Apparatus, system and method for charge balancing of individual batteries in a string of batteries using battery voltage and temperature, and detecting and preventing thermal runaway
First Claim
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1. A method of load balancing comprising:
- measuring a first voltage and a first temperature of a first battery in a string of batteries;
measuring a second voltage and a second temperature of a second battery in the string of batteries;
setting a first target voltage based on a first nominal battery voltage associated with the first temperature;
setting a second target voltage based on a second nominal battery voltage associated with the second temperature;
controlling a first current to the first battery to;
maintain the first voltage when the first voltage is at the first target voltage;
increase the first voltage when the first voltage is below the first target voltage; and
decrease the first voltage when the first voltage is above the first target voltage; and
controlling a second current to the second battery to;
maintain the second voltage when the second voltage is at the second target voltage;
increase the second voltage when the second voltage is below the second target voltage; and
decrease the second voltage when the second voltage is above the second target voltage.
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Abstract
Implementations of the present disclosure involve a system and method for load balancing a string of jars. The temperature and voltage of each jar is measured and a target voltage for the jar is set based on the measured temperature. A current is supplied to the jar in order to maintain, increase, or decrease the jar'"'"'s voltage.
170 Citations
19 Claims
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1. A method of load balancing comprising:
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measuring a first voltage and a first temperature of a first battery in a string of batteries; measuring a second voltage and a second temperature of a second battery in the string of batteries; setting a first target voltage based on a first nominal battery voltage associated with the first temperature; setting a second target voltage based on a second nominal battery voltage associated with the second temperature; controlling a first current to the first battery to; maintain the first voltage when the first voltage is at the first target voltage; increase the first voltage when the first voltage is below the first target voltage; and decrease the first voltage when the first voltage is above the first target voltage; and controlling a second current to the second battery to; maintain the second voltage when the second voltage is at the second target voltage; increase the second voltage when the second voltage is below the second target voltage; and decrease the second voltage when the second voltage is above the second target voltage. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8)
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9. A load balancing system comprising:
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a first battery monitor operably coupled to a first battery in a string of batteries the first battery monitor recording a first voltage and a first temperature of the first battery; a second battery monitor operably coupled to a second battery in the string of batteries, the second battery monitor recording a second voltage and a second temperature of the second battery; a controller configured to receive the first voltage and the first temperature from the first battery monitor, and further configured to receive the second voltage and the second temperature from the second battery monitor, wherein the controller; sets a first target voltage for the first battery based on a first nominal battery voltage associated with the first temperature; sets a second target voltage for the second battery based on a second nominal battery voltage associated with the second temperature; controls a first current supplied to the first battery using a first bypass circuit to; maintain the first voltage when the first voltage is at the first target voltage; increase the first voltage when the first voltage is below the first target voltage; and decrease the first voltage when the first voltage is above the first target voltage; and controls a second current supplied to the second battery using a second bypass circuit to; maintain the second voltage when the second voltage is at the second target voltage; increase the second voltage when the second voltage is below the second target voltage; and decrease the second voltage when the second voltage is above the first target voltage. - View Dependent Claims (10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16)
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17. A method of load balancing comprising:
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measuring a first voltage and a first temperature of a first battery in a string of batteries; setting a first target voltage based on a first nominal battery voltage associated with the first temperature; obtaining a first current based on a difference between the first voltage and the first target voltage; measuring a second voltage and a second temperature of a second battery in the string of batteries; setting a second target voltage based on a second nominal battery voltage associated with the second temperature; obtaining a second current based on a difference between the second voltage and the second target voltage; obtaining a third current that is greater than or equal to a larger of the first current and the second current; controlling the first current to maintain the first voltage when the first voltage is at the first target voltage, increase the first voltage when the first voltage is below the first target voltage, and decrease the first voltage when the first voltage is above the first target voltage by routing a first portion of the third current from the first battery using a first bypass circuit operably coupled to the first battery; and controlling the second current to maintain the second voltage when the second voltage is at the second target voltage, increase the second voltage when the second voltage is below the second target voltage, and decrease the second voltage when the second voltage is above the second target voltage by routing a second portion of the third current from the second battery using a second bypass circuit operably coupled to the second battery. - View Dependent Claims (18, 19)
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Specification