Manufacturing strain sensitive sensors and/or strain resistant conduits from a metal and carbon matrix

• US 9,562,814 B2
• Filed: 06/07/2012
• Issued: 02/07/2017
• Est. Priority Date: 06/07/2011
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Jawaharlal Nehru Centre For Advanced Scientific Research
• Original Assignee: Jawaharlal Nehru Centre For Advanced Scientific Research
• Inventors: Kulkarni, Giridhar Udapi Rao, Radha, Boya, Sagade, Abhay Abhimanyu
• Primary Examiner(s): Lyons, Michael A
• Assistant Examiner(s): WILLIAMS, JAMEL E
• Application Number:
  US14/124,243
• Publication Number:
  US 20140174190A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,706 Days
• Field of Search: 737/74
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: B82Y 15/00 Nanotechnology for interacting, sensing or actuating, e.g. quantum dots as markers in protein assays or molecular motors
• CPC Class Codes: G01L 1/20 by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids of piezo-resistive materials G01L1/18; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress
• CPC Class Codes: G01L 1/2287 constructional details of the strain gauges adjustable resistors H01C10/00
• CPC Class Codes: H05K 3/30 Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 29/49103 Strain gauge making

Abstract

Implementations and techniques for manufacturing strain sensitive sensors and/or strain resistant conduits from a metal and carbon matrix are generally disclosed.

Claims

1. An apparatus, comprising:

a substrate;

a first flexible electronic part located on the substrate, wherein the first flexible electronic part comprises a substantially strain resistant conduit having a first carbon content; and

a second flexible electronic part located on the substrate,

wherein the second flexible electronic part comprises a strain sensitive sensor having a second carbon content greater than the first carbon content, wherein the substantially strain resistant conduit and the strain sensitive sensor both comprise a metal and carbon matrix.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the metal comprises palladium.

3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the substantially strain resistant conduit and/or the strain sensitive sensor have a size of about one hundred nanometers to about ten microns.

4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the substantially strain resistant conduit comprises one or more of an interconnect, an electrode, a connector, a wire, and a conductive trace.

5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the substrate is of a size ranging from about one inch to about thirty inches.

6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the substantially strain resistant conduit has a zero-to-near-zero gauge factor in response to strain.

7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the substantially strain resistant conduit comprises at least one metal nanoparticle of about twenty to thirty nanometers in size in the metal and carbon matrix.

8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the substantially strain resistant conduit comprises a mean nanoparticle size of about twenty to thirty nanometers in the metal and carbon matrix.

9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the substantially strain resistant conduit has the first carbon content ranging from about thirty-six weight percent to about forty weight percent in the metal and carbon matrix.

10. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the strain sensitive sensor has a gauge factor from about three-hundred to about four-hundred in response to strain.

11. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the strain sensitive sensor has a minimum excitation voltage of about 0.2 volts.

12. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the strain sensitive sensor is sensitive to strains as low as about 0.09 percent.

13. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the strain sensitive sensor comprises at least one metal nanoparticle of about six to ten nanometers in size in the metal and carbon matrix.

14. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the strain sensitive sensor comprises a mean nanoparticle size of about six to ten nanometers in the metal and carbon matrix.

15. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the strain sensitive sensor has a carbon content ranging from about fifty-five weight percent to about sixty weight percent in the metal and carbon matrix.

16. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the substantially strain resistant conduit and the strain sensitive sensor are both substantially transparent to electromagnetic radiation of wavelengths ranging from about five-hundred and fifty nanometers to about eleven-hundred nanometers.

17. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the substantially strain resistant conduit and the strain sensitive sensor both exhibit a transmittance of about eighty percent to electromagnetic radiation of wavelengths greater than about five-hundred and fifty nanometers.

18. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus comprises one or more of a touch sensitive display, a flexible solar cell, a flexible display, a stretchable display, a rollable display, and combinations thereof.

19. A method to form a strain sensitive sensor, the method comprising:

depositing a plurality of metal traces substantially parallel to one another on a substrate, wherein the traces include palladium;

curing the plurality of metal traces for a specified time and temperature to form a palladium and carbon matrix, wherein the cured metal traces have a gauge factor from about three-hundred to about four-hundred in response to strain; and

depositing a first electrode in contact with one end of the plurality of metal traces and a second electrode in contact with an opposite end of the plurality of metal traces.

20. The method of claim 19, wherein depositing the plurality of metal traces on the substrate includes depositing the plurality of metal traces on a substrate that comprises one or more of:

flexible polyimide, polyester, polyethylene naphthalate, aramid, poly(dimethylsiloxane), epoxy, or liquid crystal polymer.

21. The method of claim 19, wherein depositing the plurality of metal traces substantially parallel to one another includes depositing individual metal traces that are spaced apart by a width of about one-half micrometer.

22. The method of claim 19, wherein curing the plurality of metal traces for the specified time and temperature comprise curing the plurality of metal traces for a time of about thirty minutes at a temperature of about one-hundred and ninety-five degrees Celsius.

23. A method to form a strain resistant conduit, the method comprising:

depositing a metal trace on a substrate, wherein the metal trace includes palladium; and

curing the metal trace for a specified time and temperature to form a palladium and carbon matrix, wherein the specified time and temperature comprise a time of about thirty minutes at a temperature of about two hundred thirty degrees Celsius and are effective to cause the cured metal trace to exhibit a zero-to-near-zero gauge factor in response to strain over a radius.