Detecting, quantifying, and/or classifying seizures using multimodal data

• US 9,545,226 B2
• Filed: 10/20/2015
• Issued: 01/17/2017
• Est. Priority Date: 10/01/2010
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Flint Hills Scientific, LLC
• Original Assignee: Flint Hills Scientific, LLC
• Inventors: Osorio, Ivan
• Primary Examiner(s): Gedeon, Brian T
• Application Number:
  US14/887,617
• Publication Number:
  US 20160135727A1
• Time in Patent Office: 455 Days
• Field of Search: None
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2562/0219 Inertial sensors, e.g. accelerometers, gyroscopes, tilt switches
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0205 Simultaneously evaluating both cardiovascular conditions and different types of body conditions, e.g. heart and respiratory condition
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/02055 Simultaneously evaluating both cardiovascular condition and temperature
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/021 Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels A61B5/0205 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/02405 Determining heart rate variability
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0245 by using sensing means generating electric signals, i.e. ECG signals
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/026 Measuring blood flow A61B3/1233, A61B3/1241 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0531 Measuring skin impedance
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0816 Measuring devices for examining respiratory frequency measuring frequency of electric signals G01R23/00
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/1117 Fall detection
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/113 occurring during breathing
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/318 Heart-related electrical modalities, e.g. electrocardiography [ECG]
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/33 specially adapted for cooperation with other devices
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/4094 Diagnosing or monitoring seizure diseases, e.g. epilepsy
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/4266 sweat secretion
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/686 Permanently implanted devices, e.g. pacemakers, other stimulators, biochips A61B5/6861 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/7264 Classification of physiological signals or data, e.g. using neural networks, statistical classifiers, expert systems or fuzzy systems neural networks per se G06N3/00; expert systems per se G06N5/00
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/746 Alarms related to a physiological condition, e.g. details of setting alarm thresholds or avoiding false alarms alarms per se G08B
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 7/04 Electric stethoscopes microphones, acoustic transducers therefor H04R
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/0883 for diagnosis of the heart
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/36064 : Epilepsy
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/36135 : using physiological parameters
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/36139 : with automatic adjustment
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/36585 : controlled by two or more physical parameters
• CPC Class Codes: G16H 50/20 : for computer-aided diagnosis, e.g. based on medical expert systems

Abstract

A method, comprising receiving at least one of a signal relating to a first cardiac activity and a signal relating to a first body movement from a patient; triggering at least one of a test of the patient'"'"'s responsiveness, awareness, a second cardiac activity, a second body movement, a spectral analysis test of the second cardiac activity, and a spectral analysis test of the second body movement, based on at least one of the signal relating to the first cardiac activity and the signal relating to the first body movement; determining an occurrence of an epileptic event based at least in part on said one or more triggered tests; and performing a further action in response to said determination of said occurrence of said epileptic event. Further methods allow classification of epileptic events. Apparatus and systems capable of implementing the method.

Claims

1. A method, comprising:

receiving at least one of a kinetic signal indicative of the patient'"'"'s kinetic activity and a cardiac signal indicative of the patient'"'"'s cardiac activity;

determining at least one of at least one kinetic feature from the kinetic signal and at least one cardiac feature from the cardiac signal;

detecting an epileptic seizure based on the at least one of the at least one kinetic feature and the at least one cardiac feature;

receiving a signal indicative of the patient'"'"'s dermal activity;

determining a dermal activity feature from the signal indicative of the patient'"'"'s dermal activity; and

classifying the epileptic seizure, based at least in part on the dermal activity feature.

2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

performing a further action in response to said detecting, wherein said further action comprises one or more of;

logging the occurrence of the epileptic seizure;

logging the time of occurrence of the epileptic seizure;

logging the date of occurrence of the epileptic seizure;

providing at least one of a warning, AIArm or alert to the patient, a caregiver or a health care provider;

providing a therapy to prevent, abort, reduce the severity, or reduce the duration of the epileptic seizure;

assessing at least one of the awareness or responsiveness of the patient during the epileptic seizure;

assessing the severity of the epileptic seizure;

determining the end of the epileptic seizure;

determining the beginning of a post-ictal period;

determining the end of a post-ictal period; and

assessing the patient'"'"'s post-ictal impairment or recovery from the epileptic seizure.

3. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

performing a further action in response to said classifying, wherein said further action comprises one or more of;

logging the occurrence of the classified epileptic seizure;

logging the time of occurrence of the classified epileptic seizure;

logging the date of occurrence of the classified epileptic seizure;

providing at least one of a warning, AIArm or alert to the patient, a caregiver or a health care provider;

providing a therapy to prevent, abort, reduce the severity, or reduce the duration of the classified epileptic seizure;

assessing at least one of the awareness or responsiveness of the patient during the classified epileptic seizure;

assessing the severity of the classified epileptic seizure;

determining the end of the classified epileptic seizure;

determining the beginning of a post-ictal period;

determining the end of a post-ictal period; and

assessing the patient'"'"'s post-ictal impairment or recovery from the classified epileptic seizure.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the cardiac activity is heart rate, heart rate variability, or heart beat morphology.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the signal indicative of the patient'"'"'s cardiac activity is provided by at least one of an electrocardiogram (EKG), phonocardiogram (PKG), apexcardiography, blood pressure, and echocardiography.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the signal indicative of the patient'"'"'s kinetic activity is provided by at least one of an accelerometer, an inclinometer, an actigraph, an imaging system, a dynamometer, a gyroscope, or an electromyogram (EMG).

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the signal indicative of the patient'"'"'s dermal activity is provided by at least one of a skin resistance sensor, a skin temperature sensor, a skin blood flow sensor, or a skin sweat gland activity sensor.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein classifying said epileptic event is further based upon at least one of said cardiac activity or said body movement.

9. A system, comprising:

at least one first sensor configured to receive a signal relating to a dermal activity from a patient,

at least one second sensor configured to receive at least one of a signal relating to a cardiac activity from the patient or a signal relating to a body movement from the patient,

a feature determination unit configured to determine a dermal activity feature from the signal relating to the dermal activity, and at least one of a cardiac activity feature from the signal relating to the cardiac activity and a kinetic activity feature from the signal relating to the kinetic activity,

a detection unit configured to receive said dermal activity feature, and said cardiac activity feature and/or kinetic activity feature, from said feature determination unit, determine an occurrence of an epileptic event based upon the received activity features, and classify said epileptic event based at least in part on said dermal activity feature; and

an action unit configured to receive an indication of said occurrence of said epileptic event from said detection unit and perform at least one of;

logging the occurrence of the epileptic seizure;

logging the time of occurrence of the epileptic the seizure;

logging the date of occurrence of the epileptic seizure;

providing at least one of a warning, AIArm or alert to the patient, a caregiver or a health care provider;

providing a therapy to prevent, abort, reduce the severity, or reduce the duration of the epileptic seizure;

assessing at least one of the awareness or responsiveness of the patient during the epileptic seizure;

assessing the severity of the epileptic seizure;

determining the end of the epileptic seizure;

determining the beginning of a post-ictal period;

determining the end of a post-ictal period; and

assessing the patient'"'"'s post-ictal impairment or recovery from the epileptic seizure.

10. The system of claim 9, further comprising a spectral analysis unit configured to generate at least one spectral analysis signal from said signal relating to said second cardiac activity and/or said signal relating to said second body movement;

and wherein said detection unit is further configured to receive said at least one spectral analysis signal from said spectral analysis unit.

11. The system of claim 9, wherein the at least one second sensor is selected from an electrocardiogram (EKG), phonocardiogram (PKG), apexcardiography, blood pressure, or echocardiography.

12. The system of claim 9, wherein the at least one second sensor is selected from an accelerometer, an inclinometer, an actigraph, an imaging system, a dynamometer, a gyroscope, or an electromyogram (EMG).

13. The system of claim 9, wherein the at least one first sensor is selected from a skin resistance sensor, a skin temperature sensor, a skin blood flow sensor, or a skin sweat gland activity sensor.