Parameter identification offloading using cloud computing resources

• US 9,533,597 B2
• Filed: 03/05/2014
• Issued: 01/03/2017
• Est. Priority Date: 03/05/2014
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Ford Global Technologies, LLC (Ford Motor Company)
• Original Assignee: Ford Global Technologies, LLC (Ford Motor Company)
• Inventors: Li, Yonghua, Kristinsson, Johannes Geir, Syed, Fazal Urrahman
• Primary Examiner(s): Black, Thomas G
• Assistant Examiner(s): PAIGE, TYLER D
• Application Number:
  US14/197,696
• Publication Number:
  US 20150251555A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,035 Days
• Field of Search: 701/22, 702/63
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 15/2009 for braking
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2210/10 DC to DC converters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2210/40 DC to AC converters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/545 Temperature
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/547 Voltage
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/549 Current
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/70 Interactions with external data bases, e.g. traffic centres
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/80 Time limits
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2260/44 by parameter estimation
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 3/12 Recording operating variables ; Monitoring of operating variables
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/16 with provision for separate direct mechanical propulsion
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/61 by batteries charged by engine-driven generators, e.g. series hybrid electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/66 Arrangements of batteries
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/12 responding to state of charge [SoC]
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/20 having different nominal voltages
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/21 having the same nominal voltage
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 7/14 for vehicles propelled by ac motors
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 10/04 including control of propulsion units
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 20/13 in order to stay within battery power input or output limits; in order to prevent overcharging or battery depletion
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2050/0037 Mathematical models of vehicle sub-units
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2510/244 : Charge state
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2510/246 : Temperature
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2510/248 : Age of storage means
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2556/45 : External transmission of data to or from the vehicle
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2710/248 : Current for loading or unloading
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/62 : Hybrid vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/64 : Electric machine technologies in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 : Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 : Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/72 : Electric energy management in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/16 : Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles

Abstract

A vehicle may include battery cells of a battery and at least one controller configured to control the vehicle based on a state observation associated with the battery according to battery model parameters for the cells received from a computing device external to the vehicle and responsive to measurements relating to a battery model of the cells sent to the computing device.

Claims

1. A vehicle comprising:

a traction battery; and

a controller configured to

send measurements relating to a system model of an internal state of the battery to a computing device external to the vehicle during a drive cycle, and

operate the vehicle based on model parameters for the system model received from the computing device during the drive cycle responsive to parameter identification performed by the computing device using the measurements.

2. The vehicle of claim 1, wherein the measurements include measurements of battery voltage, battery current and battery temperature.

3. The vehicle of claim 1, wherein the controller is further configured to periodically collect the measurements of the battery and wherein the measurements include a predetermined number of periodically collected measurements.

4. The vehicle of claim 1, wherein the model includes a battery equivalent circuit model and wherein the controller is further configured to:

perform a state observation to estimate a battery open circuit voltage (OCV) using the model parameters; and

estimate battery state of charge (SOC) based on a mapping of battery OCV to SOC.

5. The vehicle of claim 4, wherein the measurements further include a previous estimate of battery OCV.

6. The vehicle of claim 4, wherein the controller is further configured to at least one of (i) provide an indication of available battery charge in a user interface of the vehicle according to the SOC and (ii) utilize the SOC to configure operation of a hybrid drivetrain of the vehicle.

7. The vehicle of claim 4, wherein the controller is further configured to default to ampere-hour integration to calculate SOC when (i) the model parameters have not been received, or (ii) the model parameters are older than a predetermined age threshold.

8. The vehicle of claim 4, wherein the state observation includes at least one of power capability determination and battery health monitoring.

9. A system comprising:

a computing device configured to

receive, from a vehicle via a communication network during a drive cycle of the vehicle, battery cell measurements corresponding to a battery model of battery cells of the vehicle;

perform parameter identification using the measurements to determine battery model parameters; and

send, to the vehicle via the communication network during the drive cycle, the battery model parameters for the cells responsive to the measurements.

10. The system of claim 9, wherein the measurements include measurements of cell voltage, cell current and cell temperature.

11. The system of claim 9, wherein the measurements include a predetermined number of periodically collected battery measurements.

12. The system of claim 9, wherein the battery model includes a battery equivalent circuit model configured to supply battery equivalent circuit model parameters to estimate a battery open circuit voltage (OCV).

13. The system of claim 12, wherein the measurements further include a previous estimate of battery OCV.

14. The system of claim 9, wherein the measurements further include a time indication of when at least a subset of the battery cell measurements were collected and wherein the computing device is further configured to send the time indication with the battery model parameters.

15. A method comprising:

controlling a vehicle based on a state observation associated with a battery of the vehicle according to battery model parameters for battery cells of the battery received by a vehicle controller during a drive cycle of the vehicle from a computing device external to the vehicle performing parameter identification responsive to measurements relating to a battery model of the cells sent to the computing device from the controller during the drive cycle.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein the measurements include measurements of cell voltage, cell current and cell temperature.

17. The method of claim 15, further comprising periodically collecting the measurements of the battery cells, wherein the measurements include a predetermined number of periodically collected measurements.

18. The method of claim 15, wherein the battery model includes a battery equivalent circuit model, and further comprising:

performing the state observation to estimate a battery open circuit voltage (OCV) using the model parameters; and

estimating battery state of charge (SOC) based on a mapping of battery OCV to SOC.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein the measurements further include a previous estimate of battery OCV.

20. The method of claim 18, further comprising at least one of (i) providing an indication of available battery charge in a user interface of the vehicle according to the SOC and (ii) utilizing the SOC to configure operation of a hybrid drivetrain of the vehicle.