Cyber security

• US 9,569,615 B2
• Filed: 05/12/2016
• Issued: 02/14/2017
• Est. Priority Date: 03/15/2013
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: KA Holding, LLC (Markel Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Cyberricade, Inc
• Inventors: Angeline, Barry D., Loparo, Kenneth A., Kolacinski, Richard M.
• Primary Examiner(s): Lemma, Samson
• Assistant Examiner(s): VICTORIA, NARCISO F
• Application Number:
  US15/152,702
• Publication Number:
  US 20160253495A1
• Time in Patent Office: 278 Days
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 21/52 during program execution, e.g. stack integrity ; Preventing unwanted data erasure; Buffer overflow
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 21/55 Detecting local intrusion or implementing counter-measures
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 21/552 involving long-term monitoring or reporting
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 21/577 Assessing vulnerabilities and evaluating computer system security
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 2221/034 Test or assess a computer or a system
• CPC Class Codes: G06N 20/00 Machine learning
• CPC Class Codes: G06N 7/01 Probabilistic graphical models, e.g. probabilistic networks
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 40/20 Information technology specific aspects, e.g. CAD, simulation, modelling, system security

Abstract

Systems and methods that use probabilistic grammatical inference and statistical data analysis techniques to characterize the behavior of systems in terms of a low dimensional set of summary variables and, on the basis of these models, detect anomalous behaviors are disclosed. The disclosed information-theoretic system and method exploit the properties of information to deduce a structure for information flow and management. The properties of information can provide a fundamental basis for the decomposition of systems and hence a structure for the transmission and combination of observations at the desired levels of resolution (e.g., component, subsystem, system).

Claims

1. A computer implemented method for detecting cyber physical system behavior, comprising:

utilizing one or more hardware processors and associated memory storing one or more programs for execution by the one or more hardware processors, the one or more programs including instructions for;

receiving data from a plurality of sensors associated with a cyber physical system, wherein the receiving the data includes receiving time series data from the plurality of sensors monitoring the cyber physical system and wherein the cyber physical system is an electrical power grid system;

constructing a metrization of the data utilizing a data structuring;

determining at least one ensemble and at least one summary variable from the metrized data, wherein the at least one summary variable is based on automata model utilizing a probabilistic grammatical inference that includes discovering common subtrees of a string parse tree via a nonparametric Bayesian clustering method including a Dirichlet Process or a Beta Process or a diffusion map technique;

applying a thermodynamic formalism to the at least one summary variable to classify a plurality of system behaviors;

identifying the plurality of system behaviors based at least in part on the classified plurality of system behaviors;

obtaining, by the one or more hardware processors, a baseline of the system behavior associated with the classified plurality of systems behaviors; and

detecting an anomalous condition based on a deviation of the plurality of system behaviors from the baseline.

2. The method for detecting cyber physical system behavior of claim 1, wherein the determining the at least one summary variable includes a symbolic encoding of the metrized data.

3. The method for detecting cyber physical system behavior of claim 1, wherein the probabilistic grammatical inference comprises an ε

-Machine Reconstruction statistical machine learning technique that includes describing a system trajectory as a string of symbols and describing system dynamics in terms of shift dynamics of the associated symbol string.

4. The method for detecting cyber physical system behavior of claim 3, including identifying cycles in strings of symbols utilizing pumping lemmas.

5. The method for detecting cyber physical system behavior of claim 1 further comprising:

generating an output indicating the identified plurality of system behaviors or the anomalous condition.

6. The method for detecting cyber physical system behavior of claim 1, wherein the at least one ensemble is determined empirically.

7. The method for detecting cyber physical system behavior of claim 1, wherein the applying the thermodynamic formalism includes applying thermodynamic techniques to the data received from the plurality of sensors.

8. The method for detecting cyber physical system behavior of claim 1, wherein the data structuring includes a manifold learning technique comprising at least one of a Diffusion Mapping, a bijective mapping or a spectral graph analysis.

9. The method for detecting cyber physical system behavior of claim 1, wherein the at least one summary variable is determined by forming a derivative of a natural variable.

10. The method for detecting cyber physical system behavior of claim 1, wherein detecting an anomalous condition includes at least one of predicting or detecting the presence of an Improvised Explosive Device.

11. A system for detecting cyber physical system behavior, comprising:

a hardware processor and memory coupled to the hardware processor, the hardware processor executes the following executable components;

a data collection component that receives encoded information from a plurality of sensors associated with a cyber physical system, wherein the encoded information includes time series data from the plurality of sensors monitoring the cyber physical system and wherein the cyber physical system is an electrical power grid system;

a data assimilation component for decoding the encoded information, via a spectral graph analysis process comprising a diffusion mapping technique, by applying a manifold learning technique to the information to identify system features including at least one summary variable, wherein the data assimilation component applies a thermodynamic formalism to the at least one summary variable to obtain an indication of system behavior; and

an operational component for receiving the indication of system behavior and for detecting an anomalous system behavior.

12. The system for detecting cyber physical system behavior of claim 11, wherein the encoded information includes at least one of continuous, discrete or transactional cyber physical system dynamics.

13. The system for detecting cyber physical system behavior of claim 11, wherein the operational component provides an output indicating the anomalous system behavior.

14. The system for detecting cyber physical system behavior of claim 11, wherein the data assimilation component utilizes the spectral graph analysis process that includes integrating data across at least one of a continuous physical domain or a discrete physical domains and at least one of a computational cyber domain or a transactional cyber domain.

15. The system for detecting cyber physical system behavior of claim 14, wherein the operational component is further configured to generate an output indicating the identified anomalous system behavior.

16. The system for detecting cyber physical system behavior of claim 11, wherein the data assimilation component utilizes a bijective mapping technique.

17. A non-transitory computer readable medium, comprising computer executable instructions that when executed by a hardware processor perform operations comprising:

receiving data from a plurality of sensors associated with a cyber physical system, wherein the receiving the data includes receiving time series data from the plurality of sensors monitoring the cyber physical system and wherein the cyber physical system is an electrical power grid system;

constructing a metrization of the data utilizing a data structuring;

determining at least one ensemble and at least one summary variable from the metrized data, wherein the at least one summary variable is based on automata model utilizing a probabilistic grammatical inference that includes discovering common subtrees of a string parse tree via a nonparametric Bayesian clustering method including a Dirichlet Process or a Beta Process or a diffusion map technique;

applying a thermodynamic formalism to the at least one summary variable to classify a plurality of system behaviors;

identifying the plurality of system behaviors based at least in part on the classified plurality of system behaviors;

obtaining, by the one or more processors, a baseline of the system behavior associated with the classified plurality of systems behaviors; and

detecting an anomalous condition based on a deviation of the plurality of system behaviors from the baseline.

18. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 17, wherein the determining the at least one summary variable includes a symbolic encoding of the metrized data and wherein the probabilistic grammatical inference comprises an ε

-Machine Reconstruction statistical machine learning technique that includes describing a system trajectory as a string of symbols and describing system dynamics in terms of shift dynamics of the associated symbol string.