Adaptive modulation in a hybrid vehicle communication system

• US 9,577,857 B2
• Filed: 03/25/2014
• Issued: 02/21/2017
• Est. Priority Date: 11/08/2013
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Gogo Business Aviation LLC (GOGO Incorporated)
• Original Assignee: Gogo LLC (GOGO Incorporated)
• Inventors: Lauer, Bryan Adrian, Loganathan, Rukmani, Sasi, Sajit, Walsh, Pat, Chari, Anand
• Primary Examiner(s): Crutchfield, Christopher
• Assistant Examiner(s): Pham, Tito
• Application Number:
  US14/224,859
• Publication Number:
  US 20150131512A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,064 Days
• Field of Search: None
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/18506 Communications with or from aircraft, i.e. aeronautical mobile service
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 27/0008 arrangements for allowing a transmitter or receiver to use more than one type of modulation negotiating modulation type for two-way transmission paths H04L5/1453
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 5/1453 of modulation type
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/12 specially adapted for proprietary or special-purpose networking environments, e.g. medical networks, sensor networks, networks in vehicles or remote metering networks
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 72/0453 Resources in frequency domain, e.g. a carrier in FDMA
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 72/30 Resource management for broadcast services

Abstract

Techniques for providing hybrid communications to devices on vehicles include using a selected modulation scheme on a forward link to deliver data (that is intended to be received by an on-board device) onto a vehicle, and using a reverse link in a different frequency band to send reverse data from the vehicle. Based on the reverse data, a subsequent pre-defined modulation scheme for a subsequent forward transmission is selected from a plurality of modulation schemes corresponding to a plurality of performance levels of data delivery. The selections may be based on a current geo-spatial location of the vehicle, a type of data, and/or on one or more other dynamic conditions. The forward data may be multiplexed and/or multicast. Thus, adaptive modulation is achieved in a hybrid communications system in which the forward link and the reverse link to the vehicle are supported by different wireless communication bands.

Claims

1. A method of providing communications to and from devices being transported by vehicles, comprising:

obtaining, at a hybrid communications distributor disposed in a terrestrial location, first content that is to be delivered to a device, the device being a mobile computing device that is temporarily being transported by a vehicle that is in-flight and outside of a distance from a vehicle port at which a beacon signal transmitted by a transceiver disposed at the vehicle port is detectable;

selecting, by a processor of the hybrid communications distributor, a first modulation scheme from a set of pre-defined modulation schemes;

causing, by the hybrid communications distributor, a forward transmission to be sent via a forward link to the vehicle that is in-flight, the forward link included in a first communication link supported by a first frequency band, the forward transmission configured using the first modulation scheme, and the forward transmission including (i) the first content, and (ii) an indication of the device;

receiving, at the hybrid communications distributor from the vehicle, via a reverse link included in a second communication link supported by a second frequency band, feedback information including information corresponding to a geo-spatial location of the vehicle that is in-flight, the geo-spatial location including an altitude of the vehicle that is in-flight;

selecting, by the processor of the hybrid communications distributor and based on the feedback information, a second modulation scheme from the set of pre-defined modulation schemes for delivery of a subsequent forward transmission to the vehicle, the subsequent forward transmission including second content to be delivered to the device or to another device being transported by the vehicle; and

causing, by the hybrid communications distributor, the subsequent forward transmission to be sent via the forward link to the vehicle, the subsequent forward transmission configured using the second modulation scheme.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein:

the vehicle is a particular vehicle and the device to which the first content is to be delivered is a particular device;

causing the forward transmission configured using the first modulation scheme to be sent to the particular vehicle comprises causing the forward transmission configured using the first modulation scheme to be multicast to a plurality of vehicles, the plurality of vehicles including the particular vehicle, the plurality of vehicles transporting a plurality of devices, and the plurality of devices including the particular device; and

the particular device is an only device to which the first content is to be delivered.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein receiving the feedback information via the reverse link comprises receiving a unicast transmission including the feedback information.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the information corresponding to the geo-spatial location of the vehicle that is in-flight based upon which the second modulation scheme is selected is information corresponding to an updated geo-spatial location of the vehicle in-flight, and wherein at least one of:

(i) selecting the first modulation scheme comprises selecting the first modulation scheme based on at least one of;

a current geo-spatial location of the vehicle,

a current quality of the forward link,

a current available bandwidth of the forward link,

a type of data included in the first content, or

one or more target levels of one or more transmission characteristics from a set of transmission characteristics including a data rate, a latency level, a fidelity level of received data, or a cost of transmission;

or

(ii) selecting the second modulation scheme based on the feedback information comprises selecting the second modulation scheme based on the information corresponding to the updated geo-spatial location of the vehicle and at least one of;

an updated quality of the forward link,

an updated available bandwidth of the forward link,

a type of data included in the second content, or

the one or more target levels of the one or more transmission characteristics.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein selecting the first modulation scheme based on the current geo-spatial location of the vehicle comprises selecting the first modulation scheme based on at least one of a current altitude, a current latitude, a current longitude, a current attitude, or a current direction of the vehicle.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein at least one of:

causing the forward transmission to be sent to the vehicle using the forward link included in the first communication link supported by the first frequency band comprises causing the forward transmission to be sent to the vehicle using a forward link of at least one of;

an L band communication link, a K_u band communication link, a K_a communication link, or a communication link configured to communicate information with one or more satellites;

or

receiving the feedback information via the reverse link included in the second communication link supported by the second frequency band comprises receiving the feedback information via a reverse link of at least one of;

an air-to-ground (ATG) communication link that is configured to deliver data to and from the vehicle while the vehicle is in-flight, a terrestrial cellular communication band link, a Wi-Fi link, a Wi-Max link, or another link configured to support terrestrial wireless communications.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein selecting the first modulation scheme from the set of pre-defined modulation schemes comprises selecting the first modulation scheme from a set of pre-defined modulation schemes, and wherein each modulation scheme included in the set of pre-defined modulation schemes corresponds to a respective level of performance of the forward link.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the geo-spatial location including the altitude of the vehicle that is in-flight comprises a predicted geo-spatial location including a predicted altitude of the vehicle that is in-flight.

11. The hybrid communication system of claim 8, wherein the feedback information further includes data corresponding to at least one of:

an updated quality of the forward link or an updated available bandwidth of the forward link.

9. A hybrid communication system for communicating with devices that are being transported by vehicles, comprising:

a hybrid communications distributor communicatively connected to an in-flight vehicle via a forward link included in a first wireless communication link, the forward link supporting a plurality of modulation schemes, each modulation scheme included in the plurality of modulation schemes corresponding to a respective level of performance, the in-flight vehicle located outside of a distance from a vehicle port at which a beacon signal transmitted by a transceiver disposed at the vehicle port is detectable, and the hybrid communications distributor including;

one or more processors; and

one or more non-transitory, tangible, computer-readable storage media storing computer-executable instructions that, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the hybrid communications distributor to;

obtain first content that is to be delivered to a device being transported by the in-flight vehicle;

determine one of the plurality of modulation schemes to be utilized for delivery of the first content;

cause a forward transmission to be sent to the in-flight vehicle over the forward link using the determined one of the plurality of modulation schemes, the forward transmission including (i) the first content, and (ii) an indication of the device;

receive feedback information transmitted from the in-flight vehicle via a reverse link included in a second wireless communication link supported a frequency band different than the frequency band supporting the first wireless communication link, the feedback information including data corresponding to a geo-spatial location of the in-flight vehicle, the geo-spatial location of the in-flight vehicle including an altitude of the in-flight vehicle;

determine, based on the feedback information, a subsequent one of the plurality of modulation schemes for delivery of a subsequent forward transmission to the in-flight vehicle, the subsequent forward transmission including second content to be delivered to the device or to another device being transported by the in-flight vehicle; and

cause the subsequent forward transmission to be sent over the forward link to the in-flight vehicle using the selected subsequent one of the plurality of modulation schemes.

10. The hybrid communication system of claim 9, wherein:

the forward transmission is multicast to a plurality of vehicles in which the in-flight vehicle is included;

the device is included in a plurality of devices being transported by the plurality of vehicles; and

the device is an only device of the plurality of devices to which the first content is to be delivered.

12. The hybrid communication system of claim 9, wherein the determination of the subsequent one of the plurality of modulation schemes is further based on at least one of:

a type of data included in the second content;

or

one or more target levels of one or more transmission characteristics from a set of transmission characteristics including a data rate, a latency level, a fidelity level of received data, or a cost of transmission.

13. The hybrid communication system of claim 9, wherein the first communication link includes at least one of:

an L band communication link;

a K_u band communication link;

a K_a band communication link;

or

a wireless communication link configured for communications with a satellite.

14. The hybrid communication system of claim 9, wherein:

one of;

(i) the first communication link is a unidirectional communication link used by the in-flight vehicle, or (ii) the first communication link includes a reverse link that is not used by the in-flight vehicle; and

the second communication link is a bi-directional communication link supported by one of;

an air-to-ground frequency band allocated for direct communications between in-flight vehicles and ground stations;

a terrestrial cellular communications band, a Wi-Fi communications band, or a Wi-Max communications band, or another frequency band allocated for terrestrial wireless communications.

15. A method of providing communications to and from devices being transported by in-flight vehicles, comprising:

receiving, at a vehicle that is in-flight via a forward link included in a first wireless communication link supported by a first frequency band, a forward transmission in a first modulation scheme included in a plurality of pre-defined modulation schemes that a modem that is fixedly connected to the vehicle is capable of supporting without any reconfiguration, the vehicle located outside of a distance from a vehicle port at which a beacon signal transmitted by a transceiver disposed at the vehicle port is detectable;

demodulating the forward transmission;

determining, by a hybrid communications collector fixedly connected to the vehicle, first content included in the demodulated forward transmission and intended to be delivered to a device, the device being a mobile computing device that is temporarily being transported by the vehicle;

causing, by the hybrid communications collector, the first content to be sent to the device using a wireless network contained within the vehicle;

causing, by the hybrid communications collector, feedback information to be transmitted from the vehicle using a reverse link included in a second wireless communication link supported by a second frequency band, wherein the feedback information is based on a current geo-spatial position of the vehicle and the current geo-spatial position of the vehicle includes a current altitude of the vehicle;

receiving, at the vehicle, a subsequent forward transmission in a second modulation scheme included in the plurality of pre-defined modulation schemes, the second modulation scheme selected based on the feedback information;

demodulating the subsequent forward transmission; and

causing, by the hybrid communications collector, the second content to be sent to the device or to the another device using the wireless network contained within the vehicle.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein:

the feedback information is first feedback information;

the method further comprises causing second feedback information indicative of at least one of a quality of transmission of the forward link or an available bandwidth of the forward link to be transmitted from the vehicle using the reverse link included in the second wireless communication link; and

the second modulation scheme is selected further based on the second feedback information.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein receiving the forward transmission of the first modulation scheme included in the plurality of pre-defined modulation schemes comprises receiving the forward transmission of the first modulation scheme selected from a plurality of pre-defined modulation schemes wherein each modulation scheme included in the plurality of pre-defined modulation schemes corresponds to a respective level of performance of the forward link.

18. The method of claim 15, wherein:

the vehicle is included in a plurality of in-flight vehicles;

the device is included in a plurality of devices being transported by the plurality of in-flight vehicles, and the device is an only device of the plurality of devices to which the first content is to be delivered; and

receiving, at the vehicle, the forward transmission including first content comprises receiving, at the vehicle, a forward transmission that includes the first content and that is a multicast transmission to the plurality of in-flight vehicles.

19. The method of claim 15, wherein:

receiving the forward transmission comprises receiving the forward transmission using a first wireless protocol; and

causing the feedback information to be transmitted from the vehicle comprises causing the feedback information to be transmitted from the vehicle using a second wireless protocol.

20. The method of claim 15, wherein at least one of the first modulation scheme or the second modulation scheme is selected based on at least one of:

a data type of the respective content;

or

one or more target transmission characteristics from a set of transmission characteristics including a data rate, a level of latency, a fidelity of received data, or a cost of transmission.