Non-invasive methods and systems for assessing cardiac filling pressure
First Claim
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1. A method, comprising:
- displaying to the user (1) a target expiratory pressure for the user, (2) a target time period for maintaining by the user the target expiratory pressure, and (3) a representation of a target location for the user to place an optical pulse volume sensing device;
sensing a change in pulse volume using the optical pulse volume sensing device coupled to a finger of the user, the optical pulse volume sensing device including a photoplethysmography (PPG) transducer, the optical pulse volume sensing device configured to sense a change in volume caused by a volume pulse by illuminating skin with light from a light emitting diode (LED), and is configured to provide an output of a pulse pressure signal of cardiac circulatory flow;
measuring an expiratory pressure for a predetermined period of time using a pressure transducer fluidly coupled to a mouth;
determining a pulse amplitude ratio, which is a ratio of the pulse amplitude near an end of the predetermined period of time and a baseline pulse amplitude; and
assessing the determined pulse amplitude ratio based on a correlation to determine a filling pressure condition of a heart, the correlation being associated with a graphical plot of a plurality of left ventricular end diastolic pressure (LVEDP) measurements of a plurality of patients using a catheter, and a graphical plot of the plurality of LVEDP measurements against a plurality of pulse amplitude ratios of the plurality of patients.
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Abstract
Featured are methods and systems for assessing cardiac filing pressure non-invasively. Such methods include, inter alia, arranging a photoplethysmography (PPG) transducer on a finger of a patient and fluidly coupling a pressure transducer to the patient'"'"'s mouth so that the pressure transducer measures expiratory pressure. The PPG transducer provides an output of a pulse volume signal of cardiac circulatory flow. Such methods also including determining a pulse amplitude ratio, using the pulse volume near the end of the expiratory effort and a baseline pulse volume, and assessing the pulse amplitude ratio so as to determine a filing pressure condition for the heart of the patient.
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Citations
18 Claims
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1. A method, comprising:
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displaying to the user (1) a target expiratory pressure for the user, (2) a target time period for maintaining by the user the target expiratory pressure, and (3) a representation of a target location for the user to place an optical pulse volume sensing device; sensing a change in pulse volume using the optical pulse volume sensing device coupled to a finger of the user, the optical pulse volume sensing device including a photoplethysmography (PPG) transducer, the optical pulse volume sensing device configured to sense a change in volume caused by a volume pulse by illuminating skin with light from a light emitting diode (LED), and is configured to provide an output of a pulse pressure signal of cardiac circulatory flow; measuring an expiratory pressure for a predetermined period of time using a pressure transducer fluidly coupled to a mouth; determining a pulse amplitude ratio, which is a ratio of the pulse amplitude near an end of the predetermined period of time and a baseline pulse amplitude; and assessing the determined pulse amplitude ratio based on a correlation to determine a filling pressure condition of a heart, the correlation being associated with a graphical plot of a plurality of left ventricular end diastolic pressure (LVEDP) measurements of a plurality of patients using a catheter, and a graphical plot of the plurality of LVEDP measurements against a plurality of pulse amplitude ratios of the plurality of patients. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 16, 17, 18)
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13. A system for assessing cardiac filling pressure non-invasively, said system comprising:
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a display module configured to display to a user (1) a target expiratory pressure for the user, (2) a target time period for maintaining by the user the target expiratory pressure, and (3) a representation of a target location for the user to place an optical pulse volume sensing device; the optical pulse volume sensing device including a photoplethysmography (PPG) transducer, the optical pulse volume sensing device configured to be located on a finger or digit of the user such that the optical pulse volume sensing device senses a change in volume caused by a pressure pulse by illuminating skin with light from a light emitting diode (LED), the optical pulse volume sensing device configured to provide an output of a pulse pressure signal of cardiac circulatory flow; a pressure transducer configured to be fluidly coupled to a mouth such that the pressure transducer measures expiratory pressure during a predetermined period of time; and a processor configured to determine a pulse amplitude ratio, which is a ratio of the pulse pressure near an end of the predetermined period of time and a baseline pulse pressure; and an output device configured to display the pulse amplitude ratio based on the correlation to determine a filling pressure condition for a heart, the correlation being associated with a graphical plot of a plurality of left ventricular end diastolic pressure (LVEDP) measurements of a plurality of patients using a catheter, and a graphical plot of the plurality of LVEDP measurements against a plurality of pulse amplitude ratios of the plurality of patients.
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14. A device for assessing cardiac filling pressure non-invasively, said device comprising:
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an optical pulse volume sensing device including a photoplethysmography (PPG) transducer, the optical pulse volume sensing device configured to be located on a finger or digit such that the optical pulse volume sensing device senses a change in volume caused by a pressure pulse by illuminating skin of the finger or digit with light from a light emitting diode (LED), the optical pulse volume sensing device configured to provide an output of a pulse pressure signal of cardiac circulatory flow; a microprocessor configured to be communicatively coupled to the optical pulse volume sensing device and to a pressure transducer that is fluidly coupled to a mouth such that the pressure transducer measures expiratory pressure during a predetermined period of time, the pressure transducer operatively coupled to a display module configured to display to a user (1) a target expiratory pressure for the user, (2) a target time period for maintaining by the user the target expiratory pressure, and (3) a representation of a target location for the user to place the optical pulse volume sensing device; and an applications program for execution on the microprocessor, the applications program including program segments and instructions and criteria for determining a pulse amplitude ratio, which is a ratio of the pulse volume near an end of the predetermined period of time and a baseline pulse volume; and
for determining a correlation between the pulse amplitude ratio and left ventricular end diastolic pressure (LVEDP) based on a graphical plot of a plurality of LVEDP measurements of a plurality of patients using a catheter and a graphical plot of the plurality of LVEDP measurements against a plurality of pulse amplitude ratios of the plurality of patients; andfor assessing the determined pulse amplitude ratio based on the correlation so as to determine a filling pressure condition for the heart of the patient.
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15. A method for assessing cardiac filling pressure non-invasively, said method comprising:
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displaying to the user a representation of a target location for the user to place an optical pulse volume sensing device, the optical pulse volume sensing device including a photoplethysmography (PPG) transducer; sensing, using the optical pulse volume sensing device operably coupled to a finger or a digit of a patient or subject, a change in volume caused by a pressure pulse by illuminating skin with light from a light emitting diode (LED), the optical pulse volume sensing device configured to provide an output of a pulse pressure signal of cardiac circulatory flow; providing a positive pressure delivery device; fluidly coupling a pressure transducer to the patient'"'"'s mouth; selectively fluidly coupling the positive pressure delivery device to the patient'"'"'s mouth so as to maintain a positive inspiratory pressure condition of about 20 mmHg to about 35 mmHg for about 8 to about 12 seconds; determining a pulse amplitude ratio while the positive inspiratory pressure condition is maintained, which is a ratio of the pulse amplitude near the end of the predetermined period of time and a baseline pulse amplitude; and determining a correlation between the determined pulse amplitude ratio and filling pressure, and using the correlation so as to determine a filling pressure condition for the heart of the patient.
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Specification