Delivery of packages by unmanned aerial vehicles

• US 9,536,216 B1
• Filed: 12/18/2014
• Issued: 01/03/2017
• Est. Priority Date: 12/18/2014
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Amazon Technologies, Inc. (Amazon.com, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Amazon Technologies, Inc. (Amazon.com, Inc.)
• Inventors: Lisso, Gregory Karl
• Primary Examiner(s): Cheung, Calvin
• Assistant Examiner(s): Martinez Borrero, Luis A
• Application Number:
  US14/576,066
• Time in Patent Office: 747 Days
• Field of Search: 533/17, 534/10, 534/32, 534/72, 534/90, 534/71, 264/115, 264/138, 264/249, 264/51, 264/54, 701/23, 701/3, 701/28, 701/409, 701/49, 701/16, 701/408, 701/522, 705/26.81, 705/26.61, 705/14.24, 705/14.52, 705/16, 705/26.2, 705/26.25
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 44/1266 the preformed part being completely encapsulated, e.g. for packaging purposes or as reinforcement
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 44/5681 Covering the foamed object with, e.g. a lining
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 44/60 Measuring, controlling or regulating
• CPC Class Codes: B29C 65/50 using adhesive tape , e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like B29C65/3444 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: B29K 2105/04 cellular or porous
• CPC Class Codes: B29K 2105/20 Inserts
• CPC Class Codes: B29K 2995/0003 having particular electrical or magnetic properties, e.g. piezoelectric
• CPC Class Codes: B29K 2995/0089 Impact strength or toughness
• CPC Class Codes: B29L 2031/712 Containers; Packaging elements or accessories, Packages closures therefor B29L2031/56; ink or toner cartridges B29L2031/7678; squeeze tubes B29L2023/20; suitcases B29L2031/7418
• CPC Class Codes: B65B 2210/04 Customised on demand packaging by determining a specific characteristic, e.g. shape or height, of articles or material to be packaged and selecting, creating or adapting a packaging accordingly, e.g. making a carton starting from web material
• CPC Class Codes: B65B 35/56 Orientating, i.e. changing the attitude of, articles, e.g. of non-uniform cross-section
• CPC Class Codes: B65B 43/00 Forming, feeding, opening or setting-up containers or receptacles in association with packaging forming pockets in sheets, blanks or webs, by pressing the material into forming dies or moving it through folding dies B65B47/00
• CPC Class Codes: B65B 5/02 Machines characterised by incorporation of means for making the containers or receptacles
• CPC Class Codes: B65B 61/182 by applying tear-strips or tear-tapes
• CPC Class Codes: B65D 5/50 Internal supporting or protecting elements for contents elements formed by inward-folding of a wall extending from, and continuously around, an end of a tubular body B65D5/06; partitions B65D5/48
• CPC Class Codes: G01C 21/20 Instruments for performing navigational calculations G01C21/24, G01C21/26 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 19/13 Receivers
• CPC Class Codes: G05D 1/105 specially adapted for unpowered flight, e.g. glider, parachuting, forced landing parachutes per se B64D17/00
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 10/0832 Special goods or special handling procedures, e.g. handling of hazardous or fragile goods

Abstract

A package delivery apparatus uses an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) to deliver a package containing a product to a delivery destination area. The UAV uses GPS signals to guide it to the delivery destination area and an altimeter to determine its height above the delivery destination area. The UAV then adjusts its height to a preferred drop or release height for that package and product and releases the package. An optional camera allows a human operator to view the delivery destination area. An expandable foam package surrounds the product to protect the product from impact and moisture. The package may be streamlined to reduce air resistance and increase the range of the UAV. The package characteristics, such as its thickness, are determined based one or more of the weight and fragile nature of the product, and the drop height.

Claims

1. A method to deliver a product using an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), the method comprising:

receiving, from a personal electronic device of a customer, a request to deliver the product;

receiving location information indicating a delivery destination for the product;

calculating a drop height above the delivery destination from which the product is to be dropped, the drop height being based at least in part upon a nature of the product, a nature of the package, and a nature of the delivery destination;

determining, based at least in part on the calculated drop height, a package to provide protection for the product;

inserting the product and an expanding foam into a mold form;

forming the package around the product using the expanding foam and the mold form;

attaching the package to a package holding device of the UAV; and

dispatching the UAV to the calculated drop height above the delivery destination.

2. The method of claim 1, further comprising releasing the package from the determined drop height after the UAV arrives at the delivery destination.

3. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

receiving a specified delivery time for the package;

determining an estimated departure time for the UAV to reach the delivery destination at the specified delivery time; and

dispatching the UAV carrying the package no later than the estimated departure time.

4. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

prior to dispatching the UAV, requesting confirmation of at least one of the location information, the delivery destination, or the specified delivery time; and

wherein the UAV is dispatched if confirmation is received.

14. The method of claim 1 and further comprising providing identification information for the package, the identification information comprising at least one of:

an identification of a recipient of the package, an order number, the delivery destination, or an identification of the product within the package.

15. The method of claim 14, further comprising providing a poly wrap around the package and imprinting the identification information on the poly wrap.

16. The method of claim 1, further comprising inserting a radio frequency identification (RFID) tag into the expanding foam.

5. A system to package a product to be delivered by an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), the system comprising:

one or more servers to;

receive, from a customer'"'"'s personal electronics device, an electronic request to deliver the product,

receive location information from the personal electronic device indicating a delivery destination for the product,

calculate a drop height above the delivery destination at which the product is to be dropped, the drop height being based at least in part upon attributes of the product, the package, and the delivery destination,

determine, based at least in part on the calculated drop height, a construction for a package to protect the product, and

dispatch the UAV carrying the package to the calculated drop height at the delivery destination; and

mold forms, to receive expanding foam to enclose the product and create the package, the mold forms not being part of the package.

6. The system of claim 5, wherein the location information received by the one or more servers comprises Global Positioning System (GPS) coordinates.

7. The system of claim 5, wherein the one or more servers receive at least one image of the delivery destination and cause that information to be displayed to an operator.

8. The system of claim 5, wherein the one or more servers determine an estimated departure time for the UAV based on at least one of a specified delivery time or a distance the UAV must travel to the delivery destination.

9. The system of claim 5, wherein the one or more servers determine a preferred orientation for the product, and cause the product to be positioned in the package so that a center of gravity of the package orients the product in the preferred orientation.

10. The system of claim 5, wherein the one or more servers determine a preferred orientation for the product, and cause a weight to be placed in the package so that a center of gravity of the package with the product and the weight orients the product in the preferred orientation.

11. The system of claim 5, wherein the one or more servers cause a sticky material to be placed on at least one side of the package to reduce the tendency of the package to roll.

12. The system of claim 5, wherein the one or more servers determine whether the package should have one or more of:

an aerodynamically streamlined shape, a speed reducing device, an eyelet to lift the package, or a tape or string to open the package.

13. The system of claim 5, wherein the one or more servers, prior to the dispatch of the UAV,

send a request to a user for confirmation of at least one of the location information, the delivery destination, or the specified delivery time, and

receive from the user a confirmation of the at least one of the location information, the delivery destination, or the specified delivery time.

17. A method comprising:

receiving, from a customer'"'"'s personal electronics device, a request to deliver a product via an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV);

determining location information indicating a delivery destination for the product;

calculating a drop height above the delivery destination from which the product is to be dropped, the drop height being based at least in part upon at least one of a nature of the product, a nature of the package, or a nature of the delivery destination;

determining, based at least in part on the calculated drop height, a package to provide protection for the product;

determining a preferred orientation for the product, and positioning the product in the package so that a center of gravity of the package with the product orients the product in the preferred orientation;

generating the package around the product using expanding foam and mold forms;

dispatching the UAV carrying the package to the calculated drop height above the delivery destination;

receiving a signal from the UAV indicating the UAV is at the delivery destination and at the drop height; and

sending a signal to the UAV, the signal causing the UAV to release the package at the delivery destination from the calculated drop height.

18. The method of claim 17, further comprising placing a weight in the package so that a center of gravity of the package with the product and the weight orients the product in the preferred orientation.

19. The method of claim 17, further comprising placing a sticky material on at least one side of the package to reduce the tendency of the package to roll.

20. The method of claim 17, where the drop height is based on attributes associated with the product, the package, and the delivery destination.