System and method for communication using orbital angular momentum with multiple layer overlay modulation

• US 9,503,258 B2
• Filed: 05/02/2016
• Issued: 11/22/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 04/04/2014
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Nxgen Partners Ip, LLC (NxGen Partners LLC)
• Original Assignee: Nxgen Partners Ip, LLC (NxGen Partners LLC)
• Inventors: Ashrafi, Solyman, Linquist, Roger, Ashrafi, Nima
• Primary Examiner(s): Okeke, Izunna
• Application Number:
  US15/144,297
• Publication Number:
  US 20160248582A1
• Time in Patent Office: 204 Days
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 10/11 Arrangements specific to free-space transmission, i.e. transmission through air or vacuum
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 10/2575 Radio-over-fibre, e.g. radio frequency signal modulated onto an optical carrier
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 10/2581 Multimode transmission
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 10/50 Transmitters
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 10/5161 Combination of different modulation schemes
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 10/532 Polarisation modulation
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 10/541 Digital intensity or amplitude modulation
• CPC Class Codes: H04J 14/00 Optical multiplex systems
• CPC Class Codes: H04J 14/06 Polarisation multiplex systems
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 2025/0335 characterised by the type of transmission
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 2025/0342 QAM
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 25/03006 Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 25/03343 Arrangements at the transmitter end
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 27/3405 Modifications of the signal space to increase the efficiency of transmission, e.g. reduction of the bit error rate, bandwidth, or average power
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 27/362 Modulation using more than one carrier, e.g. with quadrature carriers, separately amplitude modulated H04L27/366 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 27/366 Arrangements for compensating undesirable properties of the transmission path between the modulator and the demodulator
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 63/06 for supporting key management in a packet data network cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for key management H04L9/08
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 9/0858 Details about key distillation or coding, e.g. reconciliation, error correction, privacy amplification, polarisation coding or phase coding
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 9/3093 involving Lattices or polynomial equations, e.g. NTRU scheme
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 12/041 Key generation or derivation
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 12/0431 : Key distribution or pre-distribution; Key agreement

Abstract

A communications system and method includes first circuitry for receiving plurality of data streams and processing the plurality of data streams to associate with each of the plurality of data streams a orthogonal function to cause each of the plurality of composite data streams to be mutually orthogonal to each other on a link to enable transmission of each of the plurality of data streams on the link at a same time. Quantum key processing circuitry generates a secret key for transmission to second circuitry using a quantum key generation process and for encoding the plurality of data streams for transmission on the link using the generated secret key. Third circuitry transmits the encoded plurality of data streams on the link.

Claims

1. A communications system, comprising:

first circuitry for receiving plurality of data streams and processing the plurality of data streams to associate with each of the plurality of data streams an orthogonal function to cause each of the plurality of composite data streams to be mutually orthogonal to each other on a link to enable transmission of each of the plurality of data streams on the link at a same time;

quantum key processing circuit for generating a secret key for transmission to second circuitry using a quantum key generation process and for encoding the plurality of data streams for transmission on the link using the generated secret key, wherein the quantum key processing circuitry generates the secret key by;

selecting a series of random bits;

assigning a random basis to each of the selected random bits;

generating a first photon polarization state for each of the selected random bits responsive to the selected random bit and the assigned random basis for the selected random bit;

transmitting the generated first polarization states to a remote location;

receiving a second photon polarization state for each of the selected random states from the remote location;

determining the secret key responsive to matching portions of the first photon polarization state and the second photon polarization state;

third circuitry for transmitting the encoded plurality of data streams on the link;

fourth signal processing circuitry for receiving the plurality of encoded data streams on the link, the fourth signal processing circuitry further comprising;

a signal separator for separating each of the plurality of data streams having the orthogonal function applied thereto by the first circuitry from each other;

second quantum key processing circuitry for decoding plurality of data streams received on the link using the generated secret key;

fourth circuitry for removing the orthogonal function applied thereto by the first circuitry from each of the plurality of data streams; and

fifth circuitry for demodulating the plurality of composite data streams into the plurality of input data streams.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the link further comprises a fiber optic link.

3. The system of claim 1, wherein the link further comprises a free space optics link.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein the link further comprises an RF link.

5. The system of claim 1, wherein the orthogonal function comprises at least one of modified Hermite polynomials, Jacobi polynomials, Gegenbauer polynomials, Legendre polynomials, Chebyshev polynomials and Laguerre functions.

6. The system of claim 1, wherein the second quantum key processing circuitry determines the generated secret key by:

selecting a random basis for each random bit of a received first sequence of photon polarizations states;

determining a value of each of the photon polarization states responsive to the first sequence of photon polarization states and the selected random basis for each random bit of the received first sequence of photon polarization states to generate a second sequence of photon polarization states; and

determining the secret key responsive to matching portions of the first sequence of photon polarization states and the second sequence of photon polarization states.

7. The system of claim 1, wherein the quantum key processing circuit uses cloud based quantum key distribution processes for generating the secret key.

8. The system of claim 1, wherein the quantum key processing circuitry uses BB84 protocol in combination with at least one of LaGuerre-Gaussian modes and Hermite-Guassian modes to determine the secret key.

9. The system of claim 1, wherein the quantum key processing circuitry uses E91 protocol in combination with at least one of LaGuerre-Gaussian modes and Hermite-Guassian modes to determine the secret key.

10. A communications system, comprising:

a transmitter for transmitting a signal over a communications link, comprising;

first circuitry for receiving a plurality of data streams and processing the plurality of data streams to associate with each of the plurality of data streams an orthogonal function to cause each of the plurality of composite data streams to be mutually orthogonal to each other on the link to enable transmission of each of the plurality of data streams on the link at a same time;

quantum key processing circuit for generating a secret key using a quantum key generation process and for encoding the plurality of data streams for transmission on the link using the generated secret key;

third circuitry for transmitting the encoded plurality of data streams on the link;

a receiver for receiving the encoded plurality of data streams on the link, comprising;

a signal separator for separating each of the plurality of data streams having the orthogonal functions applied thereto by the first circuitry from each other;

second quantum key processing circuitry for decoding the plurality of data streams received on the link using the generated secret key;

fourth circuitry for removing the orthogonal function applied thereto by the first circuitry from each of the plurality of data streams; and

fifth circuitry for demodulating the plurality of composite data streams into the plurality of input data streams.

11. The system of claim 10, wherein the link further comprises a fiber optic link.

12. The system of claim 10, wherein the link further comprises a free space optics link.

13. The system of claim 10, wherein the link further comprises an RF link.

14. The system of claim 10, wherein the orthogonal function comprises at least one of a modified Hermite polynomials, Jacobi polynomials, Gegenbauer polynomials, Legendre polynomials, Chebyshev polynomials and Laguerre functions.

15. The system of claim 10, wherein the quantum key processing circuitry generates the secret key by:

selecting a series of random bits at the transmitter;

assigning a random basis to each of the selected random bits at the transmitter;

generating a first photon polarization state for each of the selected random bits responsive to the selected random bits and the assigned random basis for the selected random bit at the transmitter;

transmitting the generated first polarization states to the receiver;

receiving a second photon polarization state for each of the selected random states from the receiver; and

determining the secret key responsive to matching portions of the first photon polarization state and the second photon polarization state.

16. The system of claim 15, wherein the second quantum key processing circuitry determines the generated secret key by:

selecting a random basis for each random bit of a received first sequence of photon polarizations states;

determining a value of each of the photon polarization stats responsive to the first sequence of photon polarization states and the selected random basis for each random bit of the received first sequence of photon polarization states to generate the second sequence of photon polarization states; and

determining the secret key responsive to matching portions of the first sequence of photon polarization states and the second sequence of photon polarization states.

17. A method for communication between first signal processing circuitry and second signal processing circuitry over a link, comprising:

receiving plurality of data streams at the first signal processing circuitry;

processing, at the first signal processing circuitry, the plurality of data streams to associate with each of the plurality of data streams an orthogonal function to cause each of the plurality of composite data streams to be mutually orthogonal to each other on the link to enable transmission of each of the plurality of data streams on the link at a same time;

generating a secret key for transmission to second circuitry using a quantum key generation process between the first signal processing circuitry and the second signal processing circuitry;

encoding the plurality of data streams for transmission on the link using the generated secret key at the first signal processing circuitry;

transmitting the encoded plurality of data streams on the link from the first signal processing circuitry;

separating each of the plurality of data streams having the orthogonal functions applied thereto by the first signal processing circuitry from each other at the second signal processing circuitry;

decoding the plurality of data streams received on the link using the generated secret key at the second signal processing circuitry;

removing the different orthogonal function applied thereto by the first circuitry from each of the plurality of data streams at the second signal processing circuitry; and

demodulating the plurality of composite data streams into the plurality of input data streams at the second signal processing circuitry.

18. The method of claim 17, wherein the link further comprises a fiber optic link.

19. The method of claim 17, wherein the link further comprises a free space optics link.

20. The method of claim 17, wherein the link further comprises an RF link.

21. The method of claim 17, wherein the orthogonal function comprises at least one of a modified Hermite polynomials, Jacobi polynomials, Gegenbauer polynomials, Legendre polynomials, Chebyshev polynomials and Laguerre functions.

22. The method of claim 17, wherein the step of generating the secret key further comprises:

selecting a series of random bits at the first signal processing circuitry;

assigning a random basis to each of the selected random bits at the first signal processing circuitry;

generating a first photon polarization state for each of the selected random bits responsive to the selected random bits and the assigned random basis for the selected random bit;

transmitting the generated first polarization states to the second signal processing circuitry;

receiving a second photon polarization state for each of the selected random states from the second signal processing circuitry; and

determining the secret key responsive to matching portions of the first photon polarization states and the second photon polarization states.

23. The method of claim 22 further including the step of generating the second photon polarization states for each of the selected random states at the second signal processing circuitry.

24. The method of claim 23, wherein step of generating the second photon polarization states further comprises:

selecting a random basis for each random bit of a received first sequence of photon polarizations states at the second signal processing circuitry;

determining a value of each of the photon polarization states responsive to the first sequence of photon polarization states and the selected random basis for each random bit of the received first sequence of photon polarization states to generate the second sequence of photon polarization states; and

transmitting the second photon polarization states to the first signal processing circuitry.

25. The method of claim 17, wherein the quantum key processing circuit uses cloud based quantum key distribution processes for generating the secret key.

26. The method of claim 17, wherein the quantum key processing circuitry uses BB84 protocol in combination with at least one of LaGuerre-Gaussian modes and Hermite-Guassian modes to determine the secret key.

27. The method of claim 17, wherein the quantum key processing circuitry uses E91 protocol in combination with at least one of LaGuerre-Gaussian modes and Hermite-Guassian modes to determine the secret key.