Systems, methods, and apparatus related to detecting and identifying electric vehicle and charging station

• US 9,505,314 B2
• Filed: 03/03/2014
• Issued: 11/29/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 08/09/2013
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: WiTricity Corporation
• Original Assignee: Qualcomm, Inc.
• Inventors: Widmer, Hanspeter
• Primary Examiner(s): Nguyen, Danny
• Application Number:
  US14/195,703
• Publication Number:
  US 20150042168A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,002 Days
• Field of Search: 307/104, 320/108, 320/137
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/12 Inductive energy transfer
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/126 Methods for pairing a vehicle and a charging station, e.g. establishing a one-to-one relation between a wireless power transmitter and a wireless power receiver
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/305 Communication interfaces
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/36 by positioning the vehicle
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/38 specially adapted for charging by inductive energy transfer
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/60 Monitoring or controlling charging stations
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/12 of the resonant type
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/70 involving the reduction of electric, magnetic or electromagnetic leakage fields
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/80 involving the exchange of data, concerning supply or distribution of electric power, between transmitting devices and receiving devices
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/90 involving detection or optimisation of position, e.g. alignment
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 5/79 for data transfer in combination with power transfer
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/12 Electric charging stations
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/14 Plug-in electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/16 Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles

Abstract

Systems, methods, and apparatus are disclosed for communicating between a charging station and an electric vehicle. In one aspect, a method of pairing a charging station with an electric vehicle is provided, including providing wireless power via a magnetic field having a first intensity level that is sufficient to charge or power the electric vehicle, providing an information signal via the magnetic field when the magnetic field is set at a second intensity level that is lower than the first intensity level, the information signal uniquely identifying the charging station from a plurality of charging stations, communicating with the electric vehicle via a communication link that is different from the magnetic field, communicating comprising communicating with the electric vehicle parking guidance information to the location of the charging station, and establishing the communication link based at least in part on the information signal provided via the magnetic field.

Claims

1. An apparatus for providing wireless power, comprising:

a transmitter comprising one or more coils configured to provide wireless power via a magnetic field having a first intensity level that is sufficient to charge or power an electric vehicle, the one or more coils further configured to provide an information signal via the magnetic field when the magnetic field is set at a second intensity level that is lower than the first intensity level, the information signal having one or more characteristics that uniquely identify the transmitter from a plurality of transmitters; and

a transceiver connected to the transmitter and configured to;

communicate with the electric vehicle via a communication link that is different from the magnetic field; and

establish the communication link with the electric vehicle based at least in part on the information signal provided via the magnetic field, the transmitter further configured to communicate with the electric vehicle, via the communication link, parking guidance information to the location of the one or more coils.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein establishing the communication link comprises establishing the communication link before a portion of one or more coils of the electric vehicle are positioned over the one or more coils of the transmitter.

3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the one or more coils comprises a first coil configured to provide wireless power to the electric vehicle via the magnetic field at the first intensity level and a second coil configured to provide the information signal via the magnetic field at the second intensity level.

4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the transmitter is further configured to provide wireless power at a first frequency and provide the information signal at a second frequency, the second frequency different from the first frequency.

5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the second intensity level is of sufficient power to be received by the electric vehicle at least within a portion of an area defining a parking space.

6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the transmitter is further configured to provide the information signal at a frequency different from a frequency of another information signal provided via another magnetic field from at least one other transmitter of the plurality of transmitters.

7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the transceiver is further configured to:

transmit and receive information related to the wireless power provided between the transmitter and the electric vehicle; and

establish the communication link based at least in part on information identifying the electric vehicle, or information regarding the wireless power provided between the transmitter and the electric vehicle, provided or received by the transceiver.

8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the transmitter alternates or modulates the magnetic field to generate the information signal.

9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the transceiver is further configured to receive approach information indicating the electric vehicle is approaching the location of the one or more coils, and wherein the transmitter is configured to provide the information signal in response to the transceiver receiving the approach information.

10. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a receiver configured to:

receive an information signal from each of a plurality of electric vehicles, each information signal received via a different magnetic field;

determine a position or direction of each electric vehicle of the plurality of electric vehicles based on the information signal; and

select an electric vehicle for wireless charging that has a position closest to the one or more coils.

11. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a receiver configured to:

receive a second information signal via a second magnetic field from the electric vehicle, wherein the second information signal uniquely identifies the electric vehicle from a plurality of electric vehicles; and

establish the communication link with the electric vehicle based at least in part on the second information signal received from the electric vehicle.

12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the receiver receives the second information signal at a frequency different from a frequency of another information signal the transceiver receives via another magnetic field from at least one other electric vehicle of the plurality of electric vehicles.

13. An apparatus for receiving wireless power, comprising:

a receiver comprising one or more coils configured to receive wireless power from a charging station via a magnetic field having a first intensity level that is sufficient to charge or power a battery, the one or more coils further configured to provide an information signal via the magnetic field when the magnetic field is set at a second intensity level that is lower than the first intensity level, the information signal having one or more characteristics that uniquely identify the receiver from a plurality of receivers; and

a transceiver connected to the receiver and configured to;

communicate with the charging station via a communication link that is different from the magnetic field; and

establish the communication link with the charging station based at least in part on the information signal provided via the magnetic field, wherein the receiver is further configured to communicate with the charging station, via the communication link, parking guidance information to the location of the one or more coils.

14. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the one or more coils comprises a first coil configured to receive wireless power from the charging station via the magnetic field at the first intensity level and a second coil configured to provide the information signal via the magnetic field at the second intensity level.

15. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the receiver is further configured to receive wireless power at a first frequency and provide the information signal at a second frequency, the second frequency different from the first frequency.

16. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the receiver is further configured to provide the information signal at a frequency different from a frequency of another information signal provided via another magnetic field from at least one other receiver of the plurality of receivers.

17. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the transceiver is further configured to receive approach information indicating the one or more coils is approaching the location of the charging station, and wherein the receiver is configured to provide the information signal in response to the transceiver receiving the approach information.

18. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the receiver is further configured to:

receive an information signal from each of a plurality of charging stations, each information signal received via a different magnetic field;

determine a position or direction of each charging station of the plurality of charging stations based on the information signal; and

select a charging station for wireless charging that has a position closest to the one or more coils.

19. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the receiver is further configured to:

receive a second information signal via a second magnetic field from the charging station, wherein the second information signal uniquely identifies the charging station from a plurality of charging stations; and

establish the communication link with the charging station based at least in part on the second information signal received from the charging station.

20. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the receiver receives the second information signal at a frequency different from a frequency of another information signal the transceiver receives via another magnetic field from at least one other charging station of the plurality of charging stations.

21. A method of pairing a charging station with an electric vehicle, comprising:

providing wireless power via a magnetic field having a first intensity level that is sufficient to charge or power the electric vehicle;

providing an information signal via the magnetic field when the magnetic field is set at a second intensity level that is lower than the first intensity level, the information signal having one or more characteristics that uniquely identify the charging station from a plurality of charging stations;

communicating with the electric vehicle via a communication link that is different from the magnetic field, communicating via the communication link comprising communicating with the electric vehicle parking guidance information to the location of the charging station; and

establishing the communication link with the electric vehicle based at least in part on the information signal provided via the magnetic field.

22. The method of claim 21, wherein providing wireless power comprises providing wireless power at a first frequency, and providing an information signal comprises providing an information signal at a second frequency, the second frequency different from the first frequency.

23. The method of claim 21, wherein providing an information signal comprises providing an information signal at a frequency different from a frequency of another information signal provided via another magnetic field from at least one other charging station of the plurality of charging stations.

24. The method of claim 21, further comprising receiving approach information indicating the electric vehicle is approaching the location of the charging station, and wherein providing an information signal comprises providing an information signal in response to the transceiver receiving the approach information.

25. The method of claim 21, further comprising receiving a second information signal via a second magnetic field from the electric vehicle, wherein the second information signal uniquely identifies the electric vehicle from a plurality of electric vehicles;

and

wherein establishing the communication link comprises establishing the communication link with the electric vehicle based at least in part on the second information signal received from the electric vehicle.

26. The method of claim 25, wherein receiving a second information signal comprises receiving a second information signal at a frequency different from a frequency of another information signal received via another magnetic field from at least one other electric vehicle of the plurality of electric vehicles.

27. An apparatus for providing wireless power, comprising:

means for providing wireless power via a magnetic field having a first intensity level that is sufficient to charge or power an electric vehicle, the providing means further configured to provide an information signal via the magnetic field when the magnetic field is set at a second intensity level that is lower than the first intensity level, the information signal having one or more characteristics that uniquely identify the providing means from a plurality of providing means; and

means for communicating with the electric vehicle via a communication link that is different from the magnetic field, the communicating means configured to communicate with the electric vehicle, via the communication link, parking guidance information to the location of the charging station; and

means for establishing the communication link with the electric vehicle based at least in part on the information signal provided via the magnetic field.

28. The apparatus of claim 27, wherein the providing means comprises a transmitter, wherein the communication means, transmitting and receiving means, and the establishing means comprise a transceiver.

29. The apparatus of claim 27, wherein the providing means is further configured to provide wireless power at a first frequency and provide the information signal at a second frequency, the second frequency different from the first frequency.

30. The apparatus of claim 27, wherein the providing means is further configured to provide the information signal at a frequency different from a frequency of an information signal provided via a magnetic field from at least one charging station of the plurality of charging stations.