Method and device for increasing the data transmission capacity in a serial bus system

• US 9,513,988 B2
• Filed: 03/29/2012
• Issued: 12/06/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 04/06/2011
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Robert Bosch GmbH
• Original Assignee: Robert Bosch GmbH
• Inventors: Hartwich, Florian
• Primary Examiner(s): Kerveros, James C
• Application Number:
  US14/009,475
• Publication Number:
  US 20140129900A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,713 Days
• Field of Search: 714/748, 714/774
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 11/1004 to protect a block of data words, e.g. CRC or checksum G06F11/1076 takes precedence; security arrangements for protecting computers or computer systems against unauthorized activity G06F21/00
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 13/4282 on a serial bus, e.g. I2C bus, SPI bus on daisy chain buses G06F13/4247
• CPC Class Codes: H03M 13/09 Error detection only, e.g. using cyclic redundancy check [CRC] codes or single parity bit
• CPC Class Codes: H03M 13/096 Checksums
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 1/0061 Error detection codes
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 1/0083 Formatting with frames or packets; Protocol or part of protocol for error control
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 12/4013 Management of data rate on the bus systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality H04L1/0001
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 12/40169 Flexible bus arrangements arrangements for maintenance or administration involving management of faults; events, alarms H04L41/06; automatic restoration of network faults H04L41/0654
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 12/413 with random access, e.g. carrier-sense multiple-access with collision detection [CSMA-CD]
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 2001/0094 Bus
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 2012/40215 Controller Area Network CAN

Abstract

In a bus system that includes at least two subscribed data processing units that exchange messages via a bus in a serial data transmission, the transmitted messages are of a logical structure that includes a start-of-frame bit, an arbitration field, a control field, a data field, a CRC field, an acknowledge field and an end-of-frame sequence, the control field including a data length code, which contains information regarding the length of the data field. The messages are constructed such that the data field of the messages can include more than eight bytes, and, in a method of such serial data transmission, the values of the data length code are interpreted at least partially in a manner that deviates from the CAN standard ISO 11898-1 for determining the size of the data field.

Claims

1. A method for serial data transmission processing in a bus system that includes a bus and at least two subscribed data processing units that are configured to exchange messages via the bus, the method comprising:

obtaining a message transmitted by one of the at least two subscribed data processing units and on the bus, wherein the message is structured according to a predefined logical structure that includes a start-of-frame bit, an arbitration field, a control field including a data length code, a data field, a CRC field, an acknowledge field, and an end-of-frame sequence;

interpreting according to a first interpretation implemented when a switchover condition is not satisfied, by a data processing device, the data length code to determine a length of the data field; and

when the switchover condition is satisfied, the data processing device;

(i) switching from the first interpretation to a second interpretation that is at least partially in deviation from the first interpretation, and (ii) interpreting according to the second interpretation the data length code to determine the length of the data field,

wherein;

at least one of the first interpretation and the second interpretation is performed according to an algorithm that causes the processing device to interpret certain values of the data length code as indicating respective lengths of the data field that are more than eight bytes,

the switchover condition is one of satisfied or not satisfied based on at least one switchover bit included in a portion of the message that does not include the data length code, and

the data length code is composed of four bits.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the logical structure is according to the CAN standard ISO 11898-1.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the algorithm assigns each possible value combination of bits of the data length code to a different respective one of a plurality of admissible sizes of the data field.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the algorithm assigns the 16 possible bit value combinations to respective sizes of 0 to 15 bytes.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the algorithm assigns the 16 possible bit value combinations to respective sizes of 1 to 16 bytes.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the algorithm provides for interpretation of values between 0b0001 and 0b1000 of the data length code as respective ones of data field sizes of 1 to 8 bytes, and remaining values between 0b1001 and 0b1111 of the data length code as respective ones of data field sizes that are greater than 8 bytes.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein, when the switchover condition is not satisfied, the data length code is interpreted according to the CAN standard ISO 11898-1, and, when the switchover condition is satisfied, the data length code is not interpreted according to the CAN standard ISO 11898-1.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the algorithm is configured to cause the processing device processor to determine from at least one of the arbitration field and the control field whether the switchover condition is satisfied.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein the algorithm is configured to cause the processing device to determine from at least one of the arbitration field and the control field whether the message is of a first type for which interpretation of the data length code is to be limited to a first range of lengths or is of a second type for which interpretation of the data length code is to be expanded to a second larger range of lengths.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein the largest length of the first range is 8 bytes and the largest length of the second range is greater than 8 bytes.

11. The method of claim 1, wherein the processing device is configured for processing CRC fields of a plurality of messages, which CRC fields differ with respect to a respective number of bits included in the respective CRC fields.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein the numbers of bits included in the CRC fields of different messages differs depending on values of the respective data length codes of the respective messages.

13. The method of claim 11, wherein the processing device is configured to determine the number of bits in the CRC field of the obtained message based on content of the data length code, and the processing device is configured to perform different checksum calculations for different determined numbers of CRC field bits.

14. The method of claim 11, further comprising:

responsive to obtaining a beginning of the obtained message, initiating calculation of at least two CRC checksums in parallel using different generator polynomials; and

selecting between respective results of the at least two CRC checksums as a function of content of the data length code of the obtained message.

15. The method of claim 1, wherein the CRC field of the obtained message includes a number of bits that deviates from the CAN standard ISO 11898-1, and the processing device is configured to use a generator polynomial that deviates from the CAN standard ISO 11898-1 for determining the content of the CRC field of the obtained message.

16. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

performing a CRC calculation based on a combination of contents of the CRC field and stuff bits of fields preceding the CRC field.

17. The method of claim 1, wherein different values for bit length in time are assigned to different parts of the obtained message.

18. The method of claim 17, wherein the bit length in time assigned to a first part of the message is specified at least a minimum time value, and the bit length in time assigned to a second part of the message is less than the minimum time value.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein the minimum time value is one microsecond.

20. The method of claim 17, the different values for bit length in time are implemented by using at least two different scaling factors for setting a bus time unit relative to a smallest time unit or to an oscillator clock pulse in ongoing operation.

21. The method of claim 17, further comprising:

based on an identification in at least one of the arbitration field and the control field, determining whether the different values for bit length in time are assigned to the message.

22. The method of claim 1, wherein the at least two subscribed data processing units are control units of a motor vehicle.

23. The method of claim 1, wherein one of the at least two subscribed data processing units is a control unit of a motor vehicle and the other of the at least two subscribed data processing units is a control unit that is external to the motor vehicle and connectable over the bus to the control unit of the motor vehicle.

24. The method of claim 1, wherein the data length code comprises at least four bits combinable into sixteen possible bit value combinations, each of the sixteen bit combinations indicating a different respective number of bytes of the data field.

25. The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one switchover bit is included in at least one of the control field and the arbitration field.

26. The method of claim 25, wherein:

if the at least one switchover bit is included in the control field, the at least one switchover bit is included in a reserved bit location, and

if the at least one switchover bit is included in the arbitration field, the at least one switchover bit is included in an SRR bit location or an IDE bit location.

27. The method of claim 1, wherein an additional switchover condition that is one of satisfied or not based on the at least one switchover bit controls the switching from one of:

(i) the first interpretation to the second interpretation, (ii) the second interpretation to the first interpretation, (iii) the first interpretation to a third interpretation that is at least partially in deviation from the first and the second interpretations, (iv) the second interpretation to the third interpretation, and (v) the third interpretation to one of the first and the second interpretation.

28. A data processing device which is one of a plurality of data processing devices subscribed to a bus of a bus system for exchanging messages over the bus via serial data transmission, the data processing device comprising:

a processor configured to;

obtain a message transmitted on the bus by another of the plurality of data processing devices, wherein the message is structured according to a predefined logical structure that includes a start-of-frame bit, an arbitration field, a control field including a data length code, a data field, a CRC field, an acknowledge field, and an end-of-frame sequence;

interpret, according to a first interpretation implemented when a switchover condition is not satisfied, the data length code to determine a length of the data field; and

when the switchover condition is satisfied;

(i) switching from the first interpretation to a second interpretation that is at least partially in deviation from the first interpretation, and (ii) interpreting according to the second interpretation the data length code to determine the length of the data field,

wherein;

the data length code comprises four bits that provide for a total of 16 possible bit value combinations, the total of 16 possible bit combinations represents the length of the message in the data field;

at least one of the first interpretation and the second interpretation is

performed according to an algorithm that causes the processor to interpret certain values of the data length code as indicating respective lengths of the data field that are more than eight bytes; and

the switchover condition is one of satisfied or not satisfied based on at least one switchover bit included in a portion of the message that does not include the data length code.

29. The device of claim 28, further comprising:

a plurality of shift registers, wherein the processor is configured to;

process CRC fields of a plurality of messages, which CRC fields differ with respect to a respective number of bits included in the respective CRC fields;

determine the number of bits in the CRC field of the obtained message based on content of the data length code; and

use the shift registers to perform different checksum calculations for different determined numbers of CRC field bits.

30. The device of claim 28, further comprising:

a plurality of shift registers, wherein the processor is configured to;

responsive to obtaining a beginning of the obtained message, initiate calculation of at least two CRC checksums in parallel using different generator polynomials and using the shift registers; and

select between respective results of the at least two CRC checksums as a function of content of the data length code of the obtained message.

31. The device of claim 28, further comprising:

a plurality of shift registers, wherein the processor is configured to use the shift registers to perform a CRC calculation based on a combination of contents of the CRC field and stuff bits of fields preceding the CRC field.

32. A method for serial data transmission processing in a bus system that includes a bus and at least two subscribed data processing units that are configured to exchange messages via the bus, the method comprising:

encoding in at least one switchover bit of a message, by one of the at least two subscribed data processing units, a switchover condition that indicates whether the message is to be interpreted by an other one of the data processing units according to;

(i) a first interpretation when the switchover condition is not satisfied, or (ii) a second interpretation when the switchover condition is satisfied, wherein the second interpretation is at least partially in deviation from the first interpretation; and

transmitting the message by the one of the at least two subscribed data processing units and on the bus, wherein the message is structured according to a predefined logical structure that includes a start-of-frame bit, an arbitration field, a control field including a data length code, a data field, a CRC field, an acknowledge field, and an end-of frame sequence,

wherein;

the length of the data field is greater than eight bytes;

the data length code comprises four bits that provide for a total of 16 possible bit value combinations;

the total of 16 possible bit value combinations represents the length of the message in the data field;

the at least one encoded bit is included in a portion of the message that does not include the data length code; and

the first interpretation and the second interpretation interpret the four bits of the data length code.

33. The method of claim 32, further comprising:

reading, by the other one of the data processing units, a number of bits of the CRC field based on a value of the at least one switchover bit used to determine whether or not the switchover condition is satisfied or not satisfied.

34. The method of claim 32, wherein the at least one switchover bit includes at least two bits, and the at least two bits are evaluated according to a combination of the at least two bits to determine whether the switchover condition is satisfied or not.