Switching regulator and comparator-based zero current detection method used by the switching regulator

• US 9,543,829 B2
• Filed: 01/03/2014
• Issued: 01/10/2017
• Est. Priority Date: 01/07/2013
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd.
• Original Assignee: Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd.
• Inventors: Choi, Min-ho, Keum, Dong-Jin
• Primary Examiner(s): Dole, Timothy J
• Assistant Examiner(s): JAMALI, ISHRAT F
• Application Number:
  US14/146,775
• Publication Number:
  US 20140191744A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,103 Days
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/0009 Devices or circuits for detecting current in a converter
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/0032 Control circuits allowing low power mode operation, e.g. in standby mode
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/32 Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/156 with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/157 with digital control
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/158 including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/1588 comprising at least one synchronous rectifier element H02M3/1582, H02M3/1584 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 70/10 Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

Abstract

Provided are a switching regulator and a comparator-based zero current detection method. The switching regulator comprises: a switch configured to connect to a switching node and control an inductor current flowing through the switching node; and a switch controller configured to control a turn-off time of the switch by detecting a change in a voltage of the switching node after the switch is turned off, wherein the switch controller comprises: a comparator configured to compare a first voltage applied to a first input terminal connected to the switching node with a second voltage applied to a second input terminal connected to a first terminal of the switch; and a control logic configured to receive a comparison signal of the comparator and control an offset of the comparator to adjust the turn-off time of the switch.

Claims

1. A switching regulator comprising:

a switch configured to connect to a switching node and control an inductor current flowing through the switching node; and

a switch controller configured to control a turn-off time of the switch by detecting a change in a voltage of the switching node after the switch is turned off,

wherein the switch controller comprises;

a comparator configured to compare a first voltage applied to a first input terminal connected to the switching node with a second voltage applied to a second input terminal connected to a first terminal of the switch and generate a comparison signal based on the comparison; and

a control logic configured to receive the comparison signal of the comparator and control an offset of the comparator to adjust the turn-off time of the switch based on the comparison signal, and

wherein the control logic is configured to reduce the offset of the comparator if the comparison signal indicates that the turn-off time is before the inductor current becomes zero and increase the offset of the comparator if the comparison signal indicates that the turn-off time is after the inductor current becomes zero.

2. The switching regulator of claim 1, wherein the control logic controls the offset of the comparator using a digital offset control signal.

3. The switching regulator of claim 2, wherein the control logic comprises:

an up-down counter configured to increase or decrease a number of bits of the digital offset control signal;

an offset control logic configured to control the up-down counter based on the comparison signal; and

a timing control logic configured to control a time when an enable signal is transmitted to the comparator.

4. The switching regulator of claim 1, wherein the switch controller is a zero current detector.

5. The switching regulator of claim 4, wherein the switch controller further comprises:

a D flip-flop configured to output a predetermined zero current detection signal in response to receiving the comparison signal.

6. The switching regulator of claim 1, further comprising a parasitic diode provided between the first terminal and a second terminal of the switch,

wherein a level of the comparison signal changes, after the switch is turned off, when a voltage of the switching node is dropped by the parasitic diode.

7. The switching regulator of claim 6, wherein if the level of the comparison signal changes, the control logic delays the turn-off time of the switch by reducing the offset of the comparator.

8. The switching regulator of claim 6, wherein if the level of the comparison signal does not change because the voltage of the switching node does not drop after the switch is turned off, the control logic advances the turn-off time of the switch by increasing the offset of the comparator.

9. The switching regulator of claim 1,

wherein after the offset of the comparator is set to m, if it is required to increase the offset to (m+1):

if the offset of the comparator was set to m by being increased from (m−

1), the control logic sets the offset of the comparator to (m+1); and

if the offset of the comparator was set to m by being decreased from (m+1), the control logic maintains the offset of the comparator at m for P times and then sets the offset of the comparator to (m+1), and

wherein after the offset of the comparator is set to m, if it is required to decrease the offset to (m−

1);

if the offset of the comparator was set to m by being decreased from (m+1), the control logic sets the offset of the comparator to (m−

1); and

if the offset of the comparator was set to m by being increased from (m−

1), the control logic maintains the offset of the comparator at m for Q times and then sets the offset of the comparator to (m−

1), and

wherein 1≦

m≦

n, m and n are natural numbers of digital bits, and P and Q are natural numbers.

10. The switching regulator of claim 1, wherein the control logic blocks an enable signal provided to the comparator if a predetermined period of time has passed since a zero current detection signal at a second level was generated, and controls the offset of the comparator by detecting the comparison signal output from the comparator when the comparator is enabled.

11. The switching regulator of claim 1, wherein the switch is an NMOS transistor.

12. The switching regulator of claim 1, wherein the switching regulator comprises a synchronous type switching regulator.

13. A comparator-based zero current detection method used by a switching regulator, the method comprising:

setting an offset of a comparator, which has a value from 1 to n, to m; and

if it is required to increase the offset to (m+1);

setting the offset of the comparator to (m+1) if the offset of the comparator was set to m by being increased from (m−

1), and

maintaining the offset of the comparator at m for P times and then setting the offset of the comparator to (m+1) if the offset of the comparator was set to m by being decreased from (m+1),

wherein 1≦

m≦

n, m and n are natural numbers of digital bits, and P is a natural number.

14. The method of claim 13, further comprising:

if it is required to decrease the offset to (m−

1);

setting the offset of the comparator to (m−

1) if the offset of the comparator was set to m by being decreased from (m+1), and

maintaining the offset of the comparator at m for Q times and then setting the offset of the comparator to (m−

1) if the offset of the comparator was set to m by being increased from (m−

1),

wherein Q is a natural number.

15. The method of claim 14, wherein P and Q are different natural numbers.

16. A switch controller, comprising:

a comparator comprising a first input terminal and a second input terminal, and configured to compare a first voltage applied to the first input terminal connected to an external switching node through which an inductor current flows with a second voltage applied to the second input terminal connected to a first terminal of an external switch; and

a control logic configured to receive a comparison signal of the comparator based on the comparison of the first voltage and the second voltage, and control an offset of the comparator to adjust a turn-off time of the external switch,

wherein the control logic is configured to reduce the offset of the comparator if the comparison signal indicates that the turn-off time is before the inductor current becomes zero and increase the offset of the comparator if the comparison signal indicates that the turn-off time is after the inductor current becomes zero.

17. The switch controller according to claim 16, wherein the switch controller further comprises:

a D flip-flop configured to output a predetermined zero current detection signal in response to the comparison signal of the comparator.

18. The switching controller according to claim 16, wherein the switch controller is a zero current detector.

19. The switching controller according to claim 16, wherein the offset of the comparator is controlled using a digital offset control signal.

20. The switching controller according to claim 19, wherein the control logic comprises:

an up-down counter configured to increase or decrease a number of bits of the digital offset control signal;

an offset control logic configured to control the up-down counter based on the comparison signal of the comparator; and

a timing control logic configured to control a time when an enable signal is transmitted to the comparator.