration, by combining regenerative braking with conventional friction brakes. Sensors can also be used to trigger the braking systems, even before the driver is able to react. These sensors might include external cameras, ABS activation detection, radar and ultrasound.

Claims

1. A method for automatically activating simultaneously a friction braking system and a regenerative braking system of a vehicle, the method comprising the steps of:

detecting a position and a movement of one or more objects in surroundings of a vehicle;

detecting an operation of a brake pedal of the vehicle;

calculating a risk of collision of the vehicle with the one or more objects based upon the position and the movement of the one or more objects, the calculated risk of collision representing a probability that a collision of the vehicle with the one or more objects is unavoidable without an immediate intervention of the friction braking system and the regenerative braking system;

in response to the brake pedal being operated with an operating speed exceeding a predetermined operating speed, or the calculated risk of collision exceeding a predetermined risk of collision, automatically activating simultaneously the friction braking system and the regenerative braking system of the vehicle;

receiving, from a camera on the vehicle, a continuous video stream into buffer storage;

receiving, from a sensor on the vehicle, a signal to transfer the continuous video stream from the buffer storage to a memory, wherein receiving from the sensor on the vehicle a signal to transfer the continuous video stream comprises receiving a signal that the regenerative braking system has been automatically activated;

receiving, from a system controller on the vehicle, a first predefined time, the first predefined time indicating a time prior to the receiving of the signal to transfer in which to initiate a transfer of the continuous video stream from the buffer storage to the memory;

receiving, from the system controller on the vehicle, a second predefined time, the second predefined time indicating a time after the receiving of the signal to transfer in which to stop the transfer of the continuous video stream from the buffer storage to the memory; and

saving the continuous video stream in the memory.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein detecting the position and movement of the one or more objects comprises detecting the position and movement of the one or more objects using at least one of video, radar, lidar, sonar, ultrasound, microwave, light, and sound.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein detecting the position and movement of one or more objects comprises detecting the position and movement of one or more vehicles.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein detecting the position and movement of one or more objects comprises detecting the position and movement of one or more fixed objects.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein detecting an operation of a brake pedal of the vehicle comprises receiving from a sensor by a system controller on the vehicle a signal indicating an amount of force applied to the brake pedal.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein automatically activating the regenerative braking system comprises activating the regenerative braking system to achieve a desired rate of deceleration independent of the amount of force applied to the brake pedal.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein calculating the risk of collision of the vehicle with the one or more objects comprises determining a speed and direction of the vehicle and a speed and direction of the one or more objects, and calculating a closest proximity of the vehicle and the one or more objects.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein calculating the risk of collision of the vehicle with the one or more objects further comprises determining a rate of deceleration of the vehicle when using only the friction braking system.

9. The method of claim 7, wherein calculating the risk of collision of the vehicle with the one or more objects further comprises determining a rate of deceleration of the vehicle when using both the friction braking system and the regenerative braking system.

10. The method of claim 1, wherein receiving from the system controller on the vehicle the second predefined time comprises receiving from the system controller a time when the vehicle will come to a complete stop or a time when the collision between the vehicle and the one or more objects will be avoided.

11. The method of claim 1, wherein automatically activating simultaneously the friction braking system and the regenerative braking system when the operating speed of the vehicle exceeds a predetermined operating speed comprises automatically activating simultaneously the friction braking system and the regenerative braking system when the operating speed of the vehicle exceeds a speed that will avoid a collision.

12. A method for automatically activating simultaneously a friction braking system and a regenerative braking system of a vehicle, the method comprising the steps of:

detecting a position and a movement of one or more objects in surroundings of a vehicle;

detecting an operation of a brake pedal of the vehicle;

calculating a risk of collision of the vehicle with the one or more objects based upon analyzing 2-dimensional or 3-dimensional vectors representing the velocity and direction of the vehicle and the one or more objects, the calculated risk of collision representing a probability that, based on the vector analysis, the vehicle and the one or more objects will reach a point in space at approximately the same time without an immediate intervention of the friction braking system and the regenerative braking system;

in response to the brake pedal being operated with an operating speed exceeding a predetermined operating speed, or the calculated risk of collision exceeding a predetermined risk of collision, automatically activating simultaneously the friction braking system and the regenerative braking system of the vehicle;

receiving, from a camera on the vehicle, a continuous video stream into buffer storage;

receiving, from a sensor on the vehicle, a signal to transfer the continuous video stream from the buffer storage to a memory, wherein receiving from the sensor on the vehicle a signal to transfer the continuous video stream comprises receiving a signal that the regenerative braking system has been automatically activated;

receiving, from a system controller on the vehicle, a first predefined time, the first predefined time indicating a time prior to the receiving of the signal to transfer in which to initiate a transfer of the continuous video stream from the buffer storage to the memory;

receiving, from the system controller on the vehicle, a second predefined time, the second predefined time indicating a time after the receiving of the signal to transfer in which to stop the transfer of the continuous video stream from the buffer storage to the memory; and

saving the continuous video stream in the memory.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein calculating the risk of collision of the vehicle with the one or more objects further comprises determining a rate of deceleration of the vehicle when using both the friction braking system and the regenerative braking system.

14. A system for automatically activating simultaneously a friction braking system and a regenerative braking system of a vehicle, the system comprising:

a first sensor on the vehicle to detect a position and movement of one or more objects in surroundings of a vehicle;

a second sensor on the vehicle to detect operation of a brake pedal of the vehicle;

a regenerative braking system of the vehicle;

a friction braking system of the vehicle;

a system controller on the vehicle communicatively coupled to the first sensor, the second sensor, the regenerative braking system and the friction braking system, the system controller configured to calculate a risk of collision of the vehicle with the one or more objects based upon the position and the movement of the one or more objects, and in response to the brake pedal being operated with an operating speed exceeding a predetermined operating speed, or the calculated risk of collision exceeding a predetermined risk of collision, automatically activate simultaneously the friction braking system and the regenerative braking system of the vehicle;

a camera on the vehicle communicatively coupled to the system controller and producing a continuous video stream;

a buffer storage communicatively coupled to the camera and the system controller and storing the continuous video stream for a period of time; and

a memory communicatively coupled to the camera, the buffer storage, and the system controller;

the system further configured to;

receive, from the camera, the continuous video stream into the buffer storage;

receive, from at least one of the first and second sensors, a signal to transfer the continuous video stream from the buffer storage to the memory, wherein the signal to transfer the continuous video stream comprises a signal that the regenerative braking system has been automatically activated;

receive, from the system controller, a first predefined time, the first predefined time indicating a time prior to the receiving of the signal to transfer in which to initiate a transfer of the continuous video stream from the buffer storage to the memory;

receive, from the system controller, a second predefined time, the second predefined time indicating a time after the receiving of the signal to transfer in which to stop the transfer of the continuous video stream from the buffer storage to the memory; and

save the continuous video stream in the memory.

15. The system of claim 14, wherein the calculated risk of collision represents a probability that a collision of the vehicle with the one or more objects is unavoidable without an immediate intervention of the friction braking system and the regenerative braking system.

16. The system of claim 14, wherein the continuous video stream saved in the memory comprises that portion of the video stream from the first predetermined time to the second predetermined time.

17. The system of claim 14, wherein the first sensor comprises one or more of a video sensor, a radar sensor, a lidar sensor, a sonar sensor, an ultrasound sensor, a microwave sensor, a light sensor, and a sound sensor.