Electric power system control with measurement of energy demand and energy efficiency using t-distributions
First Claim
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1. A voltage control and energy conservation system measurement technique using paired t distributions to calculate without a use of weather normalization a change in energy use or improvement in conservation performance in energy reduction on a system, comprising:
- an electrical energy delivery system with a substation configured as an electrical supply system supplying power through an electrical distribution system to an electrical usage system for use by electrical usage devices at a plurality of user locations;
a plurality of meters, wherein at least one a meter is located at the substation and at least one meter is located at the at least one of the plurality of user locations, and at least one of the plurality of meters is configured to generate smart meter data based on a measured component of electrical power received by the smart meter; and
a voltage controller configured to generate an energy delivery parameter based on the smart meter data,wherein the substation is further configured to adjust a voltage set point value of the electrical power supplied to the plurality of user locations based on the energy delivery parameter, andwherein the voltage and energy are measured on an interval basis using an energy validation process and a change in energy characteristics, the energy characteristics including a conservation voltage reduction (CVR) factor, and an energy savings between the voltage at the CVR “
ON”
set point and the CVR “
OFF”
set point are measured using a paired t measurement using an optimized pairing process to determine the CVR factor and the energy usage improvement for the electrical energy delivery system, and wherein the paired t measurement determines an average shift in a mean energy usage,wherein the pairing process comprises an additional process that breaks the paired t process into measurements of CVR factor and conservation energy savings by season and uses linear regression constants to determine blocks of hours where consistent loads exist and paired t comparisons are configured to be calculated within predetermined limits.
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Abstract
A method, apparatus, system and computer program is provided for controlling an electric power system, including implementation of voltage measurement using paired t statistical analysis applied to calculating a shift in average usage per customer from one time period to another time period for a given electrical use population where the pairing process is optimized using a novel technique to improve the accuracy of the statistical measurement.
418 Citations
68 Claims
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1. A voltage control and energy conservation system measurement technique using paired t distributions to calculate without a use of weather normalization a change in energy use or improvement in conservation performance in energy reduction on a system, comprising:
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an electrical energy delivery system with a substation configured as an electrical supply system supplying power through an electrical distribution system to an electrical usage system for use by electrical usage devices at a plurality of user locations; a plurality of meters, wherein at least one a meter is located at the substation and at least one meter is located at the at least one of the plurality of user locations, and at least one of the plurality of meters is configured to generate smart meter data based on a measured component of electrical power received by the smart meter; and a voltage controller configured to generate an energy delivery parameter based on the smart meter data, wherein the substation is further configured to adjust a voltage set point value of the electrical power supplied to the plurality of user locations based on the energy delivery parameter, and wherein the voltage and energy are measured on an interval basis using an energy validation process and a change in energy characteristics, the energy characteristics including a conservation voltage reduction (CVR) factor, and an energy savings between the voltage at the CVR “
ON”
set point and the CVR “
OFF”
set point are measured using a paired t measurement using an optimized pairing process to determine the CVR factor and the energy usage improvement for the electrical energy delivery system, and wherein the paired t measurement determines an average shift in a mean energy usage,wherein the pairing process comprises an additional process that breaks the paired t process into measurements of CVR factor and conservation energy savings by season and uses linear regression constants to determine blocks of hours where consistent loads exist and paired t comparisons are configured to be calculated within predetermined limits. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9)
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10. A voltage control and energy conservation system using paired t distributions to calculate a change in energy use or improvement in conservation performance in energy reduction on a system, comprising:
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an electrical energy delivery system with a substation configured as an electrical supply system supplying power through an electrical distribution system to an electrical usage system for use by electrical usage devices at a plurality of user locations; a plurality of meters, including a meter located at a supply point at the substation, and at least one meter located at a respective at least one of the plurality of user locations and configured to generate meter data based on a measured component of electrical power received by the meter; a voltage controller configured to operate in a conservation-voltage-reduction-on state or in a conservation-voltage-reduction-off state;
wherein the voltage controller applies conservation voltage reduction to generate a conservation voltage reduction energy delivery parameter based on the meter data when the controller is in the conservation-voltage-reduction-on state, but not when the controller is in the conservation-voltage-reduction-off state;wherein the substation is further configured to adjust a voltage set point value of the electrical power supplied at the supply point to the plurality of user locations based on the energy delivery parameter; and wherein the voltage and energy are measured by the meters on an interval basis using an energy validation process, a change in energy characteristics between the voltage conservation-voltage-reduction-on state and the conservation-voltage-reduction-off being determined using a pairing process and a paired t measurement, and wherein the paired t measurement determines an average shift in a mean energy usage, wherein the pairing process comprises an additional process that breaks the paired t process into measurements of conservation voltage reduction (CVR) factor and conservation energy savings by season and uses linear regression constants to determine blocks of hours where consistent loads exist and paired t comparisons are configured to be calculated within predetermined limits.
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11. A control system for an electric power transmission and distribution grid configured to supply electric power from a supply point to a plurality of user locations, the system comprising:
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a plurality of sensors, wherein each sensor is located at a respective one of a plurality of distribution locations on the distribution grid at or between the supply point and at least one of the plurality of user locations, and wherein each sensor is configured to sense a component of the supplied electric power at the respective distribution location and to generate measurement data based on the sensed component of the power; a controller configured to receive measurement data from the plurality of sensors, and to operate the electric power transmission and distribution grid in a modification-on state or in a modification-off state;
wherein the controller applies the modification to generate an energy delivery parameter based on the meter data;a component adjusting device configured to adjust a component of the electric power transmission and distribution grid in response to the energy delivery parameter; wherein the controller is configured to determine, using an energy validation process, a change in energy characteristics between the modification-on state and the modification-off state, using a pairing process and a paired t measurement, and wherein the paired t measurement determines an average shift in a mean energy usage, wherein the pairing process comprises an additional process that breaks the paired t process into measurements of conservation voltage reduction (CVR) factor and conservation energy savings by season and uses linear regression constants to determine blocks of hours where consistent loads exist and paired t comparisons are configured to be calculated within predetermined limits. - View Dependent Claims (12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28)
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29. A method for controlling electrical power supplied to a plurality of distribution locations located at or between a supply point and at least one user location, each of the plurality of distribution locations including at least one sensor configured to sense a voltage of the supplied electric power at the respective distribution location and generate measurement data based on the sensed voltage, the method comprising:
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controlling the electric power transmission and distribution grid in a modification-on state or in a modification-off state;
wherein a controller applies the modification to generate an energy delivery parameter based on the meter data when the controller is in the modification-on state, but not when the controller is in the modification-off state;operating an component adjusting device configured to adjust a component of the electric power transmission and distribution grid in response to the energy delivery parameter; measuring the component of the supplied electric power with the meters on an interval basis using an energy validation process, and determining a change in energy characteristics between the voltage conservation-voltage-reduction-on state and the conservation-voltage-reduction-off state using a pairing process and a paired t measurement, and wherein the paired t measurement determines an average shift in a mean energy usage, wherein the pairing process comprises an additional process that breaks the paired t process into measurements of conservation voltage reduction (CVR) factor and conservation energy savings by season and uses linear regression constants to determine blocks of hours where consistent loads exist and paired t comparisons are configured to be calculated within predetermined limits. - View Dependent Claims (30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38)
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39. A voltage control and energy conservation system for an electric power transmission and distribution system grid, comprising:
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an electrical energy delivery system with a substation configured as an electrical supply system supplying power through an electrical distribution system to an electrical usage system for use by electrical usage devices at a plurality of user locations; a sensor located at the substation and a sensor located at least one of the plurality of user locations configured to generate sensor data based on a measured component of electrical power received by the respective sensors; and a voltage controller configured to generate an energy delivery parameter based on the sensor data, wherein the substation is further configured to adjust a voltage set point value of the electrical power supplied to the plurality of user locations based on the energy delivery parameter, and wherein the voltage controller is configured to measure the voltage and energy on an interval basis using an energy validation process and the conservation voltage reduction (CVR) factor for at least one CVR “
ON”
set point and at least one CVR “
OFF”
set point using a pairing process to determine the CVR factor, wherein the pairing process comprises pairing a CVR “
ON”
record to a CVR “
OFF”
record and the CVR “
OFF”
record has a predetermined first independent variable associated with the CVR “
OFF”
record within a first independent variable tolerance of the first independent variable associated with the paired CVR “
ON”
record, wherein voltage controller is further configured to determine an average shift in a mean energy usage using a paired t measurement,wherein the pairing process comprises an additional process that breaks the paired t process into measurements of conservation voltage reduction (CVR) factor and conservation energy savings by season and uses linear regression constants to determine blocks of hours where consistent loads exist and paired t comparisons are configured to be calculated within predetermined limits. - View Dependent Claims (40)
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41. A control system for an electric power grid configured to supply electric power from a supply point to a plurality of consumption locations, the system comprising:
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a plurality of sensors, wherein each sensor is located at a respective one of a plurality of distribution locations on the distribution grid at or between the supply point and at least one of the plurality of consumption locations, and wherein each sensor is configured to sense a component of the supplied electric power received at the respective distribution location and to generate measurement data based on the sensed component of the power; a controller configured to receive measurement data from the plurality of sensors, and to operate the electric power grid in a modification-on state or in a modification-off state;
wherein the controller generates an energy delivery parameter based on the measurement data;a component adjusting device configured to adjust a component of the electric power grid in response to the energy delivery parameter; wherein the controller is configured to determine, using an energy validation process, a change in energy characteristics between the modification-on state and the modification-off state, using a pairing process and paired t measurement, wherein the pairing process comprises an additional process that breaks the paired t process into measurements of conservation voltage reduction (CVR) factor and conservation energy savings by season and uses linear regression constants to determine blocks of hours where consistent loads exist and paired t comparisons are configured to be calculated within predetermined limits. - View Dependent Claims (42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58)
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59. A method for controlling electrical power supplied to a plurality of distribution locations located at or between a supply point and at least one consumption location, each of the plurality of distribution locations including at least one sensor configured to sense a voltage of the supplied electric power received at the respective distribution location and generate measurement data based on the sensed voltage, the method comprising:
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controlling the electric power grid in a modification-on state or in a modification-off state;
wherein a controller generates an energy delivery parameter based on the measurement data when the controller is in the modification-on state, but not when the controller is in the modification-off state;operating an component adjusting device configured to adjust a component of the electric power grid in response to the energy delivery parameter; measuring the component of the supplied electric power with the sensors on an interval basis using an energy validation process, and determining a change in energy characteristics between the voltage conservation-voltage-reduction-on state and the conservation-voltage-reduction-off state using a pairing process and a paired t measurement, wherein the pairing process comprises an additional process that breaks the paired t process into measurements of conservation voltage reduction (CVR) factor and conservation energy savings by season and uses linear regression constants to determine the blocks of hours where consistent loads exist and paired t comparisons are configured to be calculated within predetermined limits. - View Dependent Claims (60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67)
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68. A control system for an electric power grid configured to supply electric power from a supply point to a plurality of consumption locations, the system comprising:
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a sensor receiving module configured to receive measurement data from at least one sensor of a subset of a plurality of sensors, the plurality of sensors being located at a respective one of a plurality of distribution locations on the electric power grid at or between the supply point and at least one of the plurality of consumption locations, the measurement data being based on at least one component of the supplied electric power received at the respective distribution location; an analysis module configured to generate an energy delivery parameter based on the measurement data received from the subset, and to operate the electric power grid in a modification-on state or in a modification-off state, wherein the analysis module is configured to determine, using an energy validation process, a change in energy characteristics between the modification-on state and the modification-off state, using a pairing process a paired t measurement, wherein the pairing process comprises an additional process that breaks the paired t process into measurements of conservation voltage reduction (CVR) factor and conservation energy savings by season and uses linear regression constants to determine blocks of hours where consistent loads exist and paired t comparisons are configured to be calculated within predetermined limits; and an adjusting module configured to cause an adjusting device to adjust a component of the electric power supplied at the supply point based on the energy delivery parameter.
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Specification