Apparatus with light emitting diodes

• US 9,534,772 B2
• Filed: 06/07/2015
• Issued: 01/03/2017
• Est. Priority Date: 05/31/2007
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: NthDegree Technologies Worldwide Inc.
• Original Assignee: NthDegree Technologies Worldwide Inc.
• Inventors: Lowenthal, Mark David, Ray, William Johnstone, Shotton, Neil O., Blanchard, Richard A., Oraw, Brad, Lewandowski, Mark Allan, Baldridge, Jeffrey, Perozziello, Eric Anthony
• Primary Examiner(s): Santiago, Mariceli
• Application Number:
  US14/732,758
• Publication Number:
  US 20150276194A1
• Time in Patent Office: 576 Days
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: F21K 9/23 Retrofit light sources for lighting devices with a single fitting for each light source, e.g. for substitution of incandescent lamps with bayonet or threaded fittings
• CPC Class Codes: F21K 9/232 specially adapted for generating an essentially omnidirectional light distribution, e.g. with a glass bulb
• CPC Class Codes: F21K 9/27 Retrofit light sources for lighting devices with two fittings for each light source, e.g. for substitution of fluorescent tubes
• CPC Class Codes: F21K 9/275 Details of bases or housings, i.e. the parts between the light-generating element and the end caps; Arrangement of components within bases or housings F21K9/278 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: F21K 9/60 Optical arrangements integrated in the light source, e.g. for improving the colour rendering index or the light extraction
• CPC Class Codes: F21K 9/64 using wavelength conversion means distinct or spaced from the light-generating element, e.g. a remote phosphor layer
• CPC Class Codes: F21K 9/90 Methods of manufacture
• CPC Class Codes: F21V 19/0005 of sources having contact pins, wires or blades, e.g. pinch sealed lamp F21V19/001 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: F21V 23/04 the elements being switches safety devices F21V25/00
• CPC Class Codes: F21V 23/06 the elements being coupling devices , e.g. connectors
• CPC Class Codes: F21V 3/049 Patterns or structured surfaces for diffusing light, e.g. frosted surfaces
• CPC Class Codes: F21V 3/06 characterised by the material
• CPC Class Codes: F21V 5/048 the lens being a simple lens adapted to cooperate with a point-like source for emitting mainly in one direction and having an axis coincident with the main light transmission direction, e.g. convergent or divergent lenses, plano-concave or plano-convex lenses
• CPC Class Codes: F21V 7/0066 specially adapted to cooperate with point like light sources; specially adapted to cooperate with light sources the shape of which is unspecified F21V7/16 - F21V7/30 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: F21V 9/30 Elements containing photoluminescent material distinct from or spaced from the light source shades F21V1/17; globes, bowls or cover glasses F21V3/08, F21V3/12; refractors F21V5/10; reflectors F21V7/26, F21V7/30; elements with provision for controlling the spectral properties or intensity F21V9/40
• CPC Class Codes: F21Y 2101/00 Point-like light sources
• CPC Class Codes: F21Y 2107/20 on convex supports or substrates, e.g. on the outer surface of spheres
• CPC Class Codes: F21Y 2115/10 Light-emitting diodes [LED]
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2224/24137 the bodies being arranged next to each other, e.g. on a common substrate
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2224/32225 the item being non-metallic, e.g. insulating substrate with or without metallisation
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2224/73267 : Layer and HDI connectors
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2224/95101 : in a liquid medium
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 24/24 : of an individual high density interconnect connector
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 24/95 : at chip-level, i.e. with connecting carried out on a plurality of singulated devices, i.e. on diced chips
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 25/0753 : the devices being arranged next to each other
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 27/153 : in a repetitive configuration, e.g. LED bars
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/00 : Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/00014 : the subject-matter covered by the group, the symbol of which is combined with the symbol of this group, being disclosed without further technical details
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/0002 : Not covered by any one of groups H01L24/00, H01L24/00 and H01L2224/00
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/09701 : Low temperature co-fired ceramic [LTCC]
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/12041 : LED
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/12042 : LASER
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/13033 : TRIAC - Triode for Alternating Current - A bidirectional switching device containing two thyristor structures with common gate contact
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/13034 : Silicon Controlled Rectifier [SCR]
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/1305 : Bipolar Junction Transistor [BJT]
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/1306 : Field-effect transistor [FET]
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/13062 : Junction field-effect transistor [JFET]
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/13091 : Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor [MOSFET]
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/14 : Integrated circuits
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 33/06 : within the light emitting region, e.g. quantum confinement structure or tunnel barrier
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 33/20 : with a particular shape, e.g. curved or truncated substrate
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 33/22 : Roughened surfaces, e.g. at the interface between epitaxial layers
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 33/24 : of the light emitting region, e.g. non-planar junction
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 33/32 : containing nitrogen
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 33/38 : with a particular shape
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 33/382 : the electrode extending partially in or entirely through the semiconductor body
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 33/42 : Transparent materials
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 33/483 : Containers
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 33/486 : adapted for surface mounting
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 33/50 : Wavelength conversion elements
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 33/58 : Optical field-shaping elements
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 33/62 : Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the semiconductor body, e.g. lead-frames, wire-bonds or solder balls
• CPC Class Codes: H10K 50/80 : Constructional details
• CPC Class Codes: H10K 50/805 : Electrodes
• CPC Class Codes: H10K 59/90 : Assemblies of multiple devices comprising at least one organic light-emitting element
• CPC Class Codes: H10K 71/00 : Manufacture or treatment specially adapted for the organic devices covered by this subclass

Abstract

An exemplary printable composition of a liquid or gel suspension of diodes comprises a plurality of diodes, a first solvent and/or a viscosity modifier. An exemplary apparatus comprises: a plurality of diodes; at least a trace amount of a first solvent; and a polymeric or resin film at least partially surrounding each diode of the plurality of diodes. Various exemplary diodes have a lateral dimension between about 10 to 50 microns and about 5 to 25 microns in height. Other embodiments may also include a plurality of substantially chemically inert particles having a range of sizes between about 10 to about 50 microns.

Claims

1. A lighting apparatus comprising:

a plurality of first conductors;

a plurality of light emitting diodes distributed in parallel on a first conductor of the plurality of first conductors, at least some of the plurality of light emitting diodes having a first, forward-bias orientation and at least one of the plurality of light emitting diodes having a second, reverse-bias orientation;

at least one second conductor coupled to the plurality of diodes and coupled to a second conductor of the plurality of first conductors; and

a dispersion structure, panel or layer.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the plurality of first conductors have an interdigitated comb structure.

3. The apparatus of claim 2, further comprising:

a plurality of second conductors, wherein the at least one second conductor is a first second conductor of the plurality of second conductors;

wherein the plurality of first conductors and the plurality of second conductors are arranged to provide series coupled regions of the plurality of light emitting diodes.

4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the plurality of first conductors, or the at least one second conductor, or both the plurality of first conductors and the at least one second conductor comprise:

a transparent conductive material or compound.

5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the plurality of light emitting diodes further comprise:

a first plurality of light emitting diodes for emission of red light or for light emission in a first spectral range;

a second plurality of light emitting diodes for emission of green light or for light emission in a second spectral range; and

a third plurality of light emitting diodes for emission of blue light or for light emission in a third spectral range.

6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the dispersion structure, panel or layer further comprises:

at least one color layer or region, the at least one color layer or region comprising;

a plurality of color tones, or half tones, or color pixels, or any combination thereof.

7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the dispersion structure, panel or layer is substantially perpendicular to a plane formed by the plurality of light emitting diodes.

8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the dispersion structure, panel or layer further comprises:

at least one light extraction element or at least one mirror or reflective structure.

9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the at least one light extraction element is selected from the group consisting of:

at least one lens, a surface texture, a mirror, an optical grating, and combinations thereof.

10. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising:

an electrical interface coupled to the plurality of first conductors; and

optionally a power source couplable to the electrical interface.

11. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus is at least one of the following:

a light bulb, a light tube, a lamp, a lighting fixtures, an indoor lighting fixture, an outdoor lighting fixture, a lamp shade, an architectural lighting fixture, work or task lighting fixture, an overhead lighting fixture, a safety lighting fixture, a dimmable lighting fixture, a colored lighting fixture, a theatrical lighting fixture, a color-changeable lighting fixture, a display lighting fixture, display lighting, an addressable display, a backlight, a display backlight, a mirror, indicia, signage, a package, a carton, a business product, an industrial product, an architectural product, a building product, and combinations thereof.

12. A lighting system comprising:

a light dispersive or reflective structure; and

a light emitting structure to provide illumination to the light dispersive or reflective structure, the light emitting structure comprising;

a plurality of first conductors;

a plurality of light emitting diodes distributed in parallel on a first conductor of the plurality of first conductors, at least some of the plurality of light emitting diodes having a first, forward-bias orientation and at least one of the plurality of light emitting diodes having a second, reverse-bias orientation; and

at least one second conductor coupled to the plurality of diodes and coupled to a second conductor of the plurality of first conductors.

13. The lighting system of claim 12, wherein the light dispersive or reflective structure further comprises:

at least one emissive or luminescent layer or region.

14. The lighting system of claim 12, wherein the light dispersive or reflective structure further comprises:

at least one color layer or region.

15. The lighting system of claim 14, wherein the at least one color layer or region further comprises:

a plurality of color tones, or half tones, or color pixels, or any combination thereof.

16. The lighting system of claim 12, wherein the light dispersive or reflective structure further comprises:

at least one light extraction element, the at least one light extraction element selected from the group consisting of;

at least one lens, a surface texture, a mirror, an optical grating, and combinations thereof.

17. The lighting system of claim 12, wherein the light dispersive or reflective structure further comprises:

at least one mirror or reflective structure.

18. The lighting system of claim 12, wherein the lighting system is at least one of the following:

a light bulb, a light tube, a lamp, a lighting fixtures, an indoor lighting fixture, an outdoor lighting fixture, a lamp shade, an architectural lighting fixture, work or task lighting fixture, an overhead lighting fixture, a safety lighting fixture, a dimmable lighting fixture, a colored lighting fixture, a theatrical lighting fixture, a color-changeable lighting fixture, a display lighting fixture, display lighting, an addressable display, a backlight, a display backlight, a mirror, indicia, signage, a package, a carton, a business product, an industrial product, an architectural product, a building product, and combinations thereof.

19. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the plurality of first conductors have an interdigitated comb structure.

20. The apparatus of claim 19, further comprising:

a plurality of second conductors, wherein the at least one second conductor is a first second conductor of the plurality of second conductors;

wherein the plurality of first conductors and the plurality of second conductors are arranged to provide series coupled regions of the plurality of light emitting diodes.

21. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the plurality of first conductors, or the at least one second conductor, or both the plurality of first conductors and the at least one second conductor comprise:

transparent conductors.

22. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the plurality of light emitting diodes further comprise:

a first plurality of light emitting diodes for emission of red light or for light emission in a first spectral range;

a second plurality of light emitting diodes for emission of green light or for light emission in a second spectral range; and

a third plurality of light emitting diodes for emission of blue light or for light emission in a third spectral range.

23. A lighting apparatus comprising:

a plurality of first conductors;

a plurality of light emitting diodes distributed in parallel on a first conductor of the plurality of first conductors, at least some of the plurality of light emitting diodes having a first, forward-bias orientation and at least one of the plurality of light emitting diodes having a second, reverse-bias orientation;

a plurality of second conductors coupled to the plurality of diodes, a first conductor of the plurality of second conductors coupled to a second conductor of the plurality of first conductors; and

a dispersion structure, panel or layer comprising at least one light extraction element or at least one mirror or reflective structure.

24. The apparatus of claim 23, wherein the plurality of first conductors have an interdigitated comb structure, and wherein the plurality of first conductors and the plurality of second conductors are arranged to provide series coupled regions of the plurality of light emitting diodes.

25. The apparatus of claim 23, wherein the plurality of first conductors, or the plurality of second conductors, or both the plurality of first conductors and the plurality of second conductors, comprise:

a transparent conductive material or compound.

26. The apparatus of claim 23, wherein the plurality of light emitting diodes further comprise:

a first plurality of light emitting diodes for emission of red light or for light emission in a first spectral range;

a second plurality of light emitting diodes for emission of green light or for light emission in a second spectral range; and

a third plurality of light emitting diodes for emission of blue light or for light emission in a third spectral range.

27. The apparatus of claim 23, wherein the dispersion structure, panel or layer further comprises:

at least one color layer or region, the at least one color layer or region comprising;

a plurality of color tones, or half tones, or color pixels, or any combination thereof.

28. The apparatus of claim 23, wherein the dispersion structure, panel or layer is substantially perpendicular to a plane formed by the plurality of light emitting diodes.

29. The apparatus of claim 23, wherein the at least one light extraction element is selected from the group consisting of:

at least one lens, a surface texture, a mirror, an optical grating, and combinations thereof.

30. The apparatus of claim 23, further comprising:

an electrical interface coupled to the plurality of first conductors; and

optionally a power source couplable to the electrical interface.