Daisy chain communication bus and protocol

• US 9,559,389 B2
• Filed: 07/10/2013
• Issued: 01/31/2017
• Est. Priority Date: 07/10/2013
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Datang NXP Semiconductors Company Limited
• Original Assignee: Datang NXP Semiconductors Company Limited
• Inventors: Greef, Pierre De, Lammers, Matheus Johannus Gerardus, Van Lammeren, Johannes Petrus Maria
• Primary Examiner(s): Backer, Firmin
• Assistant Examiner(s): MURPHY, JEROLD B
• Application Number:
  US13/938,416
• Publication Number:
  US 20150019771A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,301 Days
• Field of Search: 34087001-87044, 324425-450, 324 7611-157, 702/63, 320/106, 320137-165
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/21 having the same nominal voltage
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 13/4247 on a daisy chain bus
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/425 Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing printed circuits H05K1/00
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 2010/4278 Systems for data transfer from batteries, e.g. transfer of battery parameters to a controller, data transferred between battery controller and main controller
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 2220/20 Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 Energy storage using batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/16 Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles

Abstract

A battery pack has first and second battery terminals, plural battery cells each with a battery element, a cell supervisor electrically connected to the battery element, and a communication section to communicate with the cell supervisor. The battery elements are connected serially between the first and second battery terminals. Bus interfaces are arranged in alternating fashion with the battery cells to define a daisy chain bus, each such bus interface being configured for signal communication, the interfaces respectively connecting the communication sections of two adjacent battery cells. A battery manager communicates with the battery cells via the daisy chain bus. The battery manager sends a command message to the battery cells using a through mode protocol, and each battery cell sends at least one of a confirmation message and a service request to the battery manager using a shift mode protocol.

Claims

1. A battery pack, comprising:

a first battery terminal and a second battery terminal;

a plurality of battery units, each said battery unit comprising;

a battery cell;

a cell supervisor electrically connected to the battery cell, the cell supervisor comprising a set of registers put in series; and

a communication section configured to communicate with the cell supervisor, the communication section comprising a data buffer;

wherein all of said battery cells are connected serially between the first battery terminal and the second battery terminal;

a plurality of bus interfaces arranged in alternating fashion with said battery units to define a daisy chain bus, each said bus interface configured for signal communication, each said bus interface respectively connecting the communication sections of two adjacent said battery units; and

a battery manager configured to communicate with said battery units via the daisy chain bus,

wherein the battery pack is configured so that the battery manager sends a command message to the battery units using a through mode protocol, and each said battery unit sends at least one of a confirmation message and a service request to the battery manager using a shift mode protocol, wherein in the through mode protocol, data is transferred via the data buffer, while in the shift mode protocol, data is shifted along the set of registers.

2. The battery pack according to claim 1, further comprising a communication module including a cell manager, the communication module being configured for signal communication between the battery manager and the daisy chain bus.

3. The battery pack according to claim 2, wherein the cell manager is electrically connected across a resistor, the resistor being connected between ground potential and one of the first battery terminal and the second battery terminal.

4. The battery pack according to claim 1, configured so that communication between the battery manager and the battery units is effecting using half-duplex communication with time division multiplexing.

5. The battery pack according to claim 1, configured so that, when the battery manager sends the command message to the battery units using the through mode protocol, all of the battery units receive the command message with all of the battery units except the battery cell most remote from the battery manager relaying the command message to a next said battery unit.

6. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein the confirmation message includes data reflecting a condition of the battery cell.

7. The battery pack according to claim 1, configured so that, when each said battery unit receives the command message that said battery unit sends at least one of the confirmation message and the service request towards the battery manager.

8. The battery pack according to claim 7, wherein that said battery cell sends at least one of the confirmation message and the service request towards the battery manager by forwarding the at least one of the confirmation message and the service request to an adjacent said battery unit which is closer along the daisy chain bus to the battery manager.

9. A battery unit for use in a battery pack having battery manager, the battery unit comprising:

a battery cell;

a cell supervisor electrically connected to the battery cell, the cell supervisor comprising a set of registers put in series; and

a communication section configured to communicate with the cell supervisor, the communication section comprising a data buffer;

wherein the battery unit is configured to receive a command message from the battery manager using a through mode protocol, and to send at least one of a confirmation message and a service request to the battery manager using a shift mode protocol, wherein in the through mode protocol, data is transferred via the data buffer, while in the shift mode protocol, data is shifted along the set of registers.

10. A battery unit according to claim 9, wherein the confirmation message includes data reflecting a condition of the battery cell.

11. A battery unit according to claim 9, configured so that, when the battery unit receives the command message, the battery unit sends at least one of the confirmation message and the service request towards the battery manager.

12. A method of communication via a daisy chain bus connecting a battery manager and a plurality of battery units, comprising:

sending, via the daisy chain bus, a command message from the battery manager to the battery units using a through mode protocol, wherein in the through mode protocol, data is transferred via a plurality of data buffers each arranged in each of the battery units; and

sending, via the daisy chain bus, at least one of a confirmation message and a service request from at least one said battery unit to the battery manager using a shift mode protocol, wherein in the shift mode protocol, data is shifted along a plurality of sets of registers each set put in series in each of the battery units.

13. The method according to claim 12, further comprising using half-duplex communication with time division multiplexing to effect the sending of the command message and the sending of at least one of the confirmation message and the service request.

14. The method according to claim 12, wherein the sending of the command message to the battery units includes all of the battery units receiving the command message with all of the battery units except the battery unit most remote from the battery manager relaying the command message to a next said battery unit.

15. The method according to claim 12, wherein the confirmation message includes data reflecting a condition of the battery cell.

16. The method according to claim 12, further comprising, when each said battery unit receives the command message, that said battery unit sending at least one of the confirmation message and the service request towards the battery manager.

17. The method according to claim 16, wherein the sending by that said battery unit of at least one of the confirmation message and the service request towards the battery manager includes forwarding the at least one of the confirmation message and the service request to an adjacent said battery unit which is closer along the daisy chain bus to the battery manager.

18. The method according to claim 12, further comprising:

sending, from the battery unit to the battery manager, an acknowledgement message including an acknowledgement and at least one of status information and battery cell data.

19. The method according to claim 12, further comprising:

sending, from the battery manager, an interrupt message to at least some of the battery units forcing control over the system.

20. The method according to claim 12, further comprising:

sending, from a battery unit, a service request message to the battery manager requesting a service due to an alarm condition.