Control device for secondary battery, charging control method, and SOC detection method

• US 9,577,457 B2
• Filed: 02/26/2013
• Issued: 02/21/2017
• Est. Priority Date: 03/08/2012
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Nissan Motor Co., Ltd.
• Original Assignee: Nissan Motor Co., Ltd.
• Inventors: Osawa, Yasuhiko, Kaburagi, Tomohiro, Ito, Atsushi
• Primary Examiner(s): DIAO, M BAYE
• Application Number:
  US14/383,296
• Publication Number:
  US 20150028815A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,456 Days
• Field of Search: 320/134, 702/63, 324/427
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 31/382 Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 31/3842 combining voltage and current measurements
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/44 Methods for charging or discharging circuits for charging H02J7/00
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/48 Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte constructional details of current conducting connections for detecting conditions inside cells or batteries, e.g. details of voltage sensing terminals, H01M50/569
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0048 Detection of remaining charge capacity or state of charge [SOC]
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0049 Detection of fully charged condition
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00712 the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/007186 obtained with the battery disconnected from the charge or discharge circuit
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

The present invention provides a control device of a secondary battery. The control device of the secondary battery using, as a positive electrode material, a positive electrode active material that shows a difference of an open circuit voltage curve between during charge and discharge, has a judging unit that judges, on the basis of a charge-discharge state of the secondary battery, whether or not calculation of a current SOC of the secondary battery is possible; and a charge controlling unit that, when judged that the calculation of the current SOC of the secondary battery is not possible by the judging unit, charges the secondary battery up to a predetermined fully charged state.

Claims

1. A control device of a secondary battery using, as a positive electrode material, a positive electrode active material that shows a difference of an open circuit voltage curve between during charge and discharge, comprising:

a judging unit that judges, on the basis of a charge-discharge state of the secondary battery, whether or not calculation of a current state of charge (SOC) of the secondary battery is possible; and

a charge controlling unit that, when it is judged that the calculation of the current SOC of the secondary battery is not possible by the judging unit, charges the secondary battery up to a predetermined fully charged state.

2. The control device of the secondary battery as claimed in claim 1, further comprising:

a storing unit that stores, as basic discharge open circuit voltage information, a relationship between an SOC and an open circuit voltage in a discharge process of a case where the secondary battery is charged up to the predetermined fully charged state and afterwards the secondary battery is discharged from the fully charged state, and wherein

when it is judged that the relationship between the SOC and the open circuit voltage of the secondary battery during the discharge of the secondary battery does not correspond to a basic discharge open circuit voltage curve that is obtained from the basic discharge open circuit voltage information, the judging unit judges that the calculation of the current SOC of the secondary battery is not possible.

3. The control device of the secondary battery as claimed in claim 1, wherein:

when after the secondary battery is discharged, the charge of the secondary battery is performed again, the judging unit judges that the calculation of the current SOC of the secondary battery is not possible.

4. A control device of a secondary battery using, as a positive electrode material, a positive electrode active material that shows a difference of an open circuit voltage curve between during charge and discharge, comprising:

a storing unit that stores, as basic discharge open circuit voltage information, a relationship between a state of charge (SOC) and an open circuit voltage in a discharge process of a case where the secondary battery is charged up to a predetermined fully charged state and afterwards the secondary battery is discharged from the fully charged state;

an SOC calculating unit that calculates a current SOC of the secondary battery from a current open circuit voltage of the secondary battery in the discharge process on the basis of the basic discharge open circuit voltage information;

a judging unit that judges, on the basis of the basic discharge open circuit voltage information, whether or not calculation of the current SOC of the secondary battery by the SOC calculating unit is possible; and

a charge controlling unit that, when it is judged that the calculation of the current SOC of the secondary battery is not possible by the judging unit, charges the secondary battery up to the predetermined fully charged state.

5. The control device of the secondary battery as claimed in claim 4, further comprising:

a remaining capacity calculating unit that calculates a remaining capacity of the secondary battery from the current SOC of the secondary battery calculated by the SOC calculating unit.

6. The control device of the secondary battery as claimed in claim 5, wherein:

the remaining capacity calculating unit calculates the remaining capacity of the secondary battery as a remaining power amount of the secondary battery on the basis of the basic discharge open circuit voltage information and the current SOC of the secondary battery.

7. The control device of the secondary battery as claimed in claim 4, wherein:

the storing unit stores, as the basic discharge open circuit voltage information, the relationship between the SOC and the open circuit voltage in the discharge process intermittently at each predetermined SOC interval, and

the SOC calculating unit calculates the current SOC of the secondary battery from the current open circuit voltage of the secondary battery according to a following expression (I);

SOC(E)=SOC_n−

Δ

SOC×

(E−

E_n)/(E_n+1−

E_n) 

 

(I)

in the expression (I),

E is the current open circuit voltage of the secondary battery,

E_n is an open circuit voltage whose corresponding SOC is stored in the storing unit and which has a value that is greater than the current open circuit voltage E of the secondary battery,

E_n+1 is an open circuit voltage whose corresponding SOC is stored in the storing unit and which has a value that is equal to or smaller than the current open circuit voltage E of the secondary battery,

SOC_n is an SOC corresponding to the open circuit voltage E_n,

Δ

SOC is a difference between the SOC corresponding to the open circuit voltage E_n and the SOC corresponding to the open circuit voltage E_n+1, and

SOC(E) is an SOC corresponding to the current open circuit voltage E of the secondary battery.

8. The control device of the secondary battery as claimed in claim 4, wherein:

the positive electrode active material contains a compound expressed by a following general expression (II)

aLi[Li_1/3Mn_2/3]O₂·

(1−

a)Li[Ni_wCo_xMn_yA_z]O₂ 

 

(II)

in the expression (II),

0<

a<

1, w+x+y+z=1, 0≦

w, x, y, z≦

1, A is metallic element.

9. The control device of the secondary battery as claimed in claim 4, further comprising:

a charge-discharge current summing unit that calculates an SOC based on a current summation by summing up a charge-discharge current of the secondary battery, and wherein

the charge-discharge current summing unit is provided with a correcting unit that, on the basis of the current SOC of the secondary battery calculated by the SOC calculating unit, corrects the SOC based on the current summation calculated by the charge-discharge current summing unit.

10. A control device of a secondary battery using, as a positive electrode material, a positive electrode active material that shows a difference of an open circuit voltage curve between during charge and discharge, comprising:

a storing unit that stores, as basic discharge open circuit voltage information, a relationship between a state of charge (SOC) and an open circuit voltage in a discharge process of a case where the secondary battery is charged up to a predetermined fully charged state and afterwards the secondary battery is discharged from the fully charged state;

an SOC calculating unit that calculates a current SOC of the secondary battery from a current open circuit voltage of the secondary battery in the discharge process on the basis of the basic discharge open circuit voltage information;

a judging unit that judges, on the basis of the basic discharge open circuit voltage information, whether or not calculation of the current SOC of the secondary battery by the SOC calculating unit is possible; and

a discharge controlling unit that, when it is judged that the calculation of the current SOC of the secondary battery is not possible by the judging unit, discharges the secondary battery until the calculation of the current SOC of the secondary battery becomes possible on the basis of the basic discharge open circuit voltage information.

11. The control device of the secondary battery as claimed in claim 10, further comprising:

a remaining capacity calculating unit that calculates a remaining capacity of the secondary battery from the current SOC of the secondary battery calculated by the SOC calculating unit.

12. The control device of the secondary battery as claimed in claim 11, wherein:

the remaining capacity calculating unit calculates the remaining capacity of the secondary battery as a remaining power amount of the secondary battery on the basis of the basic discharge open circuit voltage information and the current SOC of the secondary battery.

13. The control device of the secondary battery as claimed in claim 10, wherein:

the storing unit stores, as the basic discharge open circuit voltage information, the relationship between the SOC and the open circuit voltage in the discharge process intermittently at each predetermined SOC interval, and

the SOC calculating unit calculates the current SOC of the secondary battery from the current open circuit voltage of the secondary battery according to a following expression (I);

SOC(E)=SOC_n−

Δ

SOC×

(E−

E_n)/(E_n+1−

E_n) 

 

(I)

in the expression (I),

E is the current open circuit voltage of the secondary battery,

E_n is an open circuit voltage whose corresponding SOC is stored in the storing unit and which has a value that is greater than the current open circuit voltage E of the secondary battery,

E_n+1 is an open circuit voltage whose corresponding SOC is stored in the storing unit and which has a value that is equal to or smaller than the current open circuit voltage E of the secondary battery,

SOC_n is an SOC corresponding to the open circuit voltage E_n,

Δ

SOC is a difference between the SOC corresponding to the open circuit voltage E_n and the SOC corresponding to the open circuit voltage E_n+1, and

SOC(E) is an SOC corresponding to the current open circuit voltage E of the secondary battery.

14. The control device of the secondary battery as claimed in claim 10, wherein:

the positive electrode active material contains a compound expressed by a following general expression (II)

aLi[Li_1/3Mn_2/3]O₂·

(1−

a)Li[Ni_wCo_xMn_yA_z]O₂ 

 

(II)

in the expression (II),

0<

a<

1, w+x+y+z=1, 0≦

w, x, y, z≦

1, A is metallic element.

15. The control device of the secondary battery as claimed in claim 10, further comprising:

a charge-discharge current summing unit that calculates an SOC based on a current summation by summing up a charge-discharge current of the secondary battery, and wherein

the charge-discharge current summing unit is provided with a correcting unit that, on the basis of the current SOC of the secondary battery calculated by the SOC calculating unit, corrects the SOC based on the current summation calculated by the charge-discharge current summing unit.

16. A charging control method of a secondary battery using, as a positive electrode material, a positive electrode active material that shows a difference of an open circuit voltage curve between during charge and discharge, the charging control method comprising:

judging by a controller, on the basis of a charge-discharge state of the secondary battery, whether or not calculation of a current state of charge (SOC) of the secondary battery is possible; and

when it is judged that the calculation of the current SOC of the secondary battery is not possible, charging under control of a controller, the secondary battery up to a predetermined fully charged state.

17. A state of charge (SOC) detection method of a secondary battery using, as a positive electrode material, a positive electrode active material that shows a difference of an open circuit voltage curve between during charge and discharge, the SOC detection method comprising:

judging by a controller, on the basis of a charge-discharge state of the secondary battery, whether or not calculation of a current SOC of the secondary battery is possible; and

when it is judged that the calculation of the current SOC of the secondary battery is not possible, calculating under control of a controller, the current SOC of the secondary battery on the basis of a relationship between an SOC and an open circuit voltage in a discharge process of a case where the secondary battery is charged up to a predetermined fully charged state and afterwards the secondary battery is discharged from the fully charged state and a current open circuit voltage of the secondary battery.