Vehicular power reception device, power supply apparatus, and electric power transfer system

• US 9,533,591 B2
• Filed: 01/30/2012
• Issued: 01/03/2017
• Est. Priority Date: 01/30/2012
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha (Toyota Motor Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha (Toyota Motor Corporation)
• Inventors: Ichikawa, Shinji
• Primary Examiner(s): DIAO, M BAYE
• Application Number:
  US14/374,308
• Publication Number:
  US 20150069963A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,800 Days
• Field of Search: 320/109, 320/108
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 1/02 to electric heating circuits
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2210/30 AC to DC converters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2210/40 DC to AC converters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/12 Speed
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/34 Cabin temperature
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/527 Voltage
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/529 Current
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/662 Temperature
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2250/12 by confirmation, e.g. of the input
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2260/56 Temperature prediction, e.g. for pre-cooling
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/16 with provision for separate direct mechanical propulsion
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/40 using propulsion power supplied by capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/00 Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/11 DC charging controlled by the charging station, e.g. mode 4
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/12 Inductive energy transfer
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/122 Circuits or methods for driving the primary coil, e.g. supplying electric power to the coil
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/126 Methods for pairing a vehicle and a charging station, e.g. establishing a one-to-one relation between a wireless power transmitter and a wireless power receiver
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/14 Conductive energy transfer
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/22 Constructional details or arrangements of charging converters specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/36 by positioning the vehicle
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/53 : Batteries
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/55 : Capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/64 : Optimising energy costs, e.g. responding to electricity rates
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/65 : involving identification of vehicles or their battery types
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/665 : Methods related to measuring, billing or payment
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/68 : Off-site monitoring or control, e.g. remote control
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/15 : Preventing overcharging
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2310/48 : for electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/12 : of the resonant type
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/40 : using two or more transmitting or receiving devices H02J50/50 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/90 : involving detection or optimisation of position, e.g. alignment
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00034 : Charger exchanging data with an electronic device, i.e. telephone, whose internal battery is under charge
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/02 : for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 : Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 : Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/72 : Electric energy management in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/12 : Electric charging stations
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/14 : Plug-in electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/16 : Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/167 : Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles, i.e. smartgrids as interface for battery charging of electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 30/14 : Details associated with the interoperability, e.g. vehicle recognition, authentication, identification or billing

Abstract

Contact charging is performed using a charging inlet and a charger, and non-contact charging is performed using a power transmission unit and a power reception unit. An ECU controls charging power by the contact charging and charging power by the non-contact charging such that the sum of the charging power by the contact charging and the charging power by the non-contact charging does not exceed a predetermined limitation. When the sum of electric power receivable by the contact charging and electric power receivable by the non-contact charging exceeds the predetermined limitation, the ECU controls the charging power by the contact charging and the charging power by the non-contact charging to limit one of the contact charging and the non-contact charging which is less efficient.

Claims

1. A vehicular power reception device for receiving electric power from a power source outside a vehicle, comprising:

a first power reception unit receiving the electric power from said power source via a power line;

a second power reception unit receiving the electric power from said power source in a non-contact manner; and

a control unit controlling first electric power indicative of the electric power received by said first power reception unit and second electric power indicative of the electric power received by said second power reception unit such that the electric power received from said power source does not exceed electric power receivable by said vehicle,

wherein said control unit controls said first electric power and said second electric power based on a sum of said first electric power and said second electric power.

2. The vehicular power reception device according to claim 1, wherein said control unit controls said first electric power and said second electric power such that the sum of said first electric power and said second electric power does not exceed a predetermined limitation.

3. The vehicular power reception device according to claim 2, wherein, when a sum of electric power receivable by said first power reception unit and electric power receivable by said second power reception unit is less than or equal to said predetermined limitation, said control unit controls said first electric power and said second electric power to receive the electric power from said power source using both of said first and second power reception units.

4. The vehicular power reception device according to claim 2, wherein, when a sum of electric power receivable by said first power reception unit and electric power receivable by said second power reception unit exceeds said predetermined limitation, said control unit controls said first electric power and said second electric power to limit one of power reception by said first power reception unit and power reception by said second power reception unit which is less efficient.

5. The vehicular power reception device according to claim 2, further comprising a power storage device charged by said first electric power and said second electric power,

wherein said predetermined limitation is allowable input power indicative of electric power inputtable to said power storage device.

6. The vehicular power reception device according to claim 2, wherein said predetermined limitation is set based on electric power receivable from said power source.

7. The vehicular power reception device according to claim 1, wherein, when power reception using both of said first and second power reception units is requested, said control unit starts power reception by said second power reception unit prior to power reception by said first power reception unit.

8. The vehicular power reception device according to claim 1, wherein, when power reception using both of said first and second power reception units is requested, said control unit starts power reception by said second power reception unit after preparation for the power reception by said second power reception unit is completed and before preparation for the power reception by said first power reception unit is completed.

9. The vehicular power reception device according to claim 1, further comprising a power storage device charged by said first electric power and said second electric power,

wherein said control unit performs full charging control in which charging power for said power storage device is reduced when a state of charge of said power storage device reaches a predetermined amount indicating that said state of charge comes close to a fully charged state, and limits power reception by said second power reception unit when performing said full charging control.

10. The vehicular power reception device according to claim 1, further comprising an electrically powered air-conditioning device capable of performing pre-air-conditioning which conditions air in a vehicle interior before a user uses said vehicle,

wherein, during heating by said pre-air-conditioning, said control unit performs power reception by said first power reception unit.

11. The vehicular power reception device according to claim 1, further comprising an electrically powered air-conditioning device capable of performing pre-air-conditioning which conditions air in a vehicle interior before a user uses said vehicle,

wherein, during cooling by said pre-air-conditioning, said control unit performs power reception by said second power reception unit.

12. The vehicular power reception device according to claim 1, wherein

said power source includes a power transmission unit transmitting electric power to said second power reception unit in the non-contact manner, and

a difference between a natural frequency of said second power reception unit and a natural frequency of said power transmission unit is less than or equal to ±

10% of the natural frequency of said second power reception unit or the natural frequency of said power transmission unit.

13. The vehicular power reception device according to claim 1, wherein

said power source includes a power transmission unit transmitting electric power to said second power reception unit in the non-contact manner, and

a coupling coefficient between said second power reception unit and said power transmission unit is less than or equal to 0.1.

14. The vehicular power reception device according to claim 1, wherein

said power source includes a power transmission unit transmitting electric power to said second power reception unit in the non-contact manner,

said second power reception unit receives the electric power from said power transmission unit through at least one of a magnetic field and an electric field, said magnetic field being formed between said second power reception unit and said power transmission unit, said electric field being formed between said second power reception unit and said power transmission unit, and

said magnetic field and said electric field are formed between said second power reception unit and said power transmission unit, and oscillate at a specific frequency.

15. A power supply apparatus for supplying electric power to a vehicle, comprising:

a first power transmission unit transmitting the electric power to said vehicle via a power line;

a second power transmission unit transmitting the electric power to said vehicle in a non-contact manner; and

a control unit controlling first electric power indicative of the electric power transmitted by said first power transmission unit and second electric power indicative of the electric power transmitted by said second power transmission unit such that the electric power transmitted to said vehicle does not exceed electric power receivable by said vehicle,

wherein said control unit controls said first electric power and said second electric power based on a sum of said first electric power and said second electric power.

16. The power supply apparatus according to claim 15, wherein said control unit controls said first electric power and said second electric power such that the sum of said first electric power and said second electric power does not exceed a predetermined limitation.

17. The power supply apparatus according to claim 16, wherein, when a sum of electric power transmittable by said first power transmission unit and electric power transmittable by said second power transmission unit is less than or equal to said predetermined limitation, said control unit controls said first electric power and said second electric power to transmit the electric power to said vehicle using both of said first and second power transmission units.

18. The power supply apparatus according to claim 16, wherein, when a sum of electric power transmittable by said first power transmission unit and electric power transmittable by said second power transmission unit exceeds said predetermined limitation, said control unit controls said first electric power and said second electric power to limit one of power transmission by said first power transmission unit and power transmission by said second power transmission unit which is less efficient.

19. The power supply apparatus according to claim 15, wherein, when power transmission using both of said first and second power transmission units is requested, said control unit starts power transmission by said second power transmission unit prior to power transmission by said first power transmission unit.

20. The power supply apparatus according to claim 15, wherein, when power transmission using both of said first and second power transmission units is requested, said control unit starts power transmission by said second power transmission unit after preparation for the power transmission by said second power transmission unit is completed and before preparation for the power transmission by said first power transmission unit is completed.

21. The power supply apparatus according to claim 15, wherein

said vehicle includes

a power storage device charged by said first electric power and said second electric power, and

a full charging control unit performing full charging control in which charging power for said power storage device is reduced when a state of charge of said power storage device reaches a predetermined amount indicating that said state of charge comes close to a fully charged state, and

said control unit limits power transmission by said second power transmission unit when said full charging control is performed.

22. The power supply apparatus according to claim 15, wherein

said vehicle includes a power reception unit receiving electric power from said second power transmission unit in the non-contact manner, and

a difference between a natural frequency of said second power transmission unit and a natural frequency of said power reception unit is less than or equal to ±

10% of the natural frequency of said second power transmission unit or the natural frequency of said power reception unit.

23. The power supply apparatus according to claim 15, wherein

said vehicle includes a power reception unit receiving electric power from said second power transmission unit in the non-contact manner, and

a coupling coefficient between said second power transmission unit and said power reception unit is less than or equal to 0.1.

24. The power supply apparatus according to claim 15, wherein

said vehicle includes a power reception unit receiving electric power from said second power transmission unit in the non-contact manner,

said second power transmission unit transmits the electric power to said power reception unit through at least one of a magnetic field and an electric field, said magnetic field being formed between said second power transmission unit and said power reception unit, said electric field being formed between said second power transmission unit and said power reception unit, and

said magnetic field and said electric field are formed between said second power transmission unit and said power reception unit, and oscillate at a specific frequency.

25. An electric power transfer system transferring electric power from a power supply apparatus to a vehicle, comprising:

a first power transmission/reception unit for transferring the electric power from said power supply apparatus to said vehicle via a power line;

a second power transmission/reception unit for transferring the electric power from said power supply apparatus to said vehicle in a non-contact manner; and

a control unit controlling first electric power indicative of the electric power transferred by said first power transmission/reception unit and second electric power indicative of the electric power transferred by said second power transmission/reception unit such that the electric power transferred from said power supply apparatus to said vehicle does not exceed electric power receivable by said vehicle,

wherein said control unit controls said first electric power and said second electric power based on a sum of said first electric power and said second electric power.