Wireless energy transfer system for an implantable medical device using a midfield coupler
First Claim
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1. A system comprising:
- an implantable stimulation device;
a midfield powering system wirelessly coupled to the implantable stimulation device, the midfield powering system including;
a radio configured to transmit and receive microwave signals;
a midfield coupler electrically coupled to the radio, the midfield coupler configured to convert signals from the radio to signals with a non-negligible H-field component parallel to a surface of the midfield coupler and focus the signals to a location in tissue associated with the implantable stimulation device that is within a wavelength of the microwave signals as measured in air;
an amplitude detector electrically coupled to the midfield coupler, the amplitude detector configured to determine an amplitude of a signal transmitted by the implantable stimulation device and received at the midfield coupler;
a variable gain amplifier electrically coupled between the radio and the midfield coupler, the variable gain amplifier configured to amplify a transmit signal from the radio in proportion to the amplitude determined by the amplitude detector, the transmit signal received by the implantable stimulation device; and
a phase matching network comprising a phase detector and a phase shifter, the phase shifter and the phase detector electrically coupled to the midfield coupler, the phase detector configured to determine a phase of a signal transmitted by the implantable stimulation device and received at the midfield coupler and the phase shifter configured to adjust a phase of a signal provided to the midfield coupler based on the determined phase.
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Abstract
Described herein are devices, systems, and methods for wireless power transfer utilizing a midfield source and implant. In one variation, a midfield source may be realized by a patterned metal plate composed of one of more subwavelength structures. These midfield sources may manipulate evanescent fields outside a material (e.g., tissue) to excite and control propagating fields inside the material (e.g., tissue) and thereby generate spatially confined and adaptive energy transport in the material (e.g., tissue). The energy may be received by an implanted device, which may be configured for one or more functions such as stimulation, sensing, or drug delivery.
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Citations
20 Claims
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1. A system comprising:
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an implantable stimulation device; a midfield powering system wirelessly coupled to the implantable stimulation device, the midfield powering system including; a radio configured to transmit and receive microwave signals; a midfield coupler electrically coupled to the radio, the midfield coupler configured to convert signals from the radio to signals with a non-negligible H-field component parallel to a surface of the midfield coupler and focus the signals to a location in tissue associated with the implantable stimulation device that is within a wavelength of the microwave signals as measured in air; an amplitude detector electrically coupled to the midfield coupler, the amplitude detector configured to determine an amplitude of a signal transmitted by the implantable stimulation device and received at the midfield coupler; a variable gain amplifier electrically coupled between the radio and the midfield coupler, the variable gain amplifier configured to amplify a transmit signal from the radio in proportion to the amplitude determined by the amplitude detector, the transmit signal received by the implantable stimulation device; and a phase matching network comprising a phase detector and a phase shifter, the phase shifter and the phase detector electrically coupled to the midfield coupler, the phase detector configured to determine a phase of a signal transmitted by the implantable stimulation device and received at the midfield coupler and the phase shifter configured to adjust a phase of a signal provided to the midfield coupler based on the determined phase. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5)
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6. A system comprising:
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an implantable stimulation device; a radio configured to transmit and receive microwave signals to the implantable stimulation device and receive microwave signals from the implantable stimulation device; a midfield coupler electrically coupled to the radio, the midfield coupler configured to convert signals from the radio to signals with a non-negligible H-field component parallel to a surface of the midfield coupler and focus the signals to a location in tissue that is within a wavelength of the microwave signals as measured in air; an amplitude detector electrically coupled to the midfield coupler, the amplitude detector configured to determine an amplitude of a signal received at the midfield coupler; and a variable gain amplifier electrically coupled between the radio and the midfield coupler, the variable gain amplifier configured to amplify a transmit signal from the radio in proportion to the amplitude determined by the amplitude detector. - View Dependent Claims (7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20)
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14. A system comprising:
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an implantable stimulation device; a radio configured to transmit and receive microwave signals to the implantable stimulation device and receive microwave signals from the implantable stimulation device; a midfield coupler electrically coupled to the radio, the midfield coupler configured to convert signals from the radio to signals with a non-negligible H-field component parallel to a surface of the midfield coupler and focus the signals to a location in tissue that is within a wavelength of the microwave signals as measured in air; and a phase matching network comprising a phase detector and a phase shifter, the phase shifter and the phase detector electrically coupled to the midfield coupler, the phase detector configured to determine a phase of a signal received at the midfield coupler and the phase shifter configured to adjust a phase of a signal provided to the midfield coupler based on the determined phase.
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Specification