Segment routing over label distribution protocol

• US 9,537,718 B2
• Filed: 12/04/2013
• Issued: 01/03/2017
• Est. Priority Date: 03/15/2013
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Cisco Technology, Inc. (Cisco Systems, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Cisco Technology, Inc. (Cisco Systems, Inc.)
• Inventors: Bashandy, Ahmed R., Filsfils, Clarence, Ward, David D.
• Primary Examiner(s): Liu, Jung-Jen
• Application Number:
  US14/096,358
• Publication Number:
  US 20140269721A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,126 Days
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 12/4633 Interconnection of networks using encapsulation techniques, e.g. tunneling
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 41/12 Discovery or management of network topologies
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 45/04 Interdomain routing, e.g. hierarchical routing
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 45/12 Shortest path evaluation
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 45/46 Cluster building
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 45/50 using label swapping, e.g. multi-protocol label switch [MPLS]
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 45/507 Label distribution
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 45/54 Organization of routing tables
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 45/74 Address processing for routing
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 45/745 Address table lookup; Address filtering
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 45/7452 Multiple parallel or consecutive lookup operations lookup operation involving Bloom filters H04L45/7459
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/724 at intermediate nodes, e.g. resource reservation protocol [RSVP]
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 49/608 ATM switches adapted to switch variable length packets, e.g. IP packets

Abstract

An apparatus and method is disclosed for segment routing (SR) over label distribution protocol (LDP). In one embodiment, the method includes a node receiving a packet with an attached segment ID. In response, the node may attach a label to the packet. Thereafter, the node may forward the packet with the attached label and segment ID to another node via a label switched path (LSP).

Claims

1. A method comprising:

receiving a packet with an attached first segment ID, wherein

the packet is received by a segment routing/label distribution protocol (SR/LDP) node,

the attached first segment ID is advertised in a segment ID advertisement, and

the attached first segment ID identifies a nodal segment or an adjacency segment;

attaching a first label to the packet; and

forwarding the packet with the attached first label and the attached first segment ID toward a first node, wherein

the first node comprises a label distribution protocol (LDP) node.

2. The method of claim 1 further comprising the first node swapping the first label with a second label, and the first node forwarding the packet with attached second label and the attached first segment ID to a second node.

3. The method of claim 2 further comprising the second node detaching the second label from the packet, and the second node forwarding the packet with the attached first segment ID to a third node.

4. The method of claim 3 further comprising the third node forwarding the packet with attached first segment ID to a fourth node via shortest path to the fourth node, wherein the first, second, third, and fourth nodes are contained in a provider network, and wherein the first segment ID uniquely identifies the fourth node within the provider network.

5. The method of claim 1 wherein the first segment ID is attached to the packet via a header that comprises a plurality of segment IDs including the first segment ID, wherein the first segment ID is assigned to a node in a provider network.

6. The method of claim 5 wherein the node is the first node.

7. The method of claim 1 further comprising:

accessing a memory structure using the first segment ID;

reading the first label in response to accessing the memory structure, wherein the first label is mapped directly or indirectly to the first segment ID in the memory structure.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein

the receiving is performed by a SR/LDP node in a hybrid network, and

the hybrid network comprises one or more LDP nodes and one or more SR nodes.

9. An apparatus comprising:

a first node comprising an input interface configured to receive a packet with an attached first segment ID, wherein

the first node comprises a segment routing/label distribution protocol (SR/LDP) node,

the first segment ID is advertised in a segment ID advertisement, and

the attached first segment ID identifies a nodal segment or an adjacency segment;

the first node comprising a memory structure that maps the first segment ID directly or indirectly to a first label;

the first node comprising a module configured to attach the first label to the packet; and

the first node comprising an output interface configured to transmit the packet to a second node with the attached first label and the attached first segment ID, wherein

the second node comprises a label distribution protocol (LDP) node.

10. The apparatus of claim 9 further comprising:

a second node comprising an input interface configured to receive the packet with the attached first segment ID and the attached first label;

the second node comprising a memory structure that maps the first label to a second label;

the second node comprising a module configured to swapping the first label attached to the packet with the second label;

an output interface configured to transmit the packet with the attached second label and the attached first segment ID.

11. The apparatus of claim 10 further comprising:

a third node comprising an input interface configured to receive the packet with the attached first segment ID and an attached third label;

the third node comprising a second module for detaching the third label from the packet; and

the third node comprising an output interface for transmitting the packet with attached first segment ID.

12. The apparatus of claim 11 further comprising:

a fourth node comprising an input interface configured to receive the packet with the attached first segment ID;

the fourth node comprising a memory structure that maps the first segment ID to an output interface identification;

the fourth node comprising an output interface for transmitting the packet with the attached first segment ID;

wherein the output interface of the fourth node corresponds to the output interface identification.

13. The apparatus of claim 12 where the first, second, third, and fourth nodes are contained in a provider network, and wherein the first segment ID uniquely identifies the fourth node within the provider network.

14. The system of claim 12 where the first, second, third, and fourth nodes are contained in a provider network, and wherein the first segment ID uniquely identifies the fourth node within the provider network.

15. The apparatus of claim 9 wherein the first segment ID is attached to the packet via a header that comprises a plurality of segment IDs including the first segment ID, wherein the first segment ID is assigned to a node in a provider network.

16. A system comprising:

a first node comprising an input interface configured to receive a packet with an attached first segment ID, wherein

the first node comprises a segment routing/label distribution protocol (SR/LDP) node,

the first segment ID is advertised in a segment ID advertisement, and

the attached first segment ID identifies a nodal segment or an adjacency segment;

the first node comprising a means for mapping the first segment ID directly or indirectly to a first label;

the first node comprising a means for attaching the first label to the packet; and

the first node comprising an output interface configured to transmit the packet to a second node with the attached first label and the attached first segment ID, wherein

the second node comprises a label distribution protocol (LDP) node.

17. The system of claim 16 further comprising:

a second node comprising an input interface configured to receive the packet with the attached first segment ID and the attached first label;

the second node comprising a means for mapping the first label to a second label;

the second node comprising a means for swapping the first label attached to the packet with the second label; and

the second node comprising an output interface configured to transmit the packet with the attached second label and the attached first segment ID.

18. The system of claim 17 further comprising:

a third node comprising an input interface configured to receive the packet with the attached first segment ID and an attached third label;

the third node comprising a means for detaching the third label from the packet; and

the third node comprising an output interface for transmitting the packet with attached first segment ID.

19. The system of claim 17 further comprising:

a fourth node comprising an input interface configured to receive the packet with the attached first segment ID;

the fourth node comprising a means for mapping the first segment ID to an output interface identification;

the fourth node comprising an output interface for transmitting the packet with the attached first segment ID;

wherein the output interface of the fourth node corresponds to the output interface identification.

20. The system of claim 16 wherein the first segment ID is attached to the packet via a header that comprises a plurality of segment IDs including the first segment ID, wherein the first segment ID is assigned to a node in a provider network.