Detecting motion based on repeated wireless transmissions

• US 9,523,760 B1
• Filed: 04/15/2016
• Issued: 12/20/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 04/15/2016
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Cognitive Systems Corp.
• Original Assignee: Cognitive Systems Corp.
• Inventors: Kravets, Oleksiy, Manku, Tajinder
• Primary Examiner(s): Brainard, Timothy A
• Application Number:
  US15/099,833
• Time in Patent Office: 249 Days
• Field of Search: 342/22, 342 27- 28, 340/539.21, 340/539.23
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 13/04 Systems determining presence of a target based on relative movement of target G01S13/56
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 13/56 for presence detection presence detection using near field arrangements G01V3/00, e.g. G01V3/08, G01V3/12; burglar, theft or intruder alarms with electrical actuation G08B13/22 - G08B13/26
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 5/0273 using multipath or indirect path propagation signals in position determination
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 4/70 Services for machine-to-machine communication [M2M] or machine type communication [MTC]

Abstract

In a general aspect, motion of an object is detected based on wireless signals. In some aspects, wireless signals based on a repeated wireless transmission are received at a wireless sensor device in a space. The received wireless signals are analyzed, by operation of a processor, to detect movement of an object in the space. The analysis includes determining complex values representing the relative phases and amplitudes of respective frequency components of each of the received wireless signals, and detecting movement of an object in the space based on a change in the complex values.

Claims

1. A motion detection method comprising:

receiving, at a wireless sensor device in a space and at a first time, a first received wireless signal based on a first transmission of a transmitted wireless signal, the first transmission being transmitted by a source device;

determining, by operation of a processor, a first characteristic of frequency components in a bandwidth of a first signal, the first characteristic comprising a first set of complex values for the frequency components in the bandwidth of the first signal, the first signal being based on the first received wireless signal;

receiving, at the wireless sensor device and at a second, later time, a second received wireless signal based on a second transmission of the transmitted wireless signal, the second transmission being transmitted by the source device;

determining, by operation of the processor, a second characteristic of frequency components in the bandwidth of a second signal, the second characteristic comprising a second set of complex values for the frequency components in the bandwidth of the second signal, the second signal being based on the second received wireless signal; and

detecting movement of an object in the space based on a comparison between the first characteristic and the second characteristic.

2. The motion detection method of claim 1, wherein the space comprises an enclosed space, and the source device resides in the enclosed space.

3. The motion detection method of claim 1, wherein determining the first characteristic and the second characteristic comprises transforming, respectively, the first signal and the second signal to a frequency domain, the first set of complex values represents magnitudes and phases of the frequency components in the bandwidth of the first signal, and the second set of complex values represents magnitudes and phases of the frequency components in the bandwidth of the second signal.

4. The motion detection method of claim 1, wherein detecting movement comprises detecting that a difference between the first characteristic and the second characteristic exceeds a threshold.

5. The motion detection method of claim 1, wherein the transmitted wireless signal is a transmitted radio-frequency (RF) wireless signal.

6. The motion detection method of claim 1, wherein the source device comprises a second wireless sensor device in the space.

7. The motion detection method of claim 1, wherein detecting movement of an object in the space based on the comparison between the first characteristic and the second characteristic comprises:

detecting movement of the object based on a difference between the first set of complex values and the second set of complex values.

8. The motion detection method of claim 7, wherein the difference comprises at least one of a difference in phase or a difference in amplitude for one or more of the frequency components.

9. The motion detection method of claim 1 further comprising:

filtering the first received wireless signal to generate a first output signal;

down-converting the first output signal to generate the first signal;

filtering the second received wireless signal to generate a second output signal; and

down-converting the second output signal to generate the second signal.

10. A motion detection method comprising:

at a wireless sensor device in a space, receiving wireless signals based on a wireless transmission repeated by a source;

analyzing, by operation of a processor, the received wireless signals to detect movement of an object in the space, the analysis comprising;

determining complex values for respective frequency components of each of the received wireless signals; and

detecting movement of an object in the space based on a change in the complex values.

11. The motion detection method of claim 10, wherein movement is detected when the change exceeds a threshold value.

12. The motion detection method of claim 10, wherein determining the complex values comprises using a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) algorithm.

13. The motion detection method of claim 10, wherein the wireless transmission comprises a wireless radio frequency (RF) signal.

14. A motion detection system comprising:

a sensor device configured to detect movement of an object in a space, the sensor device comprising;

an antenna system configured to receive wireless signals in the space, the received wireless signals based on repeated transmissions of a transmitted wireless signal from a source device; and

one or more processors configured to;

determine complex values for frequency components of respective signals based on the received wireless signals; and

detect motion of the object based on a comparison of the complex values.

15. The motion detection system of claim 14, wherein the one or more processors are configured to determine the complex values using a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) algorithm.

16. The motion detection system of claim 14, wherein the one or more processors are configured to detect motion of the object when a difference between complex values exceeds a threshold value.

17. The motion detection system of claim 14, wherein the sensor device comprises a radio path and down-conversion circuitry, the radio path comprising a filter, the sensor device being configured to input electronic signals of the received wireless RF signals to the radio path, an output of the radio path being coupled to an input of the down-conversion circuitry, the down-conversion circuitry being configured to down-convert a RF signal to a baseband signal, the down-conversion circuitry being configured to output the respective signals based on the received wireless RF signals.

18. The motion detection system of claim 14, further comprising a source device configured to transmit the repeated transmissions.

19. The motion detection system of claim 14, wherein the sensor device further comprises a source device configured to transmit the repeated transmissions.

20. The motion detection system of claim 14, further comprising a data analysis system configured to receive information related to motion detection from the sensor device.