Near field communications (NFC) and proximity sensor for portable devices

• US 9,553,637 B2
• Filed: 04/06/2016
• Issued: 01/24/2017
• Est. Priority Date: 03/15/2012
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Apple Inc.
• Original Assignee: Intel Corporation
• Inventors: Yang, Songnan, Konanur, Anand S., Karacaoglu, Ulun, Hsu, Hao-Han
• Primary Examiner(s): Vuong, Quochien B
• Application Number:
  US15/092,334
• Publication Number:
  US 20160218773A1
• Time in Patent Office: 293 Days
• Field of Search: 455/41.1, 455/41.2, 455/552.1, 455/553.1
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 7/10237 the reader and the record carrier being capable of selectively switching between reader and record carrier appearance, e.g. in near field communication [NFC] devices where the NFC device may function as an RFID reader or as an RFID tag
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 1/006 using switches for selecting the desired band H04B1/0057 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 5/22 Capacitive coupling
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 5/26 using coils
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 5/72 for local intradevice communication
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 5/73 for taking measurements, e.g. using sensing coils
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 5/75 for isolation purposes
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 2025/03375 Passband transmission
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 25/03006 Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 4/80 Services using short range communication, e.g. near-field communication [NFC], radio-frequency identification [RFID] or low energy communication

Abstract

Described herein are techniques related to near field coupling and proximity sensing operations. For example, a proximity sensor uses a coil antenna that is utilized for near field communications (NFC) functions. The proximity sensor may be integrated into an NFC module to form a single module.

Claims

1. A portable electronic device, comprising:

a near field communications (NFC) circuitry adapted to transmit or receive NFC electrical signals via a coil antenna having at least first and second coil antenna terminals, the coil antenna defining a close ended antenna during NFC process;

a proximity sensing circuitry adapted to receive proximity sensing electrical signals from the coil antenna, the coil antenna defining an open-ended antenna during proximity sensing process;

a first switch to couple the proximity sensing circuitry to the first coil antenna terminal;

a second switch to couple the NFC circuitry to the first coil antenna terminal; and

a third switch to couple the NFC circuitry to the second coil antenna terminal.

2. The portable electronic device of claim 1, further comprising:

a control circuitry that controls the first, second, and third switches, wherein, during proximity sensing operations, the control circuitry closes the first switch and opens the second and third switches to open the coil antenna, couple the proximity sensing circuitry to the coil antenna, and isolate the NFC circuitry.

3. The portable electronic device of claim 2, further comprising a software and a selection circuitry to selectively engage one or more of the first, second and third switches to operate the coil antenna in an open ended antenna mode.

4. The portable electronic device of claim 1, further comprising control a control circuitry that controls the first, second, and third switches, wherein, during NFC operations, the control circuitry opens the first switch and closes the second and third switches to close the coil antenna, isolate the proximity sensing circuitry from the coil antenna, and couple the NFC circuitry to the coil antenna.

5. The portable electronic device of claim 4, further comprising a software and a selection circuitry to selectively engage one or more of the first, second and third switches to operate the coil antenna in an close ended antenna mode.

6. The portable electronic device of claim 1, wherein one or more of the first, second or third switches is dynamically controlled based on usage of the electronic device as a signal receiver or a signal transmitter.

7. The portable electronic device of claim 1, wherein one or more of the first, second and third switch is configured to switch back and forth in a time domain to perform proximity sensing operation and NFC operation.

8. The portable electronic device of claim 1, wherein the proximity sensing circuitry and the NFC circuitry form part of a single module.

9. The portable electronic device of claim 1, wherein the coil antenna includes a multiple loop spiral shape antenna.

10. An electronic device to provide proximity detection and Near-Field Communication (NFC), the device comprising:

an NFC circuitry to transmit or to receive NFC electrical signals via an antenna, wherein the NFC electrical signals comprise high frequency NFC signals from a first external source; and

a proximity sensing circuitry to receive proximity sensing electrical signals from the antenna from a second external source;

wherein the NFC circuitry and the proximity sensing circuitry form part of a single module.

11. The electronic device of claim 10, wherein the NFC circuitry is configured to receive NFC electrical signals from the antenna in a closed-ended shape and wherein the proximity sensing circuitry is configured to receive proximity sensing electrical signals from the antenna in an open-ended shape.

12. The electronic device of claim 10, wherein the first external source and the second external sources define the same external device.

13. The electronic device of claim 10, wherein the first external source and the second external sources define different external devices.

14. The electronic device of claim 10, further comprising a software and a selection circuitry to selectively engage one of the NFC circuitry or the proximity sensing circuitry as a function of the electronic device usage as a signal receiver or a signal transmitter.

15. The electronic device of claim 10, wherein the antenna further comprises a multiple loop spiral shape antenna or a coil antenna.

16. The electronic device of claim 10, further comprising a switching circuitry to selectively engage one of the NFC circuitry or the proximity sensing circuitry, the switching circuitry comprising one of a passive switching circuitry or an active switching circuitry.

17. An electronic device to provide proximity detection and Near-Field Communication (NFC), the device comprising a switching circuitry to receive a first signal from an antenna configured to operate as an open-ended antenna and to direct the first signal to a proximity detection module to detect proximity to an external object, the switching circuitry configured to receive a second signal from the antenna configured to operate as a close-ended antenna and to direct the second signal to an NFC module for the NFC communication.

18. The electronic device of claim 17, wherein the switching circuitry comprises passive elements.

19. The electronic device of claim 17, wherein the switching circuitry comprises active elements.

20. The electronic device of claim 17, wherein the switching circuit is configured to receive the first signal from a first external device and receive the second signal from the second external device.

21. The electronic device of claim 20, wherein the first external device and the second external device are substantially the same device.

22. The electronic device of claim 20, wherein the first external device and the second external device are distinct devices.