Base array network design for multiple vehicle pads

• US 9,533,590 B2
• Filed: 06/18/2014
• Issued: 01/03/2017
• Est. Priority Date: 04/18/2014
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: WiTricity Corporation
• Original Assignee: Qualcomm, Inc.
• Inventors: Keeling, Nicholas Athol, Huang, Chang-Yu, Kissin, Michael Le Gallais, Budhia, Mickel Bipin, Beaver, Jonathan
• Primary Examiner(s): Siek, Vuthe
• Application Number:
  US14/308,197
• Publication Number:
  US 20150298561A1
• Time in Patent Office: 930 Days
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 5/005 without mechanical contact between the collector and the power supply line
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/12 Inductive energy transfer
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/122 Circuits or methods for driving the primary coil, e.g. supplying electric power to the coil
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/126 Methods for pairing a vehicle and a charging station, e.g. establishing a one-to-one relation between a wireless power transmitter and a wireless power receiver
• CPC Class Codes: B60M 7/003 for vehicles using stored power (e.g. charging stations)
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/12 Electric charging stations
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/14 Plug-in electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/16 Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles

Abstract

Dynamic wireless charging systems may involve coordinating multiple charging base pads to provide coordinated, continuous power transfers to a moving receiver along the distance in which the dynamic wireless charging system is installed. These dynamic systems may require a large number of coils (base pads) which may be components in base array networks (BAN modules). The BAN modules may provide for simplified installation and system design wherein the BAN modules may be preassembled and self-contained, drop-in-place units. The layout and design of the BAN modules may be such that they may contain charging base pads, local controllers, distribution circuitry, and switching controls. The sizing of the BAN modules may dramatically affect the usability and practicality of such dynamic systems. The sizing of the BAN modules may be dependent upon the pitch between vehicle pads on electric vehicles and base pad pitch within the BAN modules.

Claims

1. A device for charging an electric vehicle, the device comprising:

a plurality of charging coils configured to charge the electric vehicle, a length between any two charging coils of the plurality of charging coils being less than a pitch between at least two vehicle pads of the electric vehicle;

a plurality of control units configured to selectively distribute power to one of the charging coils; and

a plurality of charging coil switches configured to selectively couple one of the charging coils to one of the control units.

2. The device of claim 1, wherein certain of the charging coils are further configured to provide power to one or more coils forming a vehicle pad of the electric vehicle, wherein the one or more coils forming the vehicle pad are configured to operate simultaneously.

3. The device of claim 2, wherein certain of the charging coils simultaneously provide power to a plurality of coils forming the vehicle pad of the electric vehicle.

4. The device of claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of charging coil switches is configured to couple a specific one of the plurality of charging coils to one of the plurality of control units.

5. The device of claim 1, wherein the length of the device is less than 2.5 meters.

6. The device of claim 1, wherein the length of the device is a sum of a length of each of the charging coils of the plurality of charging coils if the charging coils are installed adjacent to one another in a linear pattern.

7. The device of claim 1, wherein certain of the plurality of charging coils are configured to overlap with a preceding and a subsequent charging coil within the device.

8. The device of claim 7, wherein the length of the device is a sum of a length of each of the plurality of charging coils minus a length of overlap between each of a plurality of pairs of overlapping charging coils.

9. The device of claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of control units is further configured to receive a signal from a distribution controller and selectively distribute power to one of the charging coils via one of the switches based on the received signal.

10. The device of claim 9, wherein the distribution controller is further configured to generate a distribute signal for a first subset of the control units based upon a location of the electric vehicle and a vector of travel of the electric vehicle and communicate the distribute signal to the first subset of control units.

11. The device of claim 1, wherein the control units are further configured to generate a switch signal and the charging coil switches are further configured to receive the switch signal and couple the charging coils to the control units based on the switch signal.

12. The device of claim 1, wherein the plurality of control units is configured to selectively distribute power to the plurality of charging coils in an interleaved manner, wherein each charging coil of the plurality receives power from a different control unit than the charging coils with which it overlaps, such that no control unit distributes power to successive charging coils.

13. The device of claim 1, wherein the pitch between at least two vehicle pads of the electric vehicle is equal to a number of the charging coils in the plurality of charging coils comprised in the device times a pitch between consecutive charging coils of the plurality of charging coils plus half the pitch between the consecutive charging coils.

14. The device of claim 1, wherein the control units are configured to:

select at least a first subset of charging coils from the plurality of charging coils;

provide power to at least a first subset of charging coils from the plurality of charging coils; and

determine a direction of current flow through each of the charging coils in the first subset of charging coils.

15. The device of claim 14, wherein the selection of at least the first subset of charging coils is based on a position of the electric vehicle.

16. The device of claim 14, wherein the control unit is further configured, based on a vector of travel of the electric vehicle, to:

successively select at least a second subset of charging coils from the plurality of charging coils;

provide power to the second subset of charging coils; and

determine the direction of current flow through each of the charging coils of the second subset of charging coils.

17. The device of claim 14, wherein the selection of the at least first subset of charging coils and the determination of the direction of current flow is based upon a type of at least one vehicle pad on the electric vehicle.

18. A method for generating an array, the method comprising:

providing a plurality of charging coils configured to charge an electric vehicle, a length between any two charging coils of the plurality of charging coils being less than a pitch between at least two vehicle pads of the electric vehicle;

providing a plurality of control units configured to selectively distribute power to one of the charging coils; and

providing a plurality of charging coil switches configured to selectively couple the charging coil to one of the control units.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein certain of the charging coils are further configured to provide power to one or more coils forming a vehicle pad of the electric vehicle, wherein the one or more coils forming the vehicle pad are configured to operate simultaneously.

20. The device of claim 19, wherein certain of the charging coils simultaneously provide power to a plurality of coils forming the vehicle pad of the electric vehicle.

21. The method of claim 18, wherein each of the plurality of charging coil switches is configured to couple a specific one of the plurality of charging coils to one of the plurality of control units.

22. The method of claim 18, wherein the length of the array is less than 2.5 meters.

23. The method of claim 18, wherein the length of the array is a sum of a length of each charging coil of the plurality of charging coils minus a length of overlap between each of a plurality of pairs of overlapping charging coils.

24. The method of claim 18, further comprising placing each charging coil of the plurality of charging coils next to another charging coil of the plurality of charging coils in a linear pattern.

25. The method of claim 18, further comprising placing each charging coil of the plurality of charging coils in an overlapping fashion, such that each charging coil overlaps at least one other charging coil of the plurality of charging coils.

26. The method of claim 25, wherein the length of the device is a sum of a length of each of the plurality of charging coils minus a length of overlap between each of a plurality of pairs of overlapping charging coils.

27. The method of claim 18, wherein each of the plurality of control units is further configured to receive a signal from a distribution controller and selectively distribute power to one of the charging coils via one of the switches based on the received signal.

28. The method of claim 27, wherein the distribution controller is configured to generate a distribute signal for a first subset of the control units based upon a location of the electric vehicle and a vector of travel of the electric vehicle and communicate the distribute signal to the first subset of control units.

29. The method of claim 18, wherein the control units are further configured to generate a switch signal and the charging coil switches are further configured to receive the switch signal and couple the charging coils to the control units based on the switch signal.

30. The method of claim 18, wherein the plurality of control units is configured to selectively distribute power to the plurality of charging coils in an interleaved manner, wherein each charging coil of the plurality receives power from a different control unit than the charging coils with which it overlaps, such that no control unit distributes power to successive charging coils.

31. The method of claim 18, wherein the control units are configured to:

select at least a first subset of charging coils from the plurality of charging coils;

provide power to at least a first subset of charging coils from the plurality of charging coils; and

determine a direction of current flow through each of the charging coils in the first subset of charging coils.

32. The method of claim 31, wherein the selection of at least the first subset of charging coils is based on a position of the electric vehicle.

33. The method of claim 31, wherein the control unit is further configured, based on a vector of travel of the electric vehicle, to:

successively select at least a second subset of charging coils from the plurality of charging coils;

provide power to the second subset of charging coils; and

determine the direction of current flow through each of the charging coils of the second subset of charging coils.

34. The method of claim 31, wherein the selection of the at least first subset of charging coils and the determination of the direction of current flow is based upon a type of at least one vehicle pad on the electric vehicle.

35. A device for charging an electric vehicle, the device comprising:

a plurality of means for wirelessly charging the electric vehicle, a length between any two wirelessly charging means of the plurality of wirelessly charging means being less than a pitch between at least two vehicle pads of the electric vehicle;

a plurality of means for selectively distributing power to one of the wirelessly charging means; and

a plurality of means for selectively coupling one of the wirelessly charging means to one of the distributing means.

36. The device of claim 35, wherein the wirelessly charging means are further configured to provide power to one or more coils forming a vehicle pad of the electric vehicle.

37. The device of claim 36, wherein the wirelessly charging means simultaneously provide power to a plurality of coils forming the vehicle pad of the electric vehicle.

38. The device of claim 35, wherein each of the plurality of coupling means is configured to couple a specific one of the plurality of wirelessly charging means to one of the plurality of selectively distributing means.

39. The device of claim 35, wherein the length of the device is less than 2.5 meters.

40. The device of claim 35, wherein the length of the device is a sum of a length of each of the wirelessly charging means of the plurality of wirelessly charging means if the wirelessly charging means are installed adjacent to one another in a linear pattern.

41. The device of claim 35, wherein certain of the plurality of wirelessly charging means are configured to overlap with a preceding and a subsequent wirelessly charging means within the device.

42. The device of claim 41 wherein the length of the device is a sum of a length of each of the plurality of wirelessly charging means minus a length of overlap between each of a plurality of pairs of overlapping wirelessly charging means.

43. The device of claim 35, wherein each of the plurality of selectively distributing means is further configured to receive a signal from a distribution controller and selectively distribute power to one of the wirelessly charging means via one of the coupling means based on the received signal.

44. The device of claim 43, wherein the distribution controller is further configured to generate a distribute signal for a first subset of the selectively distributing means based upon a location of the electric vehicle and a vector of travel of the electric vehicle and communicate the distribute signal to the first subset of selectively distributing means.

45. The device of claim 35, wherein the selectively distributing means are configured to generate a switch signal and the coupling means are configured to receive the switch signal and couple the wirelessly charging means to the selectively distributing means based on the switch signal.

46. The device of claim 35, wherein the plurality of selectively distributing means is configured to selectively distribute power to the plurality of wirelessly charging means in an interleaved manner, wherein each wirelessly charging means of the plurality receives power from a different selectively distributing means than the wirelessly charging means with which it overlaps, such that no selectively distributing means distributes power to successive wirelessly charging means.

47. The device of claim 35, wherein the pitch between at least two vehicle pads of the electric vehicle is equal to a number of the wirelessly charging means in the plurality of wirelessly charging means comprised in the device times a pitch between consecutive wirelessly charging means of the plurality of wirelessly charging means plus half the pitch between the consecutive wirelessly charging means.

48. The device of claim 35, wherein the selectively distributing means are configured to:

select at least a first subset of wirelessly charging means from the plurality of wirelessly charging means;

provide power to at least a first subset of wirelessly charging means from the plurality of wirelessly charging means; and

determine a direction of current flow through each of the wirelessly charging means in the first subset of wirelessly charging means.

49. The device of claim 48, wherein the selection of at least the first subset of wirelessly charging means is based on a position of the electric vehicle.

50. The device of claim 48, wherein the selectively distributing means is further configured, based on a vector of travel of the electric vehicle, to:

successively select at least a second subset of wirelessly charging means from the plurality of wirelessly charging means;

provide power to the second subset of wirelessly charging means; and

determine the direction of current flow through each of the wirelessly charging means of the second subset of wirelessly charging means.

51. The device of claim 48, wherein the selection of the at least first subset of wirelessly charging means and the determination of the direction of current flow is based upon a type of at least one vehicle pad on the electric vehicle.