Thermoelectric-enhanced, inlet air-cooled thermal conductors

• US 9,504,189 B1
• Filed: 08/12/2015
• Issued: 11/22/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 08/12/2015
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Original Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Inventors: Campbell, Levi A., David, Milnes P., Demetriou, Dustin W., Ellsworth, Michael J. Jr., Schmidt, Roger R., Simons, Robert E.
• Primary Examiner(s): Haughton, Anthony
• Assistant Examiner(s): Ahmad, Yahya
• Application Number:
  US14/824,401
• Time in Patent Office: 468 Days
• Field of Search: 36167946-67954, 361688-723, 454184-186, 454188-193, 454228-368
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: F25B 21/02 using Peltier effect; using Nernst-Ettinghausen effect
• CPC Class Codes: F25B 2321/021 Control thereof
• CPC Class Codes: H05K 7/20127 Natural convection
• CPC Class Codes: H05K 7/20436 Inner thermal coupling elements in heat dissipating housings, e.g. protrusions or depressions integrally formed in the housing
• CPC Class Codes: H05K 7/20545 Natural convection of gaseous coolant; Heat transfer by conduction from electronic boards
• CPC Class Codes: H05K 7/20727 within server blades for removing heat from heat source
• CPC Class Codes: H05K 7/20754 Air circulating in closed loop within cabinets
• CPC Class Codes: H10N 10/13 characterised by the heat-exchanging means at the junction

Abstract

A cooling apparatus is provided, which includes: a thermal conductor to cool a heat-dissipating component(s) of an electronics enclosure, the enclosure including an air inlet side through which airflow ingresses. The thermal conductor includes a first conductor portion coupled to the heat-dissipating component(s), and a second conductor portion positioned along the enclosure'"'"'s air inlet side. The apparatus further includes one or more air-cooled heat sinks coupled to the second conductor portion to facilitate transfer of heat from the second conductor portion to the airflow ingressing into the enclosure, and one or more thermoelectric devices coupled to at least one of the first or second conductor portions to selectively provide auxiliary cooling. A controller controls operation of the thermoelectric device(s) and selectively switches operation of the cooling apparatus between an active cooling mode, where the thermoelectric device(s) is active, and a passive cooling mode, where the thermoelectric device is inactive.

Claims

1. A cooling apparatus comprising:

a thermal conductor to facilitate cooling a heat-dissipating component(s) within an electronics enclosure, the electronics enclosure comprising an air inlet side through which an airflow ingresses into the electronics enclosure, the thermal conductor comprising;

a first conductor portion to couple to the heat-dissipating component(s) to conduct heat therefrom; and

a second conductor portion to position along the air inlet side of the enclosure, wherein when operational, the first conductor portion transfers heat, at least in part, from the heat-dissipating component(s) to the second conductor portion;

at least one air-cooled heat sink coupled to the second conductor portion of the thermal conductor to facilitate transfer of heat from the second conductor portion to the airflow ingressing into the electronics enclosure through the air inlet side;

at least one thermoelectric device coupled to at least one of the first conductor portion or the second conductor portion of the thermal conductor to selectively provide active auxiliary cooling to the thermal conductor; and

a controller controlling operation of the at least one thermoelectric device and selectively switching operation of the cooling apparatus between an active cooling mode, where the at least one thermoelectric device is active, and a passive cooling mode, where the at least one thermoelectric device is inactive.

2. The cooling apparatus of claim 1, wherein the cooling apparatus comprises multiple air-cooled heat sinks, the at least one air-cooled heat sink being at least one air-cooled heat sink of the multiple air-cooled heat sinks, and wherein the multiple air-cooled heat sinks comprise a first air-cooled heat sink and a second air-cooled heat sink located at opposite sides of the second conductor portion of the thermal conductor at the air inlet side of the electronics enclosure.

3. The cooling apparatus of claim 2, wherein the opposite sides of the second conductor portion of the thermal conductor comprise a first side and a second side, the at least one thermoelectric device being located between the first side of the second conductor portion and the first air-cooled heat sink, and the at least one thermoelectric device comprising a cold side and a hot side when active, the cold side being coupled to the first side of the second conductor portion of the thermoelectric conductor, and the hot side being coupled to the first air-cooled heat sink, and wherein the second air-cooled heat sink is coupled to the second side of the second conductor portion of the thermal conductor.

4. The cooling apparatus of claim 3, wherein the first conductor portion and the second conductor portion of the thermal conductor extend in different directions, and wherein the at least one thermoelectric device comprises multiple thermoelectric modules, the multiple thermoelectric modules being coupled to the first side of the second conductor portion of the thermal conductor along the air inlet side of the electronics enclosure, and wherein the controller selectively, separately controls operation of each thermoelectric module of the multiple thermoelectric modules.

5. The cooling apparatus of claim 4, wherein the controller controllably provides auxiliary cooling to the thermal conductor by prioritizing activation of one or more thermoelectric modules of the multiple thermoelectric modules disposed closest to the first conductor portion of the thermal conductor when active auxiliary cooling is required.

6. The cooling apparatus of claim 4, further comprising temperature sensors associated with the second conductor portion to facilitate determining a temperature differential between the first and second sides thereof, the controller using the temperature differential in controlling operation of at least one thermoelectric module of the multiple thermoelectric modules.

7. The cooling apparatus of claim 4, further comprising an insulating layer within the second conductor portion and dividing the second conductor portion into an upper conductor portion and a lower conductor portion, the insulating layer inhibiting transfer of heat from the second side to the first side when the cooling apparatus is in the active cooling mode.

8. The cooling apparatus of claim 1, further comprising multiple air-cooled heat sinks, the at least one air-cooled heat sink being at least one air-cooled heat sink of the multiple air-cooled heat sinks, and the at least one thermoelectric device comprising multiple thermoelectric modules, and wherein the multiple air-cooled heat sinks comprise a first air-cooled heat sink and a second air-cooled heat sink, the first air-cooled heat sink and the second air-cooled heat sink being disposed at opposite sides of the second conductor portion of the thermal conductor, and wherein the opposite sides of the second conductor portion of the thermal conductor comprise a first side and a second side, and one or more thermoelectric modules of the multiple thermoelectric modules are coupled to the first side of the second conductor portion of the thermal conductor, and one or more other thermoelectric modules of the multiple thermoelectric modules are coupled to the second side of the second conductor portion of the thermal conductor.

9. The cooling apparatus of claim 8, wherein the one or more thermoelectric modules and the one or more other thermoelectric modules respectively couple to the first side and second side of the second conductor portion of the thermal conductor closer to an end thereof away from where the first conductor portion meets the second conductor portion within the thermal conductor.

10. The cooling apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one thermoelectric device comprises multiple thermoelectric modules coupled to the first conductor portion of the thermal conductor, and the cooling apparatus further comprises an auxiliary heat sink coupled to the multiple thermoelectric modules, the multiple thermoelectric modules being disposed between the first conductor portion of the thermal conductor and the auxiliary heat sink.

11. The cooling apparatus of claim 1, wherein the thermal conductor comprises at least one of a thermal conduction layer, a heat pipe, or a vapor chamber disposed within at least one of the first conductor portion or the second conductor portion.

12. The cooling apparatus of claim 1, wherein the thermal conductor comprises a thermal conduction layer, the thermal conduction layer comprising at least one of a graphite layer, a CVD diamond layer, a copper layer, or an aluminum layer.

13. A cooled electronic system comprising:

an electronics enclosure, the electronics enclosure including an air inlet side through which an airflow ingresses into the electronics enclosure;

multiple heat-dissipating components disposed within the electronics enclosure; and

a cooling apparatus, the cooling apparatus comprising;

a thermal conductor coupled to one or more heat-dissipating components of the multiple heat-dissipating components, the thermal conductor comprising;

a first conductor portion coupled to the one or more heat-dissipating components to conduct heat therefrom; and

a second conductor portion positioned along the air inlet side of the electronics enclosure, wherein the first conductor portion transfers heat, at least in part, from the one or more heat-dissipating components to the second conductor portion;

at least one air-cooled heat sink coupled to the second conductor portion of the thermal conductor along the air inlet side of the electronics enclosure to facilitate transfer of heat from the second conductor portion to the airflow ingressing into the electronics enclosure;

at least one thermoelectric device coupled to at least one of the first conductor portion or the second conductor portion of the thermal conductor to selectively provide active auxiliary cooling to the thermal conductor; and

a controller controlling operation of the at least one thermoelectric device and selectively switching operation of the cooling apparatus between an active cooling mode, where the at least one thermoelectric device is active, and a passive cooling mode, where the at least one thermoelectric device is inactive.

14. The cooled electronic system of claim 13, wherein the cooling apparatus comprises:

multiple air-cooled heat sinks, the at least one air-cooled heat sink being at least one air-cooled heat sink of the multiple air-cooled heat sinks, and the multiple air-cooled heat sinks comprising a first air-cooled heat sink and a second air-cooled heat sink located at opposite sides of the first conductor portion of the thermal conductor at the air inlet side of the electronics enclosure;

the opposite sides of the second conductor portion of the thermal conductor comprising a first side and a second side, the at least one thermoelectric device being located between the first side of the second conductor portion and the first air-cooled heat sink, and the at least one thermoelectric device comprising a cold side and a hot side when active, the cold side being coupled to the first side of the second conductor portion of the thermoelectric conductor, and the hot side being coupled to the first air-cooled heat sink, and wherein the second air-cooled heat sink is coupled to the second side of the second conductor portion of the thermal conductor; and

the first conductor portion and the second conductor portion of the thermal conductor extending in different directions, and the at least one thermoelectric device comprising multiple thermoelectric modules, the multiple thermoelectric modules being coupled to the first side of the second conductor portion of the thermal conductor along the air inlet side of the electronics enclosure, and the controller selectively separately controls operation of each thermoelectric module of the multiple thermoelectric modules.

15. The cooled electronic system of claim 14, wherein the controller controllably provides auxiliary cooling to the thermal conductor by prioritizing activation of one or more thermoelectric modules of the multiple thermoelectric modules disposed closest to the first conductor portion of the thermal conductor when active auxiliary cooling is required.

16. The cooled electronic system of claim 14, further comprising temperature sensors associated with the second conductor portion to facilitate determining a temperature differential between the first and second sides thereof, the controller using the temperature differential in controlling operation of at least one thermoelectric module of the multiple thermoelectric modules.

17. The cooled electronic system of claim 14, further comprising an insulating layer within the second conductor portion and dividing the second conductor portion into an upper conductor portion and a lower conductor portion, the insulating layer inhibiting transfer of heat from the second side to the first side when the cooling apparatus is in the active cooling mode.

18. The cooled electronic system of claim 13, further comprising multiple air-cooled beat sinks, the at least one air-cooled heat sink being at least one air-cooled heat sink of the multiple air-cooled heat sinks, and the at least one thermoelectric device comprising multiple thermoelectric modules, and wherein the multiple air-cooled heat sinks comprise a first air-cooled heat sink and a second air-cooled heat sink, the first air-cooled heat sink and the second air-cooled heat sink being disposed at opposite sides of the second conductor portion of the thermal conductor, and wherein the opposite sides of the second conductor portion of the thermal conductor comprise a first side and a second side, and one or more thermoelectric modules of the multiple thermoelectric modules are coupled to the first side of the second conductor portion of the thermal conductor, and one or more other thermoelectric modules of the multiple thermoelectric modules are coupled to the second side of the second conductor portion of the thermal conductor.

19. The cooled electronic system of claim 13, wherein the at least one thermoelectric device comprises multiple thermoelectric modules coupled to the first conductor portion of the thermal conductor, and the cooling apparatus further comprises an auxiliary heat sink coupled to the multiple thermoelectric modules, the multiple thermoelectric modules being disposed between the first conductor portion of the thermal conductor and the auxiliary heat sink.